共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
Marti K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,166(3910):1263-1265
Xenon in the Pesyanoe meteorite is a mixture of several componenits. Solar-type xenon is a new component deficient in the neutron-rich isotopes as compared to both trapped chondritic and terrestrial atmospheric xenon. 相似文献
2.
Data from mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses indicate that the short-lived radionuclide plutonium-244 that was present during an early stage of the development of the solar system is responsible for roughly 30 percent of the fissiogenic xenon excesses in the interior of Earth today. The rest of the fissiogenic xenon can be ascribed to the spontaneous fission of still live uranium-238. This result, in combination with the refined determination of xenon-129 excesses from extinct iodine-129, implies that the accretion of Earth was finished roughly 50 million to 70 million years after solar system formation and that the atmosphere was formed by mantle degassing. 相似文献
3.
Owen T Biemann K Rushneck DR Biller JE Howarth DW Lafleur AL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1976,194(4271):1293-1295
Krypton and xenon have been discovered in the martian atmosphere with the mass spectrometer on the second Viking lander. Krypton is more abundant than xenon. The relative abundances of the krypton isotopes appear normal, but the ratio of xenon-129 to xenon-132 is enhanced on Mars relative to the terrestrial value for this ratio. Some possible implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Analyses of xenon from well gas rich in carbon dioxide reveal a large excess of radiogenic xenon-129 from the decay of extinct iodine-129. Smaller excesses observed in the heavy xenon isotopes are from fission. These results place narrow limits on any age difference between the earth and the oldest meteorites. The occurrence of excess radiogenic xenon-129 in well gas also suggests that any quantitative degassing of existing solid materials to form the atmosphere must have been limited to a very early period of the earth's history, approximately the first 10(8) years. Alternatively, this observation is consistent with a model of the earth's continuous, but still incomplete, degassing since its time of formation. 相似文献
5.
Small solid precipitates (bubbles) of xenon in an aluminum matrix have been formed by ion implantation. Lattice images of this room-temperature inert gas solid were obtained using high-resolution phase-contrast electron microscopy. Many bubbles showed a high degree of crystalline perfection, but regions of defective crystallinity were observed in several cases. 相似文献
6.
A method for dating geological samples which uses fission product xenon in a manner similar to the use of radiogenic argon in the 40Ar-39Ar technique has been developed. The results of stepwise heating experiments for a zircon from the Ahaggar region in the Sahara are compared to the geochronology determined by the rubidiumstrontium, uranium-thorium-lead, and potassium-argon dating methods. 相似文献
7.
8.
Stout JH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1974,185(4147):251-253
Sodie and alluolminous orthoamphiboles from metamorphosed volcanic rocks develop helicoidal fractures upon cooling, due to elastic strain gradients radical to the c-axis. This condition may arise, fromradial composition gradients involving subastitution of tetrahedral silicon by aluminum in the double chain structure or from intergranular boundary constraints with adjacent quartz. 相似文献
9.
HeLa cells, plated onto plastic petri dishes, were exposed to various atmospheres composed of air and carbon dioxide; helium, oxygen, and carbon dioxide; and xenon, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in a pressure vessel. Survival curves with x-rays, 280 kilovolts (peak), show that air and helium have the same effect, but that xenon potentiates x-irradiation to the extent that the dose to produce a given level of survival with xenon is 0.58 of the dose required with air. 相似文献
10.
[目的]结合形状与能谱成分,分析辨认土壤扬尘大气颗粒物。[方法]采集徐州市和枣庄市土壤颗粒物样品,运用扫描电镜、X射线能谱分析,对颗粒物样品进行了形态特征和表面元素相对含量分析。[结果]结合形态特征和能谱分析,土壤扬尘中主要含有石英、长石和土壤颗粒集合体,还含有少量的其他矿物颗粒。土壤扬尘的特征颗粒是石英、长石和土壤颗粒集合体。[结论]石英颗粒表面光滑致密、棱角分明,特征元素是Si;长石颗粒表面光滑致密、棱角分明,特征元素是Si、Al;土壤颗粒集合体的特征元素也是Si、Al。 相似文献
11.
用二氧化硅聚氨酯涂料改良木材表面性质的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解二氧化硅（SiO2）对涂料的影响,将粉状SiO2加入聚氨酯涂料中,并涂饰于马尾松木材表面,以达到改良木材表面性质的目的。结果表明:利用硅烷偶联剂KH 570在甲苯溶剂中改性的SiO2的疏水亲油性增强,其在聚氨酯涂料中的分散性优于未改性SiO2;SiO2在一定程度上提高了木材表面漆膜的性能,漆膜的耐冲击性、抗老化性能得到显著提高;加入改性SiO2的聚氨酯涂料性能在耐磨性、硬度、耐冲击性、耐老化性方面优于未改性SiO2聚氨酯涂料。通过将SiO2增强体添加到聚氨酯涂料中,增强了涂料的性能,表明SiO2与聚氨酯具有较好的协同作用。 相似文献
12.
The Murchison carbonaceous chondrite contains a new type of xenon component, enriched by up to 50 percent in five of the nine stable xenon isotopes, mass numbers 128 to 132. This component, comprising 5 x 10(-5) of the total xenon in the meteorite, is released at 1200 degrees to 1600 degrees C from a severely etched mineral fraction, and probably resides in some refractory mineral. Krypton shows a similar but smaller enrichment in the isotopes 80 and 82. Neon and helium released in the same interval also are quite anomalous, being highly enriched in the isotopes 22 and 3. These patterns are strongly suggestive of three nuclear processes believed to take place in red giants: the s process (neutron capture on a slow time scale), helium burning, and hydrogen shell burning. If this interpretation is correct, then primitive meteorites contain yet another kind of alien, presolar material: dust grains ejected from red giants. 相似文献
13.
A magnetic resonance approach is presented that enables high-sensitivity, high-contrast molecular imaging by exploiting xenon biosensors. These sensors link xenon atoms to specific biomolecular targets, coupling the high sensitivity of hyperpolarized nuclei with the specificity of biochemical interactions. We demonstrated spatial resolution of a specific target protein in vitro at micromolar concentration, with a readout scheme that reduces the required acquisition time by >3300-fold relative to direct detection. This technique uses the signal of free hyperpolarized xenon to dramatically amplify the sensor signal via chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Because it is approximately 10,000 times more sensitive than previous CEST methods and other molecular magnetic resonance imaging techniques, it marks a critical step toward the application of xenon biosensors as selective contrast agents in biomedical applications. 相似文献
14.
Carbon and chromite fractions from the Allende meteorite that contain isotopically anomalous xenon-131 to xenon-136 (carbonaceous chondrite fission or CCF xenon) at up to 5 x 10(11) atoms per gram show no detectable isotopic anomalies in barium-130 to barium-138. This rules out the possibility that the CCF xenon was formed by in situ fission of an extinct superheavy element. Apparently the CCF xenon and its carbonaceous carrier are relics from stellar nucleosynthesis. 相似文献
15.
Donnelly SE Birtcher RC Allen CW Morrison I Furuya K Song M Mitsuishi K Dahmen U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5567):507-510
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images of room-temperature fluid xenon in small faceted cavities in aluminum reveal the presence of three well-defined layers within the fluid at each facet. Such interfacial layering of simple liquids has been theoretically predicted, but observational evidence has been ambiguous. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the density variation induced by the layering will cause xenon, confined to an approximately cubic cavity of volume approximately 8 cubic nanometers, to condense into the body-centered cubic phase, differing from the face-centered cubic phase of both bulk solid xenon and solid xenon confined in somewhat larger (>/=20 cubic nanometer) tetradecahedral cavities in face-centered cubic metals. Layering at the liquid-solid interface plays an important role in determining physical properties as diverse as the rheological behavior of two-dimensionally confined liquids and the dynamics of crystal growth. 相似文献
16.
Particles were isolated from soil leachates from the genetic horizons of a subalpine Podzol from the central Cascades, Washington. Organic particles containing traces of aluminum, iron, silicon, and sulfur were predominant in the migrant material through the upper horizons (horizons A + B); their movement was arrested in the B2hir horizon. Below B2hir and at depth, phyllosilicates, quartz, and silicate minerals were the predominant suspended materials. Elements of the podzolic mechanism and the duality of the B2hir horizon are shown. 相似文献
17.
On the basis of a three-dimensional x-ray analysis, the xenon tetrafluoride molecule in the solid is planar; the approximate symmetry is D(4h). The average distance between the xenon and the fluorine is 1.92 +/- 0.03 A. 相似文献
18.
An extended-solid phase, carbon dioxide phase V (CO2-V), was synthesized in a diamond anvil cell by laser heating the molecular orthorhombic phase, carbon dioxide phase III, above 40 gigapascals and 1800 kelvin. This new material can be quenched to ambient temperature above 1 gigapascal. The vibration spectrum of CO2-V is similar to that of the quartz polymorph of silicon dioxide, indicating that it is an extended covalent solid with carbon-oxygen single bonds. This material is also optically nonlinear, generating the second harmonic of a neodymium-yttrium-lithium-fluoride laser at a wavelength of 527 nanometers with a conversion efficiency that is near 0.1 percent. 相似文献
19.
Xenon tetrafluoride reacts with water to yield xenon, oxygen, hydrofluoric acid, and a very soluble species containing xenon. Evaporation of the solution yields a white, crystal-line substance which has been identified as xenon (VI) oxide, XeO(3). 相似文献
20.
The mass spectrum of xenon from spontaneous fission in a laboratory sample of plutonium-244 is precisely what meteoriticists predicted it would be; this discovery completes a web of proof that this nuclide is a bona fide extinct radioactivity of galactic origin, that r-process nucleosynthesis was ongoing in the galaxy at the time of the birth of the sun, and that the early meteoritic abundances of plutonium-244, heretofore tentative, can be utilized with confidence in models for the chronology of galactic nucleosynthesis. The search for an explanation for anomalous fission-like xenon in carbonaceous chondrites can now be narrowed. 相似文献