共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 546 毫秒
1.
工蜂幼虫,蛹对小鼠S180肿瘤生长的抑制作用研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究发现，工蜂幼虫、蛹对小鼠Ｓ１８０肿瘤生长有明显的抑制作用，其抑瘤率分别为６０９２％和６４３７％。而且，能显著延长Ｓ１８０腹水癌荷瘤小鼠的存活期，其生命延长率分别达８０６５％和８１７４％。结果表明：工蜂幼虫、蛹与蜂王幼虫同样具有很高的药用价值 相似文献
2.
3.
一、蜂王幼虫、工蜂幼虫和雄蜂蛹营养丰富刚取出的蜂王幼虫表面粘附着少量蜂王浆,其体内含有丰富的蛋白质、多种氨基酸和维生素、脂肪、激素(保幼激素和蜕皮激素)以及其它活性物质,所以是高级天然营养品。 相似文献
4.
5.
蜂王幼虫坠台的几种原因蜂王幼虫在４～６日间有坠台现象。若蜂王幼虫在工蜂未及缩小台口前坠落，则工蜂啃去台口部分剩下台根，状似处女王咬去王台；若蜂王幼虫坠落时，工蜂已将台口缩小，蜂王幼虫被台口卡住，则工蜂一般会加长王台，形成所谓葫芦台。无论属于哪种情况，... 相似文献
6.
意大利蜂工蜂幼虫,蛹的营养价值研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过对７～２０日龄意大利蜂工蜂幼虫、蛹每一日龄的体重、含水量、蛋白质、脂肪、灰分、氨基酸含量以及９日龄幼虫、１９日龄蛹的维生素和１０种重要矿物质元素含量的测定，发现工蜂幼虫、蛹的营养成分与蜂王幼虫、雄蜂幼虫和蛹比较接近。含水量８１６９～７３．４８％，干物质中含蛋白质４２３６～４８．４７％、脂肪１５７５～２０．６３％、灰分９９９～１８．７４％，１７种氨基酸的含量达２６３５～４４７２％，尤以谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸的含量最为丰富；此外，还含有丰富的维生素，尤其是维生素Ｃ和维生素Ｄ。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
工蜂胎对小鼠非特异性免疫功能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过碳粒廓清实验,研究了工蜂胎对机体免疫功能的影响。结果表明:工蜂胎能显著提高ICR小鼠碳粒廓清指数、胸腺质量指数和脾指数。与对照组相比,差异显著(p<0.05)或极显著(p<0.01)。表明工蜂胎具有显著提高机体的非特异性免疫功能的作用。上述药理作用以蜂王胎为对照,结果发现,工蜂胎与蜂王胎的差异不显著(p>0.05) 相似文献
12.
Botías C Martín-Hernández R Garrido-Bailón E González-Porto A Martínez-Salvador A De la Rúa P Meana A Higes M 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):150-155
Microsporidiosis caused by infection with Nosema apis or Nosema ceranae has become one of the most widespread diseases of honey bees and can cause important economic losses for beekeepers. Honey can be contaminated by spores of both species and it has been reported as a suitable matrix to study the field prevalence of other honey bee sporulated pathogens. Historical honey sample collections from the CAR laboratory (Centro Apícola Regional) were analyzed by PCR to identify the earliest instance of emergence, and to determine whether the presence of Nosema spp. in honey was linked to the spread of these microsporidia in honey bee apiaries. A total of 240 frozen honey samples were analyzed by PCR and the results compared with rates of Nosema spp. infection in worker bee samples from different years and geographical areas. The presence of Nosema spp. in hive-stored honey from naturally infected honey bee colonies (from an experimental apiary) was also monitored, and although collected honey bees resulted in a more suitable sample to study the presence of microsporidian parasites in the colonies, a high probability of finding Nosema spp. in their hive-stored honey was observed. The first honey sample in which N. ceranae was detected dates back to the year 2000. In subsequent years, the number of samples containing N. ceranae tended to increase, as did the detection of Nosema spp. in adult worker bees. The presence of N. ceranae as early as 2000, long before generalized bee depopulation and colony losses in 2004 may be consistent with a long incubation period for nosemosis type C or related with other unknown factors. The current prevalence of nosemosis, primarily due to N. ceranae, has reached epidemic levels in Spain as confirmed by the analysis of worker honey bees and commercial honey. 相似文献
13.
Until the late 1980s, specific viral infections of the honey bee were generally considered harmless in all countries. Then, with the worldwide introduction of the ectoparasite mite Varroa destructor, beekeepers encountered increasing difficulties in maintaining their colonies. Epidemiological surveys and laboratory experiments have demonstrated that the newly acquired virulence of several viruses belonging to the family Dicistroviridae (acute bee paralysis virus, Kashmir bee virus and Israeli acute paralysis virus) in Europe and the USA had been observed in relation with V. destructor acting as a disseminator of these viruses between and within bee colonies and as an activator of virus multiplication in the infected individuals: bee larvae and adults. Equal emphasis is given to deformed wing virus (DWV) belonging to the Iflaviridae. Overt outbreaks of DWV infections have been shown to be linked to the ability of V. destructor to act not only as a mechanical vector of DWV but also as a biological vector. Its replication in mites prior to its vectoring into pupae seemed to be necessary and sufficient for the induction of a overt infection in pupae developing in non-viable bees with deformed wings. DWV in V. destructor infested colonies is now considered as one of the key players of the final collapse. Various approaches for combating bee viral diseases are described: they include selection of tolerant bees, RNA interference and prevention of new pathogen introduction. None of these approaches are expected to lead to enhanced bee-health in the short term. 相似文献
14.
Viruses of the honey bee have been known for a long time; however, recently the attention of scientists and apiculturalists has turned towards the relationship between these viruses and the parasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni. Although clinical symptoms indicated the presence of some of the viruses of bees in Hungary, none have previously been isolated or identified. During July unusual adult bee and brood mortality was observed in some colonies of an apiary in Budapest known to be infested with Varroa jacobsoni. Large amounts of acute paralysis virus (APV) were detected serologically in healthy honey bee pupae killed by the injection of a bacteria-free extract of diseased adult bees. Crystalline arrays of 30 nm particles were seen in ultrathin sections of the tissues of injected pupae and naturally infected adult bees. In spite of the application of acaricide treatments the bee population in several colonies had collapsed by the end of summer and the apiary suffered severe wintering losses. 相似文献
15.
意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜赖氨酸水平 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜赖氨酸水平,为探明意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫发育阶段的赖氨酸营养需要提供理论依据。选用1日龄意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫1 200只,随机分为5个组,每个组5个重复,每个重复48只。5组工蜂幼虫分别饲喂赖氨酸实测水平为6.08(对照)、11.08、16.08、21.08和26.08 mg/g的饲粮,饲养至幼蜂羽化出房。分别于特定日龄测定工蜂幼虫化蛹率(6日龄)、虫体总蛋白含量(6日龄)、羽化率(21日龄)等生长指标以及血淋巴生化指标和免疫相关指标(6日龄)。结果表明:1)11.08 mg/g赖氨酸组的工蜂幼虫化蛹率和羽化率极显著高于其他各组(P0.01)。2)与对照组相比,11.08~26.08 mg/g赖氨酸组6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体总蛋白含量和血淋巴中游离赖氨酸含量显著提高(P0.05),其中饲粮赖氨酸水平为26.08 mg/g时6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体总蛋白含量和血淋巴中游离赖氨酸含量最高。3)6日龄工蜂幼虫血淋巴中甘油三酯含量随饲粮赖氨酸水平的升高呈先下降后上升的趋势,其中饲粮赖氨酸水平为16.08 mg/g时处于最低值,极显著低于其他各组(P0.01)。4)11.08~21.08 mg/g赖氨酸组6日龄工蜂幼虫血淋巴中溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),但随着饲粮赖氨酸水平由21.08 mg/g升高到26.08 mg/g,6日龄工蜂幼虫血淋巴中溶菌酶活性急剧下降,26.08 mg/g赖氨酸组显著低于其他各组(P0.05)。5)饲粮赖氨酸水平为11.08 mg/g时,6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体溶菌酶基因的相对表达量最高,显著高于其他赖氨酸水平时(P0.05)。与对照组相比,11.08~16.08 mg/g赖氨酸组6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体防卫素1基因的相对表达量显著增加(P0.05)。由此得出,赖氨酸能够促进意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫生长,促进蛋白质和赖氨酸的沉积,提高羽化率,并在一定程度上对脂质代谢和幼虫免疫能力产生调节作用;综合考虑上述指标,推荐意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜赖氨酸水平为11.08~16.08 mg/g。 相似文献
16.
以随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术筛选意大利蜜蜂重要农艺性状遗传标记 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
为了获得意大利蜜蜂重要农艺性状的分子遗传标记 ,本研究以 30种RAPD随机引物对平湖浆蜂、美意、澳意、苏意等 4个在产浆、采蜜和抗病性上存在较大差异的意蜂品系的基因组DNA进行RAPD_PCR扩增筛选。试验结果显示 ,随机引物W 1 8(5′_CGGACGGCGG_3′)和W2 3(5′_GTACCGCCCG_3′)的扩增图谱呈多态性。其中 ,在引物W 1 8所扩增出的 9条片断中 ,2 35 2bp和 36 4bp条带为美意所特有 ,表明可将之用于鉴别美意 ;2 0 92bp条带仅出现于蜂蜜高产的美意和澳意中 ,意味着该条带为一个蜂蜜高产性状的遗传标记 ;而 6 32bp条带在王浆高产品系平湖浆蜂中出现的频率 (0 91 )显著高于 (P <0 0 1 )美意(0 0 4 )、澳意 (0 0 2 )和苏意 (0 0 0 ) ,说明 6 32bp条带可能为王浆高产性状的一个遗传标记。在W2 3引物扩增条带中 ,6 5 1bp条带为澳意所特有 ,可用于澳意鉴别 相似文献
17.
C. Nakajima T. Sakogawa A. Okayama A. Nakamura & T. Hayama 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1998,21(4):269-273
Disposition of mirosamicin, a macrolide antibiotic, to honeybee adults, larvae, honey and royal jelly in the beehive after in-feed administration to adult bees was studied. Treatment was initiated at the end of July when the availability of natural pollen and nectar was poor. The drug was mixed with pollen-substitute paste and administered to honeybee colonies continuously for a week at a dossage of 200 mg/hive/week. High distributions in adult bees, jelly, larvae and a relatively low distribution in honey, of mirosamicin were observed. One day dosing of microsamin in sucrose syrup, a nectar substitute, resulted in a very high and long lasting residue in honey. Both royal and worker jelly, secreted from the jelly glands of adult bees, are acidic, so that a high distribution of a basic drug, such as mirosamicin, in jelly can be expected. This mechanism was considered to be responsible for a high concentration of mirosamicin in honeybee larvae, the host of Paenibacillus-larvae infection (American foulbrood), as primary larval food is jelly. 相似文献
18.
本试验利用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS)对幼年工蜂进行代谢组学分析,旨在探究不同人工饲粮对幼年工蜂生长发育及生理代谢的影响,为蜂王邮寄的人工饲粮配制提供一定理论依据。试验选取1日龄的意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera ligustica)300只,分为5组,分别饲喂5种人工饲粮,每组30只工蜂。对照组饲粮:蔗糖粉∶蜂蜜=3∶1;试验组A饲粮:蔗糖粉∶蜂粮∶蜂蜜=6∶5∶1;试验组B饲粮:蔗糖粉∶蜂粮∶蜂蜜=6∶3∶1;试验组C饲粮:蔗糖粉∶花粉∶蜂蜜=6∶5∶1;试验组D饲粮:蔗糖粉∶花粉∶蜂蜜=6∶3∶1。用5种人工饲粮进行室内喂养,记录蜜蜂7 d内的死亡数量;解剖试验组A和对照组第1、3、5、7天的工蜂咽下腺,测定其平均重量、颜色和饱满度;采用LC-MS方法检测试验组A和对照组蜜蜂饲喂7 d后的代谢物差异,对检测数据进行模式识别分析,筛选并鉴别差异代谢物。结果表明:1)对照组和试验组A蜜蜂第1~5天时均没有出现死亡,在第6和7天时试验组A蜜蜂死亡数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组B、C、D的蜜蜂在6 d内全部死亡。2)试验组A第7天时的蜜蜂咽下腺平均重量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),咽下腺颜色为全部乳白色,且咽下腺小体饱满。3)采用主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法判别方法(PLS-DA)和正交偏最小二乘方-判别分析(OPLS-DA)分析代谢组数据,结果显示试验组A和对照组明显分离,共鉴定出23个差异代谢物,包括氨基酸、脂类、糖类等,其中有10种代谢物上调,13种代谢物下调。差异代谢物通路分析发现,差异极显著的通路有牛磺酸和亚牛磺酸生物合成通路、赖氨酸降解通路、戊糖磷酸盐代谢通路、戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸相互转化通路(P<0.01),差异显著的通路有氨基酸的生物合成通路,色氨酸代谢通路,碳代谢通路,丁酸代谢通路,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢通路,丙酮酸代谢通路(P<0.05)。由此可见,试验组A的饲粮更适合蜜蜂工蜂的生长发育和生存,在邮寄环境中可代替常用的炼糖饲粮。 相似文献
19.
Peters M Kilwinski J Beringhoff A Reckling D Genersch E 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2006,53(2):100-104
Between March 2003 and October 2004, Paenibacillus larvae, the aetiological agent of American foulbrood disease of the honey bee, was isolated from broodcombs and honey samples of 54 apiaries in the administrative district of Arnsberg (North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany). Genotyping of 176 P. larvae isolates with repetitive element polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting (rep-PCR) using BOX A1R and MBO REP1 primers revealed five different genotypes (AB, Ab, ab, ass, Acapital BE, Cyrillic). In samples of three apiaries, more than one genotype was detected. A combination of two genotypes was isolated from honey samples of the same hive two times (ab/ass and Ab/ab). The five genotypes were not randomly distributed in the district, but revealed a certain geographical clustering. Possible factors with impact on the genotype diversity and the distribution pattern are discussed. 相似文献
20.
The mode of transmission between hosts (horizontal versus vertical) of disease agents is important for determination of the evolution of virulence in pathogens. For disease management, it is imperative that the epidemiology of the disease is understood and pathogen transmission rates between hosts is a key factor for this understanding. Surprisingly little is known about transmission rates in honey bee pathology. We have studied the rate of vertical transmission of Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB) in honey bee colonies, as colonies reproduce by colony fission (swarming), by culturing for the spores from repetitive samples of adult bees. The results demonstrate vertical pathogen transmission to daughter swarms. The spore density declines over time in both mother colonies and daughter swarms if mother colonies do not exhibit clinical disease symptoms. Occasional positive samples more than a year post swarming, also in daughter swarms, indicate production of infectious spores from diseased larvae, without clinical disease observable by beekeepers, and/or maintenance of infective spores in the hive environment, allowing both horizontal and vertical transmission to be maintained. The results suggest that the virulence of AFB, being lethal at colony level in contrast to other bee diseases shaped by evolution, could be dependent on apicultural practices and that the pathogen probably would be maintained without causing frequent colony mortality in a natural system. 相似文献