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1.
棉铃虫抗溴氰菊酯品系选育、生化机理及遗传方式研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
用溴氰菊酯选育抗性水平中等的河北冀县棉铃虫,经5代4次筛选获得一抗性品系(Del—R),抗性倍数由筛选前F_1代的52.8倍上升到筛选后F_5代的585.9倍(与1983年东台敏感品系相比)。利用此抗性品系进行增效剂(PBo、TPP、DEF)的活体增效作用测定和离体的酶活力研究,无论是对田间品系还是实验室选育的抗性品系,PBo对多功能氧化酶(MFO)的抑制作用是明显的,增效比从3.0—16.5不等,DEF、TPP的增效比分别为2.7和1.0。Del—R品系的多功能氧化酶环氧化活力(AE)是敏感品系的1.5倍,而Del—R品系的酯酶活力是敏感品系的1.01倍,因此多功能氧化酶活力增强是棉铃虫对溴氰菊酯产生抗性的原因之一,酯酶和羧酸酯酶在棉铃虫对溴氰菊酯的抗性中无多大作用。采用剂量对数-死亡机率值(LD—P线)分析法,将棉铃虫对溴氰菊酯的抗性品系和室内培育的敏感品系进行正交、反交和回交试验,得到的抗性遗传研究结果表明,棉铃虫对溴氰菊酯的抗性为常染色体多基因不完全显性遗传。 相似文献
2.
为了明确小菜蛾Plutella xylostella对唑虫酰胺的抗性特征,采用生物生化方法测定了江西省5个蔬菜产区小菜蛾田间种群对唑虫酰胺的抗性水平,并研究了小菜蛾唑虫酰胺抗性品系对其它药剂的交互抗性和生化抗性机制。结果显示,分宜县和高安市小菜蛾田间种群对唑虫酰胺尚未产生明显抗性,永丰县、德安县和余江县小菜蛾种群对唑虫酰胺产生了低水平的抗性,抗性倍数为5.20~8.20倍;小菜蛾唑虫酰胺抗性品系对阿维菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟虫双酰胺和茚虫威有中低水平的交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为11.72、3.44、2.77和2.20倍,而对溴虫腈、定虫隆和丁醚脲无交互抗性;增效剂磷酸三苯酯和胡椒基丁醚对小菜蛾唑虫酰胺抗性品系均有显著增效作用,增效倍数分别为3.42倍和2.64倍;唑虫酰胺抗性品系的酯酶和多功能氧化酶活性均显著提高,分别为敏感品系的2.18倍和1.64倍。研究表明,小菜蛾对唑虫酰胺产生抗性可能与酯酶和多功能氧化酶活性的升高有关。 相似文献
3.
通过棉蚜Aphis gossypii吡虫啉和啶虫脒抗性、敏感品系解毒酶活性测定和增效剂试验,明确与抗药性产生密切相关的解毒酶。采用室内生物测定和生化分析方法,研究棉蚜吡虫啉和啶虫脒品系解毒酶活性变化和增效剂的增效作用。解毒酶活性测定表明,棉蚜吡虫啉和啶虫脒抗性品系羧酸酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、细胞色素P450s O-脱乙基比活力都高于敏感品系,其中抗感品系中羧酸酯酶、细胞色素P450-O-脱乙基比活力差异都达到了显著水平(P0.05)。吡虫啉抗性品系三种解毒酶活性分别为敏感品系的3.26倍、1.08倍、1.60倍和1.58倍;啶虫脒抗性品系三种解毒酶活性分别为敏感品系的2.91倍、1.04倍、1.69倍和1.46倍。增效剂磷酸三苯酯(TPP)、增效醚(PBO)、顺丁烯二酸二乙酯(DEM),在吡虫啉敏感品系中的增效比分别为1.12、1.09、0.97,在吡虫啉抗性品系中的增效比分别为2.02、1.75、1.05;在啶虫脒敏感棉蚜品系中的增效比为1.02、1.03、1.02,在啶虫脒抗性棉蚜品系中的增效比为1.77、1.61、1.04。增效剂试验和解毒酶试验表明,酯酶和多功能氧化酶在棉蚜对吡虫啉、啶虫脒的抗性产生中起到了重要的作用。 相似文献
4.
棉铃虫对溴氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯及其复配剂的抗性趋势与交互抗性 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
在70％的高选择压下,分别用溴氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯和凯明2号(50％辛硫磷·甲基对硫磷·三氟氯氰乳油,即含三氟氯氰菊酯的复配药剂)对室内饲养了12代未经农药处理的棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera(H(?)bner)敏感品系进行了抗性筛选。结果,经连续筛选至第12代的LD_(50)值与筛选前第1代的LD_(50)值比较,抗溴氰菊酯种群对溴氰菊酯的抗性为136.7倍,属高抗水平;抗三氟氯氰菊酯种群对三氟氯氰菊酯的抗性为9.5倍,抗凯明2号种群对凯明2号的抗性为3.4倍,均属低抗水平。用8种常用杀虫剂分别对这3个种群在停止上述杀虫剂筛选2代后进行了交互抗性分析。结果表明,3个种群平均对8种杀虫剂的抗性倍数中,对溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、灭多威的抗性极显著高于其余5种杀虫剂;3个种群的平均抗性倍数之间差异极显著,顺序依次为抗溴氰菊酯种群>抗三氟氯氰菊酯种群>抗凯明2号种群;以平均抗性倍数表示的抗性种群与杀虫剂的交互作用有以下几个结果:①高抗溴氰菊酯的种群对氰戊菊酯和灭多威有极显著的交互抗性,但对三氟氯氰菊酯和凯明2号仍反应敏感。②抗三氟氯氰菊酯和抗凯明2号的2个种群对溴氰菊酯有极显著的交互抗性;抗三氟氯氰菊酯种群对灭多威和氰戊菊酯有一定抗性,抗凯明2号种群对硫丹有一定抗性。 相似文献
5.
小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性机制及交互抗性研究 总被引：29，自引：3，他引：29
用叶片药膜法研究了阿维菌素抗性小菜蛾 Plutella xylostella （L.）品系 对常用药剂的交互抗性谱以及增效醚（PB）和磷酸三苯酯（TPP）的增效作用。小菜蛾对阿 维菌素与高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和联苯菊酯等菊酯类药剂间具有比较低的交互 抗性，对后者抗性为3～20倍，对阿维菌素的抗性为575.6倍；对氟虫脲和氟啶脲没有交互抗 性。PB和TPP对阿维菌素分别增效8.2和5.5倍，说明小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性可能与多功能 氧化酶（MFO）和羧酸酯酶有关。通过差光谱技术测定了阿维菌素抗性和敏感小菜蛾细胞色 素P450的含量，抗性品系是敏感品系的1.38倍。 相似文献
6.
4种棉蚜抗药性种群的生命力及繁殖力 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用4种杀虫剂以浸渍法分别累代处理敏感棉蚜,以选育抗药性。每选育4代进行1次毒力测定及生命力和繁殖力的观察。选育至12代,棉蚜对溴氰菊酯的抗性倍数达4031.4倍,对久效磷、灭多威及硫丹的抗性倍数分别仅为6.3、6.1及4.0倍。棉蚜对溴氰菊酯抗性水平较低时,其生命力及繁殖力略低于敏感品系,随着抗性水平的提高,其生命力和繁殖力也随之增强,RF_(8)接近敏感品系的水平,RF_(12)及RF_(16)则明显超过。灭多威及硫丹抗性种群随抗性水平的提高,其生命力及繁殖力表现不同程度的降低。久效磷抗性种群,各抗性水平下其生命力和繁殖力与敏感品系相比无显著差异。 相似文献
7.
利用室内筛选获得的甲氧虫酰肼中等抗性种群(R, 30.57倍)和敏感种群(S),采用浸叶法测定了棉铃虫对12种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性。结果表明抗性种群对虫酰肼产生了13.57倍的中等水平交互抗性;对茚虫威的抗性倍数为3.05倍,无明显交互抗性;而对辛硫磷、毒死蜱、灭多威、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、虫螨腈、虱螨脲、氟啶脲、氟铃脲和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的抗性倍数在0.50 ~2.36倍之间,无交互抗性。试验结果提示,在棉铃虫对甲氧虫酰肼的抗药性治理中,轮换使用与甲氧虫酰肼没有交互抗性的杀虫剂将可有效延缓其抗药性发展。 相似文献
8.
小菜蛾对阿维菌素B_1抗药性选育及交互抗性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用阿维菌素B_1(abamectin)对小菜蛾敏感种群在室内进行抗性品系选育。经过25代连续汰选,获得抗性种群Laba-R,与选育前比较,抗性提高100倍。Laba-R种群在不接触任何药剂条件下饲养20代,抗性逐渐下降,很难恢复到选育前的敏感状态。抗性汰选前后分别测定10种药剂的剂量-死亡率毒力回归线,发现Laba-R抗性种群对乙酰甲胺磷、锐劲特、灭多威、敌敌畏不存在交互抗性;对溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、杀虫双、巴丹和Bt的敏感性略有下降,但无明显交互抗性。活体增效剂试验表明,增效醚(PBO)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对阿维菌素B_1均有明显的增效作用,其中PBO的增效活性尤为显著,它能使对阿维菌素B_1产生100多倍抗药性的小菜蛾完全恢复其敏感性。说明多功能氧化酶解毒代谢增强可能是小菜蛾对阿维菌素B_1产生抗性的主导因素之一。 相似文献
9.
小菜蛾对阿维菌素B1抗药性选育及交互抗性 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用阿维菌素B1（abamectin)对小菜蛾敏感种群在室内进行抗性品系选育。经过25代连续汰选，获得抗性种群Laba-R，与选育前比较，抗性提高100倍，La-ba-R种群在不接触任何药剂条件下饲养20代，抗性逐渐下降，很难恢复到选育前的敏感状态。抗性汰选前后分别测定10种药剂的剂量-死亡率毒力回归线，发现Laba-R抗性种群对乙酰甲胺磷、锐劲特、灭多威、敌敌畏不存在交互抗性；对溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、杀虫双、巴丹和Bt的第三性略有下降，但无明显交互抗性。活性增效剂试验表明，增效醚（PBO）和磷酸三苯酯（TPP）对阿维菌素B1均有明显的增效作用，其中PBO的增效活性尤为显著，它能使对阿维菌素B1产生100多倍抗药性的小菜蛾完全恢复其敏感性，说明多功能氧化酶解毒代谢增强可能是小菜蛾对阿维菌素B1产生抗性的主导因素之一。 相似文献
10.
在室内模拟田间药剂的选择压力,用阿维菌素和甲氰菊酯对朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus 进行逐代处理,以选育其抗药性品系。阿维菌素品系选育至42代,抗性增长到8.7倍,甲氰菊酯品系选育至40代,抗性增长到68.5倍。阿维菌素抗性品系羧酸酯酶(CarE)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)、多功能氧化酶(MFO)的活性分别为敏感品系的2.7、3.4和1.4倍,差异达显著水平。推测3种解毒酶活性显著升高是朱砂叶螨对阿维菌素产生抗性的重要原因。甲氰菊酯抗性品系GSTs的活性为敏感品系的2.8倍,差异显著,表明该抗性品系的形成与GSTs活性增强有关。羧酸酯酶动力学测定结果表明,朱砂叶螨阿维菌素抗性品系体内存在变构的羧酸酯酶。 相似文献
11.
采用浸渍法,在室内用吡虫啉对桃蚜敏感种群进行抗性选育,经过15代的连续汰选,获得抗性指数为14.34倍的抗吡虫啉桃蚜种群。对9种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性测定结果表明,该种群对拟除虫菊酯类如高效氯氟氰菊酯(抗性指数12.76倍)和溴氰菊酯(10.24倍),有机磷类如氧乐果(7.95倍)、辛硫磷(5.44倍)和甲胺磷(5.32倍)以及吡虫啉·高效氯氰菊酯混剂(8.90倍)均产生了不同程度的交互抗性,而对氨基甲酸酯类如灭多威(3.15倍)、有机氯类如硫丹(1.64倍)以及阿维菌素·辛硫磷混剂(2.31倍)等无明显的交互抗性。 相似文献
12.
Cross resistance to juvenile hormone analogues in insecticide-resistant strains of Musca domestica L
Five juvenile hormone analogues (JHAs) were tested by topical application to prepupae of a susceptible (S) and 8 insecticide-resistant (R) strains of the housefly. Activity was measured by the inability to completely emerge from the puparium. Aitosid (isopropyl 11-methoxy-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate) was the most active compound against the S strain (ED50 0.0033 μg/prepupa) followed by Ro 7-9767 [6,7-epoxy-3,7-diethyl-(3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenoxy)-2-cis/trans-octene], R-20458 [trans l-(4-ethylphenoxy)-6,7-epoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octene], sesamex, and NIA 23509 (10,11 -epoxy-N-ethyl-3,7,11-trimethyI-2,6-dodecadienamide). The R strains, designated by the name of the selecting insecticide, have been under pressure for over 10 years and are considered maximally resistant. The dimethoate-R and OMS-15-R (carbamate-resistant) strains exhibited high levels of cross resistance to all JHAs often exceeding 100x at the ED95 The fenthion-R strain showed high cross resistance toward all JHAs except Altosid, toward which it manifested an intermediate level (17.5x). The DDT/lindane-R demonstrated only negligible tolerance to Aitosid but an intermediate response to all the other JHAs. The OMS-12-R strain (phosphoramidothioate-R) exhibited intermediate to high levels of cross resistance toward all JHAs, whereas the parathion-R, Chlorthion-R and a multi-resistant field-collected strain showed only low to intermediate levels of cross resistance. On the basis of known degradative mechanisms of the OMS-15-R strain, mixed function oxidases apparently play an important role in deactivating JHAs. 相似文献
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14.
入侵害虫橘小实蝇严重为害蔬菜、花卉、水果等经济作物,目前在田间常使用杀虫剂进行防治。为探索甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)防控橘小实蝇的抗性风险,采用药膜法测定了橘小实蝇抗甲维盐种群(EB)对8种杀虫剂的交互抗性水平,并测定了橘小实蝇EB种群、金华田间种群(JH)和敏感种群(S)的解毒酶活性。历经33代筛选,橘小实蝇EB种群对甲维盐产生了43.4倍的中等水平抗性,对阿维菌素存在中等水平交互抗性,对吡虫啉、辛硫磷、马拉硫磷存在低水平交互抗性,对噻虫胺、高效氯氟氰菊酯、多杀霉素和虫螨腈未表现出交互抗性。胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、磷酸三苯酯(TPP)和顺丁烯二酸二乙酯(DEM)均可显著提高甲维盐对橘小实蝇EB种群、JH种群和S种群的室内毒力。橘小实蝇EB种群细胞色素P450(3.9倍)和b5含量(3.3倍)、O-脱甲基酶活性(4.2倍)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性(2.7倍)、羧酸酯酶活性(3.2倍)显著高于S种群。多功能氧化酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、羧酸酯酶活性显著增强可能是橘小实蝇对甲维盐产生高水平抗性的重要机制。 相似文献
15.
The changes in the susceptibility of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) to three insecticides (lambda-cyhalothrin, phoxim and endosulfan) commonly used for control of this pest in China were monitored by bioassays at various generations. The insects were originally collected from Bt cotton fields and selected with Cry1Ac over 44 generations. In comparison with a susceptible strain, the larval resistance of the Bt-selected populations to Cry1Ac toxin increased 106-fold. Simultaneously, the resistance levels to lambda-cyhalothrin, phoxim and endosulfan declined dramatically. The results indicated no positive cross-resistance between Cry1Ac toxin and the insecticides. Evidence of the lack of cross-resistance to three commonly used synthetic insecticides in our laboratory-derived Cry1Ac-resistant population may suggest that growers can confidently use these insecticides if and when resistance to Cry1Ac cotton does occur. 相似文献
16.
A fenthion-resistant strain of the house fly (Musca domestica L.) was selected with bioresmethrin resulting in ca. 90-fold resistance to the selecting agent. This strain was subsequently selected with (1R)-trans-permethrin producing ca. 140-fold resistance to this latter insecticide. The permethrin-resistant (147-R) strain was highly cross-resistant to several other pyrethroids and demonstrated resistance to knockdown by these insecticides as well as by DDT. The sensitivity of the central nervous system to four pyrethroids was investigated. The 147-R strain was 2.6-fold less sensitive to (1R)-trans-ethanoresmethrin than the susceptible (NAIDM-S) strain, and >43-fold and >67-fold less sensitive to (1R,S)-cis, trans-tetramethrin and (1R)-trans-permethrin, respectively. It also displayed decreased penetration of (1R,S)-trans-[14C]permethrin when compared to the NAIDM-S strain. Lower nerve sensitivity and decreased cuticular penetration are potential mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroids in house flies in the United States. 相似文献
17.
The mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroids were studied in a permethrin-selected (147-R) strain of the house fly, Musca domestica L. Approximately 12-fold synergism was obtained with a mixture of (1R)-trans-permethrin:piperonyl butoxide (1:5) so that the resistance decreased from 97-fold to 22-fold. Tests with the esterase inhibitor S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate produced very little synergism in either the resistant (R) strain (1.6-fold) or the susceptible (S) strain (1.9-fold). An investigation of the microsomal components revealed that compared to the S strain, the R strain demonstrated twice as much cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5 and double the rate of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activity. In addition, the rate of p-nitroanisole O-demethylation was found to be six times greater in the R strain. An in vivo accumulation study showed that the R strain displayed a decreased rate of penetration of trans-[14C]permethrin. When treated at equitoxic doses the R strain was found to tolerate 50-fold more internal permethrin than the S strain. An in vitro metabolism study indicated that there was no difference between strains in the overall rate of metabolism of trans-[14C]permethrin. The evidence obtained supports the conclusion that several resistance factors are involved but that decreased sensitivity of the nervous system to the action of pyrethroids is the principal mechanism of resistance in the 147-R strain. 相似文献
18.
环渤海湾地区棉铃虫的抗药性水平及成因分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
１９９４～１９９７年测定了环渤海湾地区１６个点２６个棉铃虫种群对三氟氯氰菊酯、辛硫磷和硫丹的抗性水平。对三氟氯氰菊酯的抗性为６５．４３～４４２倍,对辛硫磷的抗性为１０．２８～９０．９３倍,对硫丹的抗性为６．３４～２９．１７倍,地区之间年度内总体上差异不大。对采自辽宁省辽阳市种群的抗性稳定性研究表明,解除农药选择压后棉铃虫的抗药性下降较快,１７代后对三氟氯氰菊酯、辛硫磷和硫丹的抗生水平由２１３．７１ 相似文献