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1.
本研究旨在探讨牛磺酸对肉仔鸡生产性能和血清生化指标的影响。选用288只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为6组,每组3个重复。第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮（不合抗生素）;第Ⅱ组为抗生素组,在基础日粮中添加50mg／kg的杆菌肽锌;第Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组为牛磺酸添加组,在基础日粮中分别添加0．05％、0．10％、0．15％和0．20％的牛磺酸,试验期42天。结果表明：（1）日粮中添加0．10％牛磺酸,能够显著提高肉仔鸡42日龄平均末重和平均日增重,显著降低料重比（P〈0．05）;（2）添加0．10％的牛磺酸能显著降低42日龄肉仔鸡血清中葡萄糖（GLU）、尿酸（UA）含量（P〈0．05）,显著提高血清总蛋白（TPO）含量（P〈0．05）;0．15％和0．20％的牛磺酸能显著降低血清中GLU含量（P〈0．05）,0．15％牛磺酸使血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）含量显著提高（P〈0．05）;添加牛磺酸可以使42日龄肉仔鸡血清甘油三酯（TG）含量有不同程度降低,但差异不显著（P〉0．05）。 相似文献
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将120只蛋仔鸡（3日龄）随机分为10组,以常规方法进行饲喂,把不同浓度的铅与Vc（Vc用量为0．2mg／g,铅用量为0．02mg／g,0．05mg／g,0．08mg／g,0．11mg／g）配成溶液,用小针管进行口腔灌服,饲养14日后空腹抽血,测定血液中丙二醛（加A）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的变化。结果表明：随着铅浓度的增加,血液中MDA含量升高,其中Pb（3）、Pb（4）组升高显著（P〈0．05）,Vc＋Pb组无显著性差异;SOD活性显著降低,Pb（4）组差异极显著（P〈0．01）,Pb（1）、Vc＋Pb（1）组差异不显著,其它组差异显著（P〈0．05）;POD活性在Pb（1）、Pb（2）组明显降低（P〈0．05）,Pb（3）组显著升高（P〈0．05）,Pb（4）组无变化（P〉0．05）,vc＋Pb组差异显著;0玎活性逐渐降低,Pb（3）、Pb（4）、Vc＋pb（3）、Vc＋pb（4）组差异极显著（P〈0．01）,Pb（2）、Vc＋Pb（2）差异显著（P〈0．05）;Vc＋Pb组与加Pb组比较,Vc＋Pb（4）组上述指标差异均显著（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
3.
0—3周龄从肉仔鸡日粮添加8mgCr／kg的5种铬源，一个对照组，统计日增重和日采食量，取肝脏、肾和胫骨测定铬含量。结果表明：①在高添加水平8mgCr／kg下，日粮添加铬对3周龄肉仔鸡生长性能的不良影响取决于铬源。CrY对3周龄肉仔鸡的日增重、日采食和料重比没有不良影响（P〉0．05），但是CrPic、CrNic、CrMet和CrCl3均对3周龄肉仔鸡有不同程度的不良影响，在高水平8mgCr／kg下分别使肉仔鸡的日增重显著下降8．06％，16．46％，9．06％，41．36％（P〈0．05）；CrMet显著增加肉仔鸡日采食11．33％，而CrCl3显著降低肉仔鸡日采食17．04％；CrNic、CrMet和CrCl3使肉仔鸡的料重比显著升高20％、22％、41．33％o可见CrMet和CrCl3影响最大，其次为CrNic和CrPic。2.8mgCr／kgCrCl3显著增加3周龄肉仔鸡的腹脂率63．01％（P〈0．05），其它4种铬源对3周龄肉仔鸡的腹脂率没有显著影响（P〉0．05），表明高添加的条件下有机铬对肉仔鸡腹脂蓄积的影响比无机铬小。②在高添加水平下，铬源对1—21日龄肉仔鸡的肝脏铬含量、肾脏铬含量、胫骨铬含量有极显著影响（P〈0．01）. 相似文献
4.
选用黄芪、党参、白术、茯苓、山楂等中草药组成2种复方中草药添加剂,旨在研究复方中草药添加剂对肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响。21日龄和42日龄时分别检测肉仔鸡的免疫器官指数、T淋巴细胞转化率、单核～巨噬细胞吞噬指数以及血清IL-2和IL-1B含量。综合本试验检测的免疫指标可知,日粮中添加复方中草药组的肉仔鸡机体的免疫水平较对照组均有不同程度的提高,其中日粮中添加0．75％复方中草药Ⅰ和0．75％复方中草药Ⅱ能显著提高T淋巴细胞转化率和血清IL-2含量（P〈0．05）,而两种中草药配方间没有显著差异（P〉0．05）。 相似文献
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生姜、胡椒、咖喱叶子粉作为饲料添加剂在肉仔鸡日粮中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将210只商业Veneobb肉用仔鸡称重随机分成7组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,连续饲喂6周。所有的仔鸡按照企业管理标准．在同样的饲养管理条件下进行饲喂。7个处理组的分组情况如下：T1-对照组;T2—0．2％生姜粉组;T3—0．2％胡椒粉组;T4—0．2％咖喱叶子粉组;T5—0．2％生姜＋0．2％胡椒粉组：T6—0.2％生姜＋0．2％咖喱叶子粉组和T7—0．2％胡椒＋0．2％咖喱叶子粉组。结果表明,6周龄时不同处理组之间的肉仔鸡平均体重差异显著（p〈0．05）;与对照组相比．生姜-咖喱叶子组（T6）和胡椒-咖喱叶子组（T7）饲料消耗量显著高于对照组,差异极显著（p〈0．01）．但是饲料消耗量在处理组之间因为都是等热量和等氮的日粮并无显著差异：T2和T5组饲料成本的平均利润远远高于其他处理组（p〈0．01）;1-6周日龄鸡的屠宰体重、全净膛重、屠宰率、腹脂率、内脏重量在各生姜粉、胡椒粉、咖喱叶子粉添加组之间无显著差异。 相似文献
7.
不同锰源对肉仔鸡免疫性能的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
该试验选择刚出壳的AA商品代肉仔鸡150只,随机分成3组,进行饲养试验,以玉米——豆粕型日粮为基础日粮,分别添加硫酸锰100mg／kg（试验1组）、Met-Mn 60mg／kg（试验2组）和100mg／kg（试验3组）。结果表明,在肉仔鸡日粮中添加100mg／kg的Met-Mn与等剂量的硫酸锰相比,可使胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊的重量及其指数显著增加（P〈0．05）;添加60mg／kg的Met-Mn对免疫器官重量也有一定的促进作用,但差异并不显著（P〉0．05）。42日龄时试验3组肉仔鸡血清中总蛋白和球蛋白均显著高于试验1组（P〈0．05）。试验表明,Met-Mn与硫酸锰相比具有一定的免疫刺激或调节作用。 相似文献
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试验选择160只健康1日龄的商品代AA肉仔鸡。设4个处理．即对照组和处理组1、2、3，每个处理4个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮．处理组1、2、3分别添加10、20、30g／kg霉菌吸附剂，研究结果表明：（1）处理组1、2在整个试验阶段肉鸡平均日增重显著增加（P〈0．05）。处理组1与对照组、处理组2相比显著降低了料重比（P〈0．05）．与处理组3相比极显著地降低了料重比（P〈0．01）。（2）处理组1、2显著提高了总蛋白、球蛋白含量（P〈0．05），对甘油三酯、白蛋白、GOT、GPT及总胆固醇含量无显著影响（P〉0．05）。（3）处理组1、2极显著提高小肠绒毛高度、降低隐窝深度（P〈0．01）。结果显示，添加10g／kg霉菌吸附剂效果优于对照组和其他处理组。 相似文献
10.
中药制剂抗肉鸡热应激作用机理研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
将50只1日龄AA肉仔鸡饲养（高温条件下饲养）于MFD-233型人工气候室内,随机分成对照组和试验组,试验组肉仔鸡7日龄时在日粮中添加0．1％的中药,连用7d;然后分别于14,21日龄取法氏囊,用流式细胞仪检测应激状态下法氏囊细胞凋亡率和细胞周期时相变化,用Western—blot方法检测法氏囊中Bcl-2和caspase-3基因蛋白表达水平。试验结果表明：试验组肉仔鸡14,21日龄法氏囊细胞凋亡率明显低于对照组,差异显著（P〈0．05）;细胞周期时相发生变化,G1期细胞数量明显减少（P〈0．05）,G2期细胞数量明显增加（P〈0．05）,S期细胞数量变化不大（P〉0．05）;试验组肉仔鸡法氏囊中Bcl-2蛋白表达量高于对照组且差异显著（P〈0．05）,而caspase-3基因蛋白表达水平与Bcl-2相反,对照组表达量明显高于试验组且差异显著（P〈0．05）。这表明中药制剂对缓解热应激造成的法氏囊细胞凋亡作用可能是通过上调Bcl-2和下调caspase-3基因蛋白表达水平来完成的。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
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Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
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Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664