共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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实测柴油机的燃烧过程 ,分析供油提前角对燃烧始点、最高燃烧压力、缸内最大压力升高率及相位和NOx排放的影响。结果表明 ,供油提前角提前 ,柴油机燃烧始点提前 ,最高燃烧压力增大 ,其相位相应提前 ,最大压力升高率增大 ,NOx 排放增大 ;供油提前角迟后 ,柴油机燃烧始点滞后 ,最高燃烧压力减小 ,其相位相应滞后 ,最大压力升高率减小 ,NOx 排放降低。 相似文献
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在单缸水冷四冲程柴油机上针对不同的小油桐油料进行了标定工况试验,测录了多循环的瞬时气缸压力与高压油管燃油压力,对比分析了喷油与燃烧过程中各参数的循环波动。结果发现,小油桐油的喷油始点比柴油迟1°CA,喷油持续期相当,最高喷油压力要高出近5 MPa;滞燃期比柴油缩短约3°CA,燃烧始点早于柴油约2°CA,燃烧压力升高率明显比燃用柴油时低,最高燃烧压力也低于柴油。在循环波动上,柴油的滞燃期、燃烧始点均较稳定。燃用加热后的小油桐油平均指示压力的波动率较低,其燃烧过程,特别是后燃期较为稳定。 相似文献
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气缸内的可燃混合气通过火花塞点火燃烧,使气缸内气体的压力、温度急剧升高,为膨胀做功积聚能量。在燃烧过程中,燃料的燃烧是否正常,与混合气的浓度有很大关系,只有燃料正常的燃烧,才能在燃烧进程位于上止点附近最大限度的提高缸内气体的压力和温度,燃料燃烧的是否完全、最高压力点的位置、压力增长率是否合适,对发动机性能有很大的影响。 相似文献
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<正>农用柴油机的燃烧过程应该及时、迅速、完全地完成能量各转化环节,应该达到:在过量空气系数尽量小的前提下提高发动机动力性和经济性;燃烧过程中气缸内最大压力增长率和最高爆发压力适当,工作平稳、不粗暴,燃烧噪声小;排气品质好;对结构因素和使用因素变化的适应性好,如对制造和维修质量、外界环境、所用燃料、转速、负荷的变化适应性好;柴油机冷启动性能好。本文介绍了农用柴油机几种不正常的喷射现象,并分析了结构因素和运用因素对燃油喷射的影响。 相似文献
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感官检验棉花的品级,这是农村常见的一种检测手段.它的一个主要特点就是存在不确定性.这是由于检验员的品级检验水平存在一定的差异,其中有很多因素制约着检验的结果.文章对影响感官检验结果的因素进行了系统的分析. 相似文献
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《Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research》1998,69(3):249-254
A model to represent the discolouration of dried powder of carrots as a function of temperature was developed. Two types of carrots, Asian and European, containing large amount of lycopene and β-carotene, respectively, were tested. The dried powder was stored under an atmosphere with O2and at three different temperatures, 5,20 and 35°C. The surface colour of the powder was monitored during storage by a Hunter colour ratioa/b. In the proposed model, the rate of oxidation was assumed to be represented by the product of the fraction of concentration of oxidized pigment at arbitrary time and a specific rate of oxidation of pigment. The rate parameters in the proposed model were calculated by fitting the experimental data with smooth curves by trial and error at the end of the induction period but before discolouration took place. The frequency constant and activation energy, expressing the temperature dependence of the rate parameters, were expressed by the Arrhenius relation. The simulation results of a Hunter colour ratioa/bof dried powder at 25°C showed good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that the proposed model was effective for the prediction of discolouration of dried powder of both types of carrot. The use of the induction period in the manner described may enable the shelf life of dried powder to be predicted. 相似文献
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从灾害经济学的角度探讨了城镇供水优化调度的必要性和可能性，认为在缺水不可避免的情况下，对供水进行优化调度可以减小缺水带来的损失，产生较好的减灾效益，特别是可以大大减小严重干旱的灾害效应。并根据水资源的特性，提出了缺水损失的计算模式以及优化调度的原则和方法。 相似文献
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The fractional outflow rate of water from the rumen, measured as the rate of disappearance of the chromium complex of ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid, was related to a number of dietary factors. A multiple regression equation was derived which expressed fractional outflow rate as a function of the intakes of dry matter, ash, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein.The data analysed consisted of 243 observations for sheep on 59 diets, including forage, concentrate and mixed diets. The ranges covered by the data were: fractional outflow rate 0.7–3.6 day?1; dry matter intake 560–1400g/day; ash 4–30%, acid-detergent fibre 7–41%, crude protein 5–26 % of dry matter; there were no observations for sheep of less than 34 kg liveweight.The equation accounted for 56·3 % of the total variance. Between-sheep variance could not be calculated for the whole of the data but was undoubtedly substantial since, for a sixth of the data, it was known to account for 38 % of the total variance. 相似文献