共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
microRNA(miRNA)是小分子RNA家族中的一员,内源性非编码基因构成的21bp~23bp单链小RNA分子,在生物进化过程中保持了高度的保守性,通常由Dicer酶从具有发夹二级结构的RNA前体加工而来。miRNA虽然微小,但它在真核生物发育和基因表达中通过与靶mRNA形成完全或不完全互补配对从而扮演着重要角色。它们参与动物体发育、细胞增殖与死亡、细胞分化、激素分泌、肿瘤形成等各种过程。文章综述了病毒编码的miRNA以及miRNA在最新研究中的预测、表达和功能。 相似文献
2.
《中国家禽》2009,(8)
英国动物卫生研究所的科学家们对小分子RNA（miRNAs）的表达信号在马立克氏病毒（MDV）诱导肿瘤形成中的作用。MDV类淋巴母细胞系MSB-1被证实能够高水平表达病毒编码的miRNAs以及改变宿主编码的rniR．NAs的表达。研究人员为了鉴定miR-NAs表达信号对于MDV转化细胞的特异性，采用微阵列技术对7种不同的MDV转化细胞进行了miRNA表达分析。研究结果显示，除了MDV编码的miRNA以外，这些由MD肿瘤衍生而来的类淋巴母细胞系能够改变一些宿主编码的miRNA的表达。并且发现，对于miRNA的表达，mjR-155具有特异性下调MDV转化型肿瘤细胞的作用。因此，他们认为miR-155的调节作用促进MDV编码的miRNAs的表达，可以看作是MD肿瘤细胞的独特的表达信号。对这些miRNAs表达的功能蛋白的分析将有助于理解MD致瘤性的分子通道。 相似文献
3.
沉默病毒编码的miRNA——新型抗病毒治疗法研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
miRNA是一类在转录后水平调节基因表达的非编码RNA。病毒编码的miRNA在调控病毒基因自身表达及病毒与宿主相互作用方面起着重要作用,这一类miRNA有助于提高病毒的致病性。因此,通过使用与病毒miRNA互补的单链核苷酸即抗miRNA寡核苷酸(anti-miRNA oligonucleotides,AMOs)来抑制病毒miRNA的表达,从而沉默其功能达到抑制病毒复制的效果,这可能成为一种治疗病毒性感染的新方法。文章描述了研究较深入的病毒miRNA与其功能及AMOs的修饰方式,并讨论了AMOs应用的可能性。 相似文献
4.
5.
利用生物信息学方法预测家蚕核型多角体病毒基因组编码的miRNA 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
microRNAs(miRNAs)是长度为18～25 nt的非蛋白质编码小RNA分子,可以通过抑制有关基因mRNA的翻译从而调控机体的生长发育、疾病发生等过程。在很多病毒中发现有miRNA的存在,这些miRNA可能在病毒基因的表达以及与宿主的相互作用中发挥作用。利用vMir软件预测家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)基因组可能编码的miRNA前体序列,对BmNPV基因组扫描分析后,得到7条能形成发夹结构的可能是miRNA的候选前体序列。以BmNPV添食感染5龄起蚕,72 h后取幼虫血淋巴提取总RNA,对这7条序列进行反转录PCR验证,其中扩增出的5条序列在BmNPV基因组中有相同的序列,推测这5条序列为BmNPV基因组编码的miRNA前体序列。进一步分析5条miRNA前体序列的发夹结构,并用反转录PCR的方法验证其成熟体序列,结果在5条miRNA前体序列共扩增出6条在BmNPV基因组中有相同序列的成熟体序列,它们分别位于不同的ORF之间,是BmNPV基因组编码的miRNA。利用在线靶基因预测程序RNAhybrid和RNA22预测到6条miRNA在BmNPV中的13个可能的靶基因,其中有6个靶基因是病毒的结构蛋白基因,2个为晚期表达因子基因,5个为未知功能基因。推测这些BmNPV基因组编码的miRNA可能与病毒感染宿主有关。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
miRNA是具有19～25nt长度的内源性非编码RNA,它通过与mRNA的3'非转录区域(3'-UTR)结合而影响蛋白质的合成,从而达到调控基因的作用。马立克氏病病毒(MDV)是一种可以导致禽类产生肿瘤性疾病的疱疹病毒,而miRNA作为基因转录后调控因子可以影响肿瘤形成过程。文章从MDV-1编码miRNA所处的位置,它们所作用的靶基因及监测它们在感染MDV的组织和细胞中的表达水平三方面阐明了miRNA与MDV-1的致瘤性有着重要的关系。 相似文献
9.
旨在研究羊传染性脓疱病毒（orf virus，orfv）感染山羊皮肤成纤维细胞（goat skin fibroblasts cell，GSF）对GSF细胞microRNA（miRNA）表达谱影响，探究miRNA在orfv感染过程中的作用及调控机制。分别提取感染和未感染orfv的GSF细胞总RNA，构建miRNA文库，利用高通量测序技术进行miRNA差异表达分析，对差异表达miRNA靶基因进行预测，并进行GO和KEGG分析，随机选取10个差异miRNA进行RT-qPCR验证。结果显示，orfv感染组和未感染GSF细胞组相比共有678个显著差异表达的miRNA（fold change≥1.5），其中，上调表达miRNA有509个，下调表达miRNA有169个，uniq_miRNA的Venn图分析显示，感染组和对照组共有的miRNA仅占8.21%；GO和KEGG分析显示，差异表达miRNA主要参与脂质代谢、受体及细胞因子信号转导等细胞生物学过程，RT-qPCR验证结果与高通量测序结果一致。本研究结果表明，orfv感染GSF细胞对其编码的miRNA有显著影响，获得大量GSF细胞编码的与orfv感染相关的差异miRNA，为进一步从宿主miRNA层面揭示orfv感染和致病机制提供了参考依据。 相似文献
10.
11.
Zhi-jie Li Yan-ping Zhang Yang Li Hui-wen Zheng Yong-sheng Zheng Chang-jun Liu 《Research in veterinary science》2014
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that differential miRNA expression is associated with viral infection and tumorigenesis. Recently discovered microRNAs in the Marek's disease virus (MDV) genome have been suggested to have regulatory roles during MDV oncogenesis. To gain more insight into the molecular mechanisms of the tumorigenesis of MDV, we used microarrays to screen host and viral miRNAs that were sensitive to infection by MDV. Microarray analysis showed significant differential expression of 79 miRNAs, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis. These data suggest that differentially expressed miRNAs may have major roles in MDV-induced tumorigenesis. In addition, we found two clades of chicken miRNAs had increased expression in splenic tumors and non-tumorous spleen tissues from GA-infected chickens. Thus, the expression of these miRNAs can be considered signatures for MDV infection and tumorigenesis. 相似文献
12.
13.
miRNA and piRNA expression profiles of breeder cock testes detected by next‐generation sequencing 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 SR Wu W Guo YL Li XC Ren XY Lei XY Li JH Yao XJ Yang 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(2):203-213
miRNAs are small non‐coding regulatory RNAs that play key roles in diverse biological processes. In this study, we used the Solexa sequencing technique to profile miRNAs in breeder cock testes to illustrate their functions. A total of 663 co‐expressed miRNAs and 3,180 co‐expressed piRNAs were detected in three libraries. Based on Mir‐X? miRNA qRT‐PCR, three miRNAs representing low, medium and high expression levels according to the sequencing results were selected randomly to validate the miRNAs' expression profiles. Results suggested that the miRNA expression profiles data could represent actual miRNA expression levels. Moreover, target genes prediction of the co‐expressed miRNAs and further Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were performed, which revealed that some candidate miRNAs were involved in the regulation of the spermatogenesis process, spermatozoa function and testicular metabolism. In conclusion, we provided a useful resource for further elucidation of the miRNAs' regulatory role in spermatogenesis, contributing to a preliminary database for functional and molecular mechanistic studies in testicular metabolism, spermatogenesis and other testes functions. 相似文献
14.
MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类调控真核基因表达的非编码小分子RNA,目前已证实miRNA在生物体生长、发育和疾病发生等过程中起着重要的作用。用同源搜索的计算分析法预测新的miRNAs是当前发现和鉴定miRNA的有效方法之一,本研究根据NCBI数据库中的牛EST、GSS信息以及猪、家犬、人、大猩猩和小家鼠5种哺乳动物的已经注册miRNA分子信息,预测牛新的候选miRNA,通过碱基错配、二级结构、A+U含量、自由能大小等分析候选序列特征,得到了17条牛新的候选miRNA。这对进一步寻找牛的miRNA和遗传育种研究提供了新的思路,具有一定的理论和实际意义。 相似文献
15.
MicroRNA（miRNA）是一类约22个核苷酸组成的单链非编码RNA,在分化、发育、肿瘤形成等方面起着重要作用。本研究对弓形虫RH株感染小鼠脾细胞miRNA的表达进行了特异性基因芯片检测分析,并应用荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行验证。结果表明,感染鼠脾细胞中与免疫应答及细胞增殖和肿瘤发生相关的三大类miRNA中,有39种表达下调,同时有36种表达上调。上述结果揭示,弓形虫感染机体后伴随着靶细胞功能性miRNA表达谱的显著改变,这为进一步研究弓形虫感染致病的分子机制开辟了新的方向。 相似文献
16.
为了探索卵巢microRNA （miRNA）在初产母猪生殖调控中的作用,本研究利用Illumina高通量测序技术检测了乏情和发情初产母猪卵巢miRNA的表达谱,并对表达量较高且差异显著的miRNA进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,本研究构建的两个small RNA文库共鉴定出503个miRNAs,其中已知的303个,新预测的200个。在已知的miRNA中,ssc-miR-10b在两个文库中的表达量最高,其次为ssc-miR-143-3p和ssc-miR-26a;在新预测的miRNA中,chr13_2637_mature在两个文库中的表达量最高,其次为chr8_9994_mature。与发情母猪相比,共有145个miRNAs发生显著变化（read counts>10,∣log2（fold-change）∣>1）,上调114个,下调31个。在进一步筛选的31个表达量较高且差异显著的miRNAs（read counts>1 000,∣log2（fold-change）∣>1）中,新预测的chr13_2585_mature上调倍数最高,且只在乏情母猪卵巢中表达。31个miRNAs共预测到7 388个靶基因,KEGG信号通路分析显示,有2 788个靶基因注释到了297个KEGG通路,前20个最富集的通路部分与生殖过程或生殖活动调控相关,表明这31个miRNAs参与了初产母猪的生殖调控。本研究结果丰富了猪miRNA数据资源,为进一步深入研究初产母猪的繁殖性能提供了理论依据。 相似文献
17.
Peter Vegh Amir B.K. Foroushani David A. Magee Matthew S. McCabe John A. Browne Nicolas C. Nalpas Kevin M. Conlon Stephen V. Gordon Daniel G. Bradley David E. MacHugh David J. Lynn 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2013
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and are known to play a key role in regulating both adaptive and innate immunity. Bovine alveolar macrophages (BAMs) help maintain lung homeostasis and constitute the front line of host defense against several infectious respiratory diseases, such as bovine tuberculosis. Little is known, however, about the role miRNAs play in these cells. In this study, we used a high-throughput sequencing approach, RNA-seq, to determine the expression levels of known and novel miRNAs in unchallenged BAMs isolated from lung lavages of eight different healthy Holstein–Friesian male calves. Approximately 80 million sequence reads were generated from eight BAM miRNA Illumina sequencing libraries, and 80 miRNAs were identified as being expressed in BAMs at a threshold of at least 100 reads per million (RPM). The expression levels of miRNAs varied over a large dynamic range, with a few miRNAs expressed at very high levels (up to 800,000 RPM), and the majority lowly expressed. Notably, many of the most highly expressed miRNAs in BAMs have known roles in regulating immunity in other species (e.g. bta-let-7i, bta-miR-21, bta-miR-27, bta-miR-99b, bta-miR-146, bta-miR-147, bta-miR-155 and bta-miR-223). The most highly expressed miRNA in BAMs was miR-21, which has been shown to regulate the expression of antimicrobial peptides in Mycobacterium leprae-infected human monocytes. Furthermore, the predicted target genes of BAM-expressed miRNAs were found to be statistically enriched for roles in innate immunity. In addition to profiling the expression of known miRNAs, the RNA-seq data was also analysed to identify potentially novel bovine miRNAs. One putatively novel bovine miRNA was identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first RNA-seq study to profile miRNA expression in BAMs and provides an important reference dataset for investigating the regulatory roles miRNAs play in this important immune cell type. 相似文献
18.
19.