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1.
众所周知,在许多猪场中,常见后备母猪在第一胎或第二胎时因繁殖障碍和腿病等问题而不得不被淘汰,而有时淘汰的比例可占总淘汰母猪头数的45％。因此大大增加了猪场的管理费用、生产费用,且因非生产天数偏高而进一步提高成本。本文就如何加强后备母猪的管理,使其在整个生命期中能发挥最佳生产性能而不被过早淘汰提出五大要素,仅供大家参考。[第一段] 相似文献
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郭军华 《江西畜牧兽医杂志》2008,(2):29-30
<正>在许多猪场中,常见后备母猪在第1胎或第2胎时因繁殖障碍和腿病等问题而不得不被淘汰,有时淘汰的比例可占总淘汰母猪头数的45%。因此大大提高了猪场的管理费用和生产费用,并因非生产天数偏高而进一步提高成本。本文就如何加强后备母猪的管理,使其在整个生命期中能发挥最佳生产性能而不被过早淘汰提出5大要素,仅供大家参考。 相似文献
3.
众所周知,在许多猪场中,常见后备母猪在第一胎或第二胎时因繁殖障碍和腿病等问题而不得不被淘汰,而有时淘汰的比例可占总淘汰母猪头数的45%。因此大大增加了猪场的管理费用、生产费用, 相似文献
4.
一般母猪到了年老体衰,失去利用价值时才加以淘汰。然而,在养猪生产中,往往有部分母猪,正当青壮年,却因繁殖障碍、产科病、四肢病等原因而不得不提前加以淘汰,这种因不正常因素而淘汰的母猪,在生产中常占有一定比例。总结分析其产生的原因,对指导我们加强母猪的饲养管理,培养种用价值高的母猪不无裨益。 一、母猪繁殖障碍 母猪因繁殖障碍而失去利用价值,是母猪异常 相似文献
5.
《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2014,(6):39-39
母猪正常淘汰比例低,而疾病因素淘汰较高,如何降低母猪异常淘汰？笔者认为,疾病因素主要是肢蹄病与子宫炎,控制这两方面的疾病,可以快速降低母猪异常淘汰比例。1导致母猪发生肢蹄病与子宫炎的原因1）母猪肢蹄病发生的原因。 相似文献
6.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(10)
本文旨在分析影响低胎龄(≤4胎)母猪淘汰的原因,比较月份(1—12月)、胎次(1～4胎)、生产状态(后备、妊娠、哺乳、空怀)等与生产母猪淘汰的关系,为猪场生产提供评估参数。应用SPSS软件分析5 671头淘汰母猪,探讨母猪淘汰与影响因素的关系,预测淘汰趋势。结果表明:胎次、生产状态、月份对低胎龄母猪淘汰类别影响极显著(P<0.01),低胎龄淘汰母猪整体胎龄均值为1.33,后备和1胎母猪淘汰占比达62.8%,3—6月淘汰比例为42.7%;妊娠和哺乳母猪淘汰比例分别为45%和26.6%,由于呼吸、消化和综合因素引起的淘汰达到78.3%。建议猪场对后备和1胎母猪呼吸、消化系统疾病引起淘汰做好预防和管理,重点关注1胎哺乳母猪生殖系统疾病的预防和治疗。 相似文献
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《动物科学与动物医学》2012,(2):28-28
猪群饲舍系统最大的健康挑战之一就是母猪腿问题变得更加突出。母猪必须能够顺利地走到饲槽或从殴斗中逃跑。猪群舍中的猪腿虚弱据最近的一项研究表明,群饲舍的母猪由于腿弱问题而被淘汰的比例比单栏舍的要高出2倍。更多的淘汰会导致更高的母猪替代成本。群饲舍系统的新母猪需要额外的关注以适应喂料站和将它们引到一稳定的母猪群里。在荷兰, 相似文献
10.
导致母猪非常规淘汰的原因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生产中母猪的自然淘汰是保持猪群良好生产性能和遗传改良计划必不可少的部分,自然淘汰亦包括衰老淘汰和计划淘汰。生产中很多原因引起母猪异常淘汰,主要包括:繁殖机能障碍、遗传缺陷、产科病、营养性疾病、肢蹄病等因素。 相似文献
11.
Hedie A. Bustamante Alfredo R. Rodríguez Daniel E. Herzberg Marianne P. Werner 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(4):405-411
Lameness is one of the most painful conditions that affects dairy cattle. This study was conducted to evaluate clinical signs and plasma concentration of several pain and stress biomarkers after oligofructose-induced lameness in dairy heifers. Lameness was induced using an oligofructose overload model in 12 non-pregnant heifers. Clinical parameters and blood samples were obtained at 48 and 24 h and at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after induction of lameness. Clinical parameters included heart rate, respiratory rate, ruminal frequency and lameness score. Plasma biomarkers included cortisol, haptoglobin, norepinephrine, beta-endorphin and substance P. Differences were observed in all parameters between control and treated heifers. The plasma concentration of biomarkers increased significantly in treated animals starting 6 h after induction of lameness, reaching maximum levels at 24 h for cortisol, 48 h for haptoglobin, 6 h for norepinephrine, 12 h for substance P and at 24 h for beta-endorphin. Overall, our results confirm that lameness associated pain induced using the oligofructose model induced changes in clinical parameters and plasma biomarkers of pain and stress in dairy heifers. 相似文献
12.
Vivian Quam Jonathan Yardley Mikkel Quam Cahuê Paz James Belknap 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(8):834
The analgesic effect of cryotherapy in an induced lameness model was evaluated. Lameness was induced with solar pressure from a custom-made shoe in a 10-horse, cross-over study. The degree of lameness was recorded with a commercial non-invasive inertial sensor. The distal limbs were maintained in an ice and water slurry (cryotherapy) or at ambient temperature (control) for 1 hour. Lameness was assessed serially over the following hour. Lameness at each time point was compared to the baseline induced lameness, within and between groups. Lameness had improved significantly in all horses 5 minutes after treatment but remained improved 10 minutes after treatment for the cryotherapy group only. Fifteen minutes after treatment, lameness in the cryotherapy group was improved relative to the control. Cryotherapy produced moderate, transient analgesia. Additional research is required to determine if altering the method, duration, or temperature of cryotherapy, as well as the targeted pathology and anatomy, alters the analgesic effect. 相似文献
13.
Reasons for performing study: Lameness is highly prevalent in working horses, but published reports on the associated pathological abnormalities are lacking. With over 42 million horses in developing countries and the majority used for work, lameness has major welfare implications. Objectives: To describe the range and prevalence of pathological abnormalities associated with lameness in working horses. Methods: A standard lameness assessment was adapted for field use in working equids. Data on pathological abnormalities and pain responses in the feet, limbs and spine were collected through observation, palpation, manipulations and gait assessment in working horses from India (n = 110) and Pakistan (n = 117). Lameness at the walk was scored on a scale of 0–4 (sound‐nonweightbearing). Results: All horses examined were lame. Overall, 98% showed a gait abnormality in all 4 limbs and 87% had at least one limb scoring 3 or 4 on the lameness scale. Multiple pathological abnormalities within each limb were associated with lameness, with similar results in both countries. Chronic foot pathology was seen in every horse; 94% horses showed signs of chronic joint disease; 83% had digital flexor tendonitis in at least one limb. Lameness and pathological abnormalities were associated with specific pain responses in the feet, limbs and spine. Conclusions: The extremely high prevalence of multilimb lameness and its association with pain is of great concern. The multiple pathological abnormalities present in working horses makes lameness complex to address. Potential relevance: The results of this detailed study of lameness should facilitate the identification of risk factors and the implementation of interventions to reduce the prevalence of lameness in working equids. 相似文献
14.
The mechanism by which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs mitigate pain caused by a heart bar shoe (HBS) model of lameness is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if this HBS model of lameness induces inflammation in horses. Five healthy adult horses from a university teaching herd were enrolled. A custom HBS was applied to the left front foot of each horse, followed by induction of the American Association of Equine Practitioners Lameness Score of 4. Inflammatory markers including serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration, local venous tumor necrosis factor alpha and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations, and foot temperature were measured before lameness induction and 1, 3, and 13 hours after lameness induction. Lameness induction using the HBS model did not significantly increase production of plasma SAA, tumor necrosis factor alpha, or PGE2 concentrations at measured time points. Immediately and 1 hour after lameness induction, dorsal coronary band temperatures were higher in the left front foot compared with the right front foot, but there was no difference at 3 or 13 hours. In conclusion, the HBS model did not induce inflammation as assessed by select inflammatory markers, suggesting that the HBS model induces mechanical rather than inflammatory pain. This should be considered when using the HBS model to assess analgesic drugs in horses. 相似文献
15.
Schumacher J Schumacher J Gillette R DeGraves F Schramme M Smith R Perkins J Coker M 《Equine veterinary journal》2003,35(5):502-505
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Analgesia of the palmar digital (PD) nerves has been demonstrated to cause analgesia of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint as well as the sole. Because the PD nerves lie in close proximity to the navicular bursa, we suspected that that analgesia of the navicular bursa would anaesthetise the PD nerves, which would result in analgesia of the DIP joint. OBJECTIVES: To determine the response of horses with pain in the DIP joint to instillation of local anaesthetic solution into the navicular bursa. METHODS: Lameness was induced in 6 horses by creating painful synovitis in the DIP joint of one forefoot by administering endotoxin into the joint. Horses were videorecorded while trotting, before and after induction of lameness, at three 10 min intervals after instilling 3.5 ml local anaesthetic solution into the navicular bursa and, finally, after instilling 6 ml solution into the DIP joint. Lameness scores were assigned by grading the videorecorded gaits subjectively. RESULTS: At the 10 and -20 min observations, median lameness scores were not significantly different from those before administration of local anaesthetic solution into the navicular bursa (P > or = 0.05), although lameness scores of 3 of 6 horses improved during this period, and the 20 min observation scores tended toward significance (P = 0.07). At the 30 min observation, and after analgesia of the DIP joint, median lameness scores were significantly improved (P < or = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that pain arising from the DIP joint can probably be excluded as a cause of lameness, when lameness is attenuated within 10 mins by analgesia of the navicular bursa. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Pain arising from the DIP joint cannot be excluded as a cause of lameness when lameness is attenuated after 20 mins after analgesia of the navicular bursa. 相似文献
16.
K.A. Leach H.R. Whay C.M. Maggs Z.E. Barker E.S. Paul A.K. Bell D.C.J. Main 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(2):311-317
On 222 dairy farms, the farmer’s perception of the scale of the herd lameness problem was compared with the prevalence detected by observation of the milking herd, and a questionnaire explored the barriers to lameness reduction. Ninety percent of farmers did not perceive lameness to be a major problem on their farm, although the average prevalence of lameness was 36%. For 62% of the sample, lameness was not the top priority for efforts made to improve herd health. Time and labour were important limiting factors for lameness control activities and financial constraints prevented farmers taking action on advice in 30% of cases. Farmers’ understanding the implications of lameness for the farm business was limited. Lameness reduction is restricted by farmers’ perception of lameness, but also by time, labour and finance; these issues need to be addressed at the industry level to support animal welfare improvement. 相似文献
17.
Zubrod CJ Schneider RK Tucker RL Gavin PR Ragle CA Farnsworth KD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,224(3):411-418
OBJECTIVE: To assess the use of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for identifying subchondral bone damage in the distal limbs of horses. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 11 horses. PROCEDURE: Medical records of horses with lameness and subsequent evidence of subchondral bone damage as determined by MR imaging were reviewed. Severity and duration of lameness, results of diagnostic local anesthesia and diagnostic testing, surgical and necropsy findings, and treatment were recorded. Outcome was determined by follow-up information obtained from the owner or referring veterinarian. RESULTS: Lameness was localized by physical examination and diagnostic local anesthesia. Lameness was localized to the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joint in 4 horses, distal interphalangeal joint in 5 horses, and tarsocrural joint in 2 horses. The duration of lameness ranged from 2 weeks to 20 months. Magnetic resonance imaging of the affected joints revealed abnormal fluid accumulation within the subchondral bone. None of the abnormalities observed by MR imaging were detected by radiography. Subchondral bone damage was diagnosed in all horses. Arthroscopy of the affected joint was performed in 4 horses. Communication with the articular surface of the affected bone was suspected on the basis of results of MR imaging in 4 horses and was confirmed by arthroscopy in 1 horse and by necropsy in 1 horse. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Magnetic resonance imaging was useful for providing a diagnosis when other imaging techniques did not definitively identify the cause of lameness. Subchondral bone damage was clearly identified by MR imaging and should be considered as a cause of lameness in horses in which radiographic findings are unremarkable. 相似文献
18.
D E Anderson G M Rogers 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2001,17(1):209-23, viii
Lameness is a significant cause of economic loss, premature culling, and loss of genetics in cow-calf operations. In recent years, attention to treatment and prevention of lameness has increased. Veterinarians must be aware of factors associated with lameness such as genetics, environment, and nutrition so that preventive measures can be instituted in consultation with ranchers. 相似文献
19.
A Desrochers D E Anderson G St-Jean 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》2001,17(1):39-51, v-vi
Veterinarians are often asked to examine cattle for lameness. A good history, observation of stance and stride, and physical examination are critical to the diagnosis of lameness in cattle. Methods of examination, including observation of the animal at a distance and during movement, are described. Lameness grading systems and ancillary diagnostic tests are also discussed. 相似文献
20.
A hypoattenuating lesion in the left humeral condyle of an American cocker spaniel consistent with partial incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle was observed on computed tomography. Left forelimb lameness developed over the following three weeks at which time repeat computed tomography examination confirmed propagation of the lesion. Lameness resolved following placement of a transcondylar positional screw, suggesting that lameness was secondary to condylar instability. To the authors' knowledge this is the first report of propagation of an intracondylar lesion in a dog. 相似文献