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1.
抗丛根病甜菜新品种宁甜双优2号的选育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
甜菜抗丛根病新品种宁甜双优2号属遗传双胚型雄不育杂优品种。该品种在丛根病区种植不仅抗丛根病、褐斑病性能强。而且根产量、含糖率高，接近或达到无丛根病感染地的生产水平。1998、1999年参加5点次生产示范，平均块根产量53964．0kg/hm^2，比对照增产4．67％；平均含糖率达15．35％，比对照提高0．93度；平均产糖量8286．3kg/hm^2，比对照增产11．37％。 相似文献
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甜菜新品种新甜18号的选育 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
新甜18号是石河子甜菜研究所选育的抗丛根病二倍体雄性不育多粒型杂交种,在2006～2007年新疆维吾尔自治区甜菜品种区域试验中,两年14个点次的块根产量平均为82156.5kg/hm2,比对照KWS2409增产3.99%,含糖率平均15.21%,比对照低0.09度.产糖量平均12745.5kg/hm2,比对照增糖4.3%.在丛根病抗性鉴定中,两年平均块根产量为102182.3kg/hm2,比对照KWS2409增产33.92%,含糖率15.10%,比对照低0.08,度产糖量平均18475.5kg/hm2,较对照增糖35.0%.该品种丰产性能稳定,抗病性强,适应范围广. 相似文献
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甜研206(原代号95802)是以7个二倍体多粒型有粉系按5：5：4：2：2：2：1比例配制的多系杂交组合，该品种1999—2001年参加黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验和生产试验，平均根产量分别为37622．2kg/hm^2和39430．2kg/hm^2，分别比统一对照品种甜研303提高13．7％和10．9％，平均含糖率为17．30％和17．47％，比统一对照品种甜研303提高0．57度和0．52度，平均产核量为6527．0kg/hm2和6897．6kg／hm^2，比统一对照品种甜研303提高17．4％和14．4％。抗褐斑病性强，平均褐斑病病情为0．62级，比对照品种低0．75级，较耐根腐病和丛根病。适宜在黑龙江省的哈尔滨市郊、讷河、依安、拜泉、友谊、宁安等地区种植。 相似文献
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甜菜抗丛根病杂交种内糖(ND)38的选育 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
内糖(ND)38是二倍体单粒雄性不育杂交种。母本是来自德国KWS公司的CMS66181,父本是采用胚珠培养和常规育种技术结合多代选育而成的优良品系9-7705。1999～2000年参加内蒙古自治区抗(耐)丛根病甜菜品种区域试验,平均根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别比对照甜研303提高85.5%、1.31度和101.2%,病情指数比对照低11.6。2001年在中度(3级)丛根病地进行了生产示范试验,根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别比对照提高127.5%、1.68度和154.7%,病情指数降低33.0。在华北、西北甜菜平作区适宜种植密度为7.5～8.25万株/hm2。 相似文献
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甜菜品种瑞马(RIMA)引种鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2000年包头华资实业股份有限公司由荷兰引进单粒二倍体甜菜杂交种瑞马(RIMA)，在2002～2003年的内蒙古自治区甜菜品种区域试验(抗丛组)中，平均根产量、含糖率和产糖量分别为58182．0kg／hm^2、14．77％和8575．8kg／hm^2，分别比对照提高216．5％、0．44度和238．2％；在2003年的生产试验中，根产量为71329．5kg／hm^2．含糖率为14．53％，病情指数为16。2004年通过内蒙古自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定。 相似文献
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丰产优质抗病甜菜新品种ZM202的选育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZM202是美国BetaSeed公司和中国农业科学院甜菜研究所合作选育的甜菜二倍体多胚雄不育杂交种。该品种丰产性突出,含糖性状优良,抗丛根病,耐根腐病和褐斑病,适应性广,块根品质好。在2005～2006年的黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验中,两年14个试验点次平均根产量44019.2kg/hm2,比对照品种甜研309提高37.2%;平均含糖率16.4%,比对照品种低0.8度;平均产糖量7285.6kg/hm2,比对照品种提高31.7%;对丛根病、根腐病的抗性明显优于对照品种,对褐斑病的抗性与对照品种相当。在2007年的黑龙江省甜菜品种生产试验中,5个试验点ZM202平均根产量45754.2kg/hm2,比对照品种甜研309提高48.7%;平均含糖率17.1%,比对照品种低0.2度;平均产糖量7729.2kg/hm2,比对照品种提高45.2%。该品种适宜在黑龙江省的齐齐哈尔、哈尔滨、大庆、黑河等甜菜产区种植推广。 相似文献
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甜单305为三倍体甜菜单胚杂交组合，是由单胚细胞质雄性不育系TB9-CMS为母本，以四倍体多胚绿胚轴品系甜426G为父本按4：1比例杂交而成。制种时只收获母本雄性不育系的单胚种子。于2002年配制杂交组合，2005-2006年区域试验，2007年生产示范试验。甜单305在全省生产示范试验中，表现突出，在根产量、含糖率、产糖量3个指标上均超过了对照品种，平均根产量47760．2kg／hm^2，含糖率17．06％，产糖量8116．2kg／hm^2，分别比对照品种甜研309提高22．7％、0．62度、27．2％。2008年4月被黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定命名为推广品种，适宜推广区域为哈尔滨、齐齐哈尔、牡丹江等甜菜产区。 相似文献
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抗丛根病甜菜新品种—酒引抗4号 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
酒引抗4 号是1990 年从德国引进的甜菜新品种KWS5007 ,经多年多点小区试验、对比试验、区域试验、生产示范鉴定筛选的抗丛根病甜菜新品种。在1994～1996 年的生产示范中,酒引抗4 号平均根产量为59973kg/ hm2 , 比对照增产72% , 含糖15.5 % , 比对照提高3 .8 度, 平均产糖量为9300kg/hm2 ,比对照提高668 .3% ,并且抗甜菜丛根病,发病率比对照降低90 % ,适宜在甘肃省河西走廊甜菜丛根病区种植。 相似文献
10.
耐丛根病甜菜杂交种甜研203的选育 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
甜研２０３系以３个多粒型抗病高糖有粉系，按２：２：１混植自然杂交制种，花期相遇杂交率高，种子混收１次性使用。该品种在抗（耐）丛根病区域试验中，８个点平均根产量，含糖率，产糖量，分别比对照提高２０７．４％，４．３８度，３１７．８％；生产试验中３个点平均根产量，含糖率，产糖量分别比对照提高３７．０％，３．２９度，７２．７％，且丛根病罹病率低于对照３２．６个百分点。 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
13.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
16.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
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Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
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Alejandro Carlos Tozzini María Fernanda Ceriani María Verónica Saladrigas H. Esteban Hopp 《Potato Research》1991,34(3):317-324
Summary Clones derived from thirty-one different accessions (nineteen of Argentine origin) belonging to eightSolanum species were screened for resistance to infection by potato virus X strain cp (PVX cp) by mechanical inoculation of plantlets
that had been micropropagated in vitro. Estimates of PVX multiplication obtained by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and
slot blot nucleic acid hybridization allowed the identification of resistant clones derived from five accessions belonging
toS. commersonii S. oplocense, S. sparsipilum andS. tuberosum andigena. Resistant genotypes supported PVX concentrations 5 to 15 times smaller than did the susceptible control cultivar Spunta.
Graft inoculation test confirmed the presence of extreme resistance similar to that conferred by the ‘immunity’ gene X1 (also called RXact). 相似文献
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Rita Favas Janaína Morone Rosrio Martins Vitor Vasconcelos Graciliana Lopes 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)
The loss of density and elasticity, the appearance of wrinkles and hyperpigmentation are among the first noticeable signs of skin aging. Beyond UV radiation and oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) assume a preponderant role in the process, since their deregulation results in the degradation of most extracellular matrix components. In this survey, four cyanobacteria strains were explored for their capacity to produce secondary metabolites with biotechnological potential for use in anti-aging formulations. Leptolyngbya boryana LEGE 15486 and Cephalothrix lacustris LEGE 15493 from freshwater ecosystems, and Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 and Nodosilinea nodulosa LEGE 06104 from marine habitats were sequentially extracted with acetone and water, and extracts were analyzed for their toxicity in cell lines with key roles in the skin context (HaCAT, 3T3L1, and hCMEC). The non-toxic extracts were chemically characterized in terms of proteins, carotenoids, phenols, and chlorophyll a, and their anti-aging potential was explored through their ability to scavenge the physiological free radical superoxide anion radical (O2•−), to reduce the activity of the MMPs elastase and hyaluronidase, to inhibit tyrosinase and thus avoid melanin production, and to block UV-B radiation (sun protection factor, SPF). Leptolyngbya species stood out for anti-aging purposes: L. boryana LEGE 15486 presented a remarkable SPF of 19 (at 200 µg/mL), being among the best species regarding O2•− scavenging, (IC50 = 99.50 µg/mL) and also being able to inhibit tyrosinase (IC25 = 784 µg/mL), proving to be promising against UV-induced skin-aging; L. ectocarpi LEGE 11479 was more efficient in inhibiting MMPs (hyaluronidase, IC50 = 863 µg/mL; elastase, IC50 = 391 µg/mL), thus being the choice to retard dermal density loss. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the data allowed the grouping of extracts into three groups, according to their chemical composition; the correlation of carotenoids and chlorophyll a with MMPs activity (p < 0.01), O2•− scavenging with phenolic compounds (p < 0.01), and phycocyanin and allophycocyanin with SPF, pointing to these compounds in particular as responsible for UV-B blockage. This original survey explores, for the first time, the biotechnological potential of these cyanobacteria strains in the field of skin aging, demonstrating the promising, innovative, and multifactorial nature of these microorganisms. 相似文献
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Alejandro M. S. Mayer Abimael D. Rodríguez Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati Nobuhiro Fusetani 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2510-2573
The peer-reviewed marine pharmacology literature from 2009 to 2011 is presented in this review, following the format used in the 1998–2008 reviews of this series. The pharmacology of structurally-characterized compounds isolated from marine animals, algae, fungi and bacteria is discussed in a comprehensive manner. Antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral pharmacological activities were reported for 102 marine natural products. Additionally, 60 marine compounds were observed to affect the immune and nervous system as well as possess antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, 68 marine metabolites were shown to interact with a variety of receptors and molecular targets, and thus will probably contribute to multiple pharmacological classes upon further mechanism of action studies. Marine pharmacology during 2009–2011 remained a global enterprise, with researchers from 35 countries, and the United States, contributing to the preclinical pharmacology of 262 marine compounds which are part of the preclinical pharmaceutical pipeline. Continued pharmacological research with marine natural products will contribute to enhance the marine pharmaceutical clinical pipeline, which in 2013 consisted of 17 marine natural products, analogs or derivatives targeting a limited number of disease categories. 相似文献