共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
More than 70 percent of the urea-extractable proteins from mouse stratum corneum or from differentiated cells of mouse epidermis grown in culture are two proteins of molecular weight 68,000 (keratin I) and 60,000 (kerae are two proteins of molecular weight 68,000 (keratin 1) and 60,000 (keratin 2), which are present in equimolar amounts on polyacrylamide gels. These proteins are the subunits of the keratin filaments, because when isolated from stratum corneum or cells grown in culture they form native-type epidermal keratin filaments in vitro. These observations provide biochemical evidence that epidermal cells grown in culture synthesize the major differentiation products of the epidermis. 相似文献
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J T Elder G J Fisher P B Lindquist G L Bennett M R Pittelkow R J Coffey L Ellingsworth R Derynck J J Voorhees 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,243(4892):811-814
Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) is produced by and required for the growth of epithelial cells and is angiogenic in vivo. Since epidermal hyperplasia and angiogenesis are hallmarks of psoriasis, TGF-alpha gene expression was analyzed in epidermal biopsies of normal and psoriatic skin. TGF-alpha messenger RNA and protein are much more abundant in lesional psoriatic epidermis than in normal-appearing skin of psoriatic patients or in normal epidermis. In contrast, messenger RNA levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), which inhibits epithelial cell growth, are not significantly different in normal, uninvolved, and lesional psoriatic epidermis. Thus, psoriatic epidermal hyperplasia may involve increased expression of a keratinocyte mitogen (TGF-alpha) rather than deficient expression of a growth inhibitor (TGF-beta 1). 相似文献
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利用扫描电子显微镜对鸢尾属17种植物叶片表面微形态特征进行观察,对其叶表皮微形态特征进行了系统的描述,并作了分类上的比较分析。结果表明,叶表皮的表皮细胞形态、气孔及表皮上的乳突在种间具有一定的分类学意义:鸢尾属植物表皮细胞多为菱形,表皮细胞短菱形的为原始类型;气孔器为不规则形;气孔及垂周壁存在下陷或隆起2种;垂周壁式样为平直或弓形;下陷气孔周边的表皮空隙口形状为椭圆形、方形或菱形;有些种表皮上具有乳突,并存在多态性;这些性状与鸢尾属植物生境不存在直接联系。本文还依据叶表皮微形态特征探讨了属内亚属间及一些近缘种间的分类关系。 相似文献
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Dharmasiri S Swarup R Mockaitis K Dharmasiri N Singh SK Kowalchyk M Marchant A Mills S Sandberg G Bennett MJ Estelle M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5777):1218-1220
The AUX1 and PIN auxin influx and efflux facilitators are key regulators of root growth and development. For root gravitropism to occur, AUX1 and PIN2 must transport auxin via the lateral root cap to elongating epidermal cells. Genetic studies suggest that AXR4 functions in the same pathway as AUX1. Here we show that AXR4 is a previously unidentified accessory protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that regulates localization of AUX1 but not of PIN proteins. Loss of AXR4 resulted in abnormal accumulation of AUX1 in the ER of epidermal cells, indicating that the axr4 agravitropic phenotype is caused by defective AUX1 trafficking in the root epidermis. 相似文献
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ZHOU Qi HE Rui-guo YUAN Qian-hua LI Xiang LIAO Sheng-rong Zhou wu KONG Ni-jia 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2003,2(9)
Porcine colostrum was separated into the acid-soluble fraction (SF) and casein fraction (CF) by acidifying followed by centrifuge. SF was further separated by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration. Capacities of the SF or CF of porcine colostrum, to inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin activity and to inhibit the epidermal growth factor (EGF) degradation in pig small intestinal contents, were determined under different heat treatments. The study showed that trypsin inhibitors in porcine colostrum survived heat treatments of 100℃ water bath for up to 10 min, but exposure to boiling water bath for 30 min significantly decreased the inhibitory activity. Compared with the trypsin inhibitors, the chymotrypsin inhibitors were more heat-sensitive. SF was more heat-sensitive than CF. Separation of the SF of porcine colostrum by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration revealed that the porcine colostrum protease inhibitors, those had the capacity to inhibit the trypsin-chymotrypsin activity and enhanced the stability of EGF in the gastrointestinal(GI) lumen of weaned pigs, existed mainly in SF, milk-derived, were a group of heat-labile small proteins with molecular weight of 10 000-50 000. 相似文献
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Porcine colostrum and milk were separated into the acid-soluble fraction (SF) and casein frac-tion (CF) by centrifuge. Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory capacity in porcine colostrum, milk and theircomponents were determined by incubating bovine trypsin or chymotrypsin in a medium. The inhibition of in-sulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) degradation in pig small intestinal con-tents by porcine colostrum was measured by incubating iodinated IGF-Ⅰ or EGF. Degradation of labeled IGF-Ⅰor EGF was determined by monitoring the generation of radioactivity soluble in 30% trichloroacetic acid(TCA). The results showed that porcine colostrum had high levels of trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory ac-tivity and increased the stability of IGF-Ⅰ and EGF in pig intestinal contents. The SF was higher in inhibitorypotency than CF. The present study revealed that the protease inhibitors in porcine colostrum, milk-derivedand colostrum-specific, existed mainly in SF. 相似文献
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Identification of a T3-associated gamma delta T cell receptor on Thy-1+ dendritic epidermal Cell lines 总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27
F Koning G Stingl W M Yokoyama H Yamada W L Maloy E Tschachler E M Shevach J E Coligan 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,236(4803):834-837
The murine epidermis contains a subpopulation of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that have a dendritic morphology and that express Thy-1 and T3 cell-surface antigens but not other markers (L3T4 or Lyt-2) characteristic of mature peripheral T lymphocytes. An alternative type of T cell receptor was earlier identified on a subpopulation of murine thymocytes with a similar phenotype (T3+, L3T4-, Lyt-2-), but not on peripheral murine T lymphocytes. Two independently derived Thy-1+, L3T4-, and Lyt-2- dendritic cell lines of epidermal origin that express a T3-associated disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of a 34-kilodalton gamma-chain and 46-kilodalton partner (the delta chain) have now been identified. Analysis of N-linked glycosylation revealed that this receptor is similar to that detected on thymocytes. These results demonstrate that Thy-1+ dendritic epidermal cell lines can express gamma delta T cell receptors in vitro and suggest that Thy-1+ dendritic epidermal cells express such receptors in vivo. The localization of these gamma delta T cell receptor-expressing cells in the epidermis may be of importance for understanding the function of these receptors. 相似文献
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Phosphatidylserine: selective enhancer of histamine release 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
Phosphatidylserine, in contrast with other phospholipids, markedly enhanced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by dextran or protein antigens. This enhancing effect was selective for dextran and protein antigens and did not extend to the action of compound 48/80 or chymotrypsin. These findings suggest a role for phosphatidylserine in the response of mast cells to antigens. 相似文献
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山羊毛纤维的鳞片层结构研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ对山羊毛纤维的鳞片层进行了观察测试。结果表明，山羊毛纤维的鳞片层多由数个鳞片构成，厚度明显大于绵羊毛纤维，而且鳞片密度较大，具有良好的缩绒基础。 相似文献
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Expression of an epidermal antigen used to study tissue induction in the early Xenopus laevis embryo 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A monoclonal antibody (Epi 1) has been produced that recognizes an antigen expressed in epidermal cells of Xenopus laevis embryos. The Epi 1 antigen appears in embryonic epidermis at the end of gastrulation and is not expressed in nonepidermal structures derived from ectoderm (for example, neural tube or cement gland). The capacity to express the Epi 1 antigen is restricted to cells of the animal hemisphere prior to the midblastula stage of development (stage 8), and tissue interactions during gastrulation inhibit the expression of the Epi 1 antigen in neural ectoderm. This epidermal antigen will be a valuable marker for studies of ectodermal commitment. 相似文献
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通过制作石蜡切片,对裂果性不同的中阳木枣、稷山板枣、赞皇大枣、冬枣、梨枣、壶瓶枣等枣品种,进行了成熟期果实果皮及果肉解剖结构的观察测定。结果表明:枣外果皮由外向内由角质层细胞、表皮细胞和亚表皮细胞组成,但表皮和亚表皮细胞不易区分,共有细胞3￣6层。角质层厚度及其是否发生龟裂与裂果性没有密切的相关性,而表皮的厚度与裂果密切相关,表现为“耐裂品种”比“较耐裂品种”和“不耐裂品种的表皮”要厚。此外,角质层细胞、表皮细胞排列紧密,果肉细胞排列较紧密且果肉细胞间空腔较少的枣品种果实较耐裂果。 相似文献
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石斛属植物叶表皮特征及其分类学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用光学显微镜对石斛属6组28种植物的叶表皮进行观察,结果如下:顶叶组、石斛组、叉唇组、黑毛组和草叶组叶片气孔仅存在于下表皮,剑叶组刀叶石斛叶片两面表皮均有气孔;上下表皮细胞形状不规则,以多边形为主;表皮细胞垂周壁较平直;上下表皮均有毛状体。研究结果表明:对石斛属植物而言,表皮细胞形状、垂周壁式样、气孔类型及密度都属于比较相似的性状,难以作为属下分类的依据;气孔大小及形状、毛状体类型及分布表现出较稳定的差异,可作为组与种划分的依据。 相似文献
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不同海拔高度上两种蒿属植物叶表皮结构比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对小五台山地区不同海拔的两种蒿属植物长梗米蒿(Artemisia giraldii Pamp.var.longipedunculata Y.R.Ling)和南牡蒿(A.eriopoda Bge.)的叶表皮结构进行了观察和分析。A.giraldii和A.eriopoda的叶背腹两面均有T-或Y-型毛,两种植物表皮细胞形状为不规则或多角型,垂周壁式样有波状和平直两种;不同海拔的A.giraldii和A.eriopoda叶片两面都有气孔分布,A.giraldii的气孔复体为无规则四细胞型(Anomotetra-cytic)和不等型(Anisocytic),偶见有无规则型(Anomocytic);A.eriopoda多为不等型,稀见无规则四细胞型。发现同种植物叶两面的气孔密度和气孔指数随海拔升高都有变化;而叶表皮形态、气孔复体结构与被毛类型等在同种内变化不大。这表明叶表皮、气孔复体和表皮毛类型等在一定程度上代表了物种属性,而气孔密度与气孔指数的变化体现了蒿属植物在不同海拔环境中,对多种生态因子共同作用的特殊适应性。 相似文献
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Effects of inhibitors on the protease profiles and degradation of activated Cry toxins in larval midgut juices of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Midgut juice plays an important role in food digestion and detoxification in insects. In order to understand the potential of midgut juice of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guenée) to degrade Bt proteins, the enzymatic activity of midgut juice and its degradation of Bt proteins(Cry2 A, Cry1 C, Cry1 Aa, and Cry1 Ac) were evaluated in this study through protease inhibitor treatments. The activities of total protease in midgut juices were significantly inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride(PMSF), tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone(TLCK), pepstatin A and leupeptin. The enzymatic activity of chymotrypsin was significantly inhibited by PMSF, and enzymatic activity of trypsin was significantly inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA), PMSF, tosyl phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone(TPCK), TLCK and trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-(4-guanidino) butane(E-64). EDTA could significantly inhibit the degradation of Cry2 A by C. medinalis. EDTA, PMSF, TPCK, and TLCK could inhibit the degradation of Cry1 C and Cry1 Aa. EDTA, PMSF, TPCK, TLCK, and E-64 could inhibit the degradation of Cry1 Ac. Our results indicated that some protease inhibitors hindered various enzymatic activities in the larval midgut of C. medinalis, which may reduce the insect's ability to degrade Bt toxins. These findings may aid the application of protease inhibitors in the management of this insect pest in the future. 相似文献
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布氏白僵菌侵染杨干象幼虫体壁的扫描电镜及透射电镜观察 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为了解布氏白僵菌对杨干象幼虫的侵染过程,利用扫描电镜与透射电镜研究了布氏白僵菌对杨干象幼虫体壁的侵染过程及超微结构变化。扫描电镜结果显示:接种12 h后,分生孢子成功附着于杨干象幼虫体壁不同区域,如气孔、感器周围与节间膜部位;接种24 h后,最早观察到布氏白僵菌以芽管或菌丝的形式穿透杨干象幼虫体壁,无附着孢产生;接种90、96 h后,由虫体内穿出的菌丝在虫体表面开始大量繁殖。透射电镜结果显示:菌丝在穿透过程中伴随着机械压力与组织溶解现象。接种第24 h时,菌丝穿入表皮;到第36 h时,大量菌丝侵入到皮细胞层中;到第48 h时,菌丝侵入皮细胞层后使皮细胞层发生变形,菌丝周围出现电子密度很低的光晕;到第60 h,表皮层与皮细胞层分离,菌丝周围的细胞器溶解,细胞核遭到破坏,菌丝周围出现絮状溶解物,这种现象在国内外均未见报道,证实了菌丝侵入杨干象幼虫体内过程中有酶的参与。到第72 h时,细胞内排列松弛变成空泡;第84 h时,菌丝段以无隔、1个隔或2个隔的方式在血腔内大量繁殖;到第96 h,菌丝从表皮中穿出。 相似文献
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采用石蜡切片技术及叶表皮刮取技术对桂竹叶片进行解剖学研究,对其表皮及横切面解剖结构进行测量和分析,观察桂竹叶片泡状细胞、长细胞、短细胞、叶肉细胞、梭形细胞、气孔器、维管束、表皮毛、下表皮乳突的形态及排布规律。结果表明,各形态指标的变异系数为4.9%~37.8%,下表皮细胞的形态指标变异系数普遍大于上表皮细胞,短细胞、梭形细胞、气孔器等的解剖结构具有显著特征。对桂竹叶片解剖结构进行详细描述,建立了横切面结构与表皮结构的对应关系。桂竹叶上表皮呈现“维管束-长（短）细胞-泡状细胞-长（短）细胞-维管束”的交替带状结构,下表皮呈现“维管束-长（短）细胞-维管束”的交替带状结构,上下表皮解剖结构差异明显。桂竹叶切面上呈现“泡状细胞簇-维管束-泡状细胞簇”的交替结构。在此基础上,讨论了桂竹具有分类学意义的解剖学特点,为刚竹属近缘属间、属下的界定提供参考。 相似文献
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利用光学显微镜对鳞毛蕨科6种鳞毛蕨属植物和2种耳蕨属植物叶表皮特征进行比较观察和分析.结果表明:8种蕨类植物的叶片表面无附属物;气孔器类型具多型现象,鳞毛蕨属植物气孔器类型主要为不等细胞型和极细胞型,耳蕨属植物气孔器类型多为无规则四细胞型;气孔均为下生型,不下陷,多沿叶脉方向排列,且叶脉间分布较密集;鳞毛蕨属植物气孔器较耳蕨属狭长,表皮细胞为不规则型,垂周壁呈波状或不规则凹凸状,而耳蕨属植物表皮细胞狭长,垂周壁为浅波状;6种鳞毛蕨气孔器指数总体上较耳蕨属大,而气孔器密度差异不大.由此得出结论,表皮的整体特征可以作为划分鳞毛蕨科植物的特征;可据细胞大小、气孔器大小与气孔器指数来区别鳞毛蕨属和耳蕨属植物,为鳞毛蕨属植物的分类鉴定提供了新的形态学依据. 相似文献