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1.
常用精料干物质和脂肪在瘤胃中降解规律的研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本试验用尼龙袋技术测定了肉牛常用精料玉米、芝麻饼、菜籽粕、豆粕、棉籽粕、油葵粕、棉籽饼、大豆和鸡杂的干物质和脂肪在瘤胃中的降解率。结果表明,４８小时的大豆干物质降解率最高,达９６．８％,其次是大豆粕、玉米和芝麻饼,分别为８９．３％,８９．０％、８８．４％,再次是菜籽粕、棉籽粕和棉籽饼,分别为７９．２％、７８．４％和７７．６％。鸡杂的干物质降解率为６６．５％,在所测定的样品中最低。４８小时的棉籽粕、菜籽粕、大豆和大豆粕的脂肪降解率最高,分别为９８．９％、９８．７％、９８．５％、９６．９％。其次是棉籽饼、芝麻饼、鸡杂、油葵饼和玉米,分别为９３．７％、８９．７％、８８．６％、８８．３％、８３．６％。尽管鸡杂是动物性饲料,但４８小时的脂肪降解率与其它植物性饲料的脂肪降解率差别并不大。 相似文献
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干奶期不仅是一个泌乳期的终结,更重要的是下一个泌乳期的开始。本文就高产奶牛干奶期的饲养管理做了较为详细的阐述。 相似文献
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阿苯达唑干混悬剂驱除绵羊线虫的效力与安全性试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用阿苯达唑干混悬剂按10mg/kg、15mg/kg、20mg/kg剂量驱除绵羊线虫,并设药物对照组和空白对照组。粪检结果:阿苯达唑干混悬剂三个试验剂量组对羊消化道线虫虫卵转阴率分别为83.3%、93.3%和96.7%,减少率分别为95.2%、98.8%和99.9%;对原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率分别为63.3%、83.3%和93.3%,减少率分别为76.1%、87.5%和94.2%。剖检结果:三个剂量组对线虫的总计驱虫率分别为96.9%、98.3%和99.4%。阿苯达唑原料药15mg/kg剂量对羊消化道线虫虫卵转阴率、减少率分别为90%和98.5%,对原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率、减少率分别为83.3%和86.9%,总计驱虫率98.5%。绵羊能耐受80mg/kg剂量。试验证明:阿苯达唑干混悬剂的驱虫活性及安全性与阿苯达唑原料药、片剂等无明显差异,均有良好驱虫效果,临床驱除绵羊线虫使用剂量以15mg/kg为宜,干混悬剂使用方法简便,特别适用于高原牧区,具有推广价值。 相似文献
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不同密度新一之濑桑园,栽植后头5年内,桑叶产量变动在306.4—2625.6公斤·亩~(-1)·年~(-1)之间,净初级生产力变动在8—16吨·公顷~(-1)·年~(-1)之间,收获指数在0.3—0.6之间,光能利用率在0.3—0.7％(以年为基础)和0.4—1％(以生长季节为基础)之间。密植和推迟开剪年份能增加桑叶产量和提高桑园的净初级生产力及光能利用率。密植会降低收获指数,而提早开剪则有增加收获指数的倾向。 相似文献
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无论对奶牛还是奶牛饲养管理者干奶期的饲养管理都很重要,本文从干奶期长短,干奶方法,干奶期奶牛的饲养和管理,干奶期乳房炎和其它代谢疾病的预防和控制等方面介绍了实践中奶牛干奶期应注意的几个要点。 相似文献
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应用新工艺加工果蔬风味鸡蛋干,并对影响硬度、持水性、果蔬味的形成等关键工序及参数进行了研究,得出品质佳、风味独特、营养丰富的高档鸡蛋创新产品,适于工业化生产。 相似文献
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应用伊维菌素干混悬剂,驱除绵羊体内线虫和体外寄生虫。结果:0.2mg/kg体重剂量对消化道主要线虫及网尾线虫的虫卵(幼虫)转阴率、减少率均为100%,原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率和减少率分别为91.3%、91.8%,对线虫的总计驱虫率98.9%:对绵羊颚虱的杀虫率为100%。结果证明:伊维菌素干混悬剂0.2mg/kg剂量一次用药,驱除绵羊主要线虫和虱等寄生虫,高效安全。 相似文献
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Sixty-eight multiparous grazing dairy cows were randomly allocated to two precalving pasture allowances to achieve differential dry matter intakes (DMI) for 29 ± 7.7 d precalving (Low or High DMI; 4.8 or 11.9 kg DM). At calving, cows within each precalving treatment were randomly allocated to one of two levels of feeding (Low or High DMI; 8.6 or 13.5 kg DM) for 35 d postcalving in a completely randomized design and a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Following treatments all cows grazed together and were fed pasture and pasture silage. Daily milk yields were recorded, and fat, protein and lactose concentrations determined weekly for 15 weeks. Blood was sampled weekly pre- and postcalving and analysed for indicators of energy status, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Body condition score (BCS) at calving was reduced by precalving restriction (P < 0.001; 2.8 and 3.0 for precalving Low and High treatment groups, respectively). Precalving restriction reduced milk fat production by 8.4% during the first 5 weeks postcalving, but differences were not significant subsequently. Postcalving feed restriction reduced yield of fat corrected milk (FCM), fat and protein by 23, 21 and 28%, respectively, during the first 5 weeks postcalving. Decreased (P < 0.05) yields of FCM, fat and protein (11, 10 and 9%, respectively) were also evident for 10 weeks after the feed restriction finished. There was a tendency (P < 0.1) for a precalving × postcalving DMI interaction in milk protein yield during the first 5 weeks of lactation with no effect of precalving level of feeding in cows that were restricted postcalving. The plasma concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BOH) and GH were elevated in restricted cows precalving, and IGF-1 concentration was reduced. Plasma NEFA and BOH concentrations were elevated postcalving in restricted cows, but no effect of postcalving DMI on GH or IGF-1 concentration was evident. Results suggest that under grazing systems milk production responses to precalving DMI are small, but energy restrictions in early lactations result in significant carryover effects in milk production. 相似文献
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干法挤压膨化对大豆营养品质及电镜结构变化的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究分析测定干法挤压膨化对大豆营养品质及电镜结构变化的影响。结果表明：大豆膨化前后脂肪酸和蛋白质含量没有显著变化，但脲酶含量下降69．03％（P〈0．01）；膨化全脂大豆中组成蛋白质的17种氨基酸含量有不同程度的增加，蛋氨酸含量由0．16％提高到0．19％，提高15．78％，组氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸分别提高了6．86％、6．74％和6．12％（P〈0．05）；显著提高大豆PUFA的含量，其中18：3提高50．23％（P〈0．01）；膨化全脂大豆油料细胞壁破坏较充分且有明显的油脂聚集现象。 相似文献
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Abstract This investigation, conducted over a three‐year period, emphasized the strong effect of nitrogen fertilization on both hay and seed production. The optimum level of nitrogen, for conditions on the Eastern Highveld being 100–150 kg N/ha applied in spring, followed by subsequent dressings dependent on rainfall. Although the influence of spring burning and stubble height on hay and seed production was not as consistent, both had a strong influence under certain conditions and with more research into their action could become important considerations in management strategies for Eragrostis curvula. 相似文献
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Lauren E. DowlerPaul D. Siciliano PhD Shannon E. Pratt-PhillipsMatthew Poore PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012
Eight mature horses weighing 576 ± 32 kg (mean ± SD) were used to compare differences in pasture dry matter (DM) intake rate in October (period 1), February (period 2), and May (period 3). Horses were randomly assigned to a pair of adjacent 5 m × 5 m grazing cells containing nontoxic, endophyte-infected tall fescue. Horses had access to each cell for 4 hours. Pasture DM intake rate was estimated over the entire 8-hour period by measuring the pre- and postgrazing herbage mass within each cell and was expressed as kg DM/100 kg body weight (BW)/hr. Mean 8-hour DM intake rate in period 1 (0.17 ± 0.01 kg DM/100 kg BW/hr) was greater (P < .001) than for period 2 (0.09 ± 0.01 kg DM/100 kg BW/hr) and period 3 (0.11 ± 0.01 kg DM/100 kg BW/hr), but it was not different (P = .274) between periods 2 and 3. A second experiment using the same eight horses was conducted immediately after the first experiment, within each season, to determine whether the DM intake rates derived from the first experiment could be used along with estimates of maintenance digestible energy (DE) requirements and pasture DE concentrations to predict the amount of grazing time required for a horse to consume only its maintenance DE requirement and maintain zero BW change over a 6-week period. Grazing time necessary to maintain zero BW change was accurately predicted for period 1 only. 相似文献
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根据地上部分干物质（ＤＭ）生产速度，将无芒雀麦的生长分为三个大的阶段：营养生长阶段、繁殖生长阶段和种子在成熟发育阶段。在繁殖生长阶段（约５５ｄ），由于增加了两个在蕴藏状态下的更强的活动中心－茎和花序的生长，ＤＭ积累速度很快，日平均增加２９．４ｇ／ｍ＾２；地上部分总ＤＭ重量与茎和花序的重量保持同步增长，而叶子的重量稳定在４８８ｇ／ｍ＾２（±３２．２）。在茎和花序生长期间，任何过早的放牧或刈割利用都会 相似文献
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伊维菌素干混悬剂驱除猪蛔虫效果与安全性试验 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
应用伊维菌素干混悬剂进行了驱除猪蛔虫的效力及安全性试验。结果：0．3mg/kg b.w剂量对猪蛔虫的虫卵转阴率、虫卵减少率和驱虫率均达100％，猪可耐受1．5mg/kg剂量。试验证明伊维菌素干混悬剂驱除猪蛔虫安全高效，投药方便，成本较低，具有推广前景。 相似文献
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接种物和接种量对厌氧发酵影响很大,尤其是干发酵。本试验在前人研究的基础上,以牛粪的厌氧干发酵为例,在自行设计的反应器上,以产气量为主要指标,考察接种量对干发酵的影响。结果表明:随着接种量的加大,总产气量也在增大,其值分别为:11587mL、11916mL、13060mL、14122mL;但是COD的转化率则相反,分别为:0.544L.g-1COD、0.502L.g-1COD、0.488L.g-1COD、0.509L.g-1COD;TS、VS去处率分别为:21.32%、24.16%、20.99%、19.57%和28.99%、31.1%、30.15%、27.64%。 相似文献
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芬苯达唑干混悬剂对绵羊裸头科绦虫的驱除效力试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用芬苯达唑干混悬剂,分别按5,10,20mg/kg体重剂量驱除绵羊裸头科绦虫,并设吡喹酮片剂20mg/kg体重剂量药物对照组和阳性对照组。粪检结果:芬苯达唑干混悬剂5,10,20mg/kg剂量对裸头科绦虫的粪便虫卵(节片)转阴率分别为70.0%、100.0%和100.0%。用药后14d剖检结果:芬苯达唑干混悬剂5mg/kg体重剂量对莫尼茨绦虫、无卵黄腺绦虫的驱虫率分别为70.7%、63.0%;10、20mg/kg体重剂量的驱虫率均达100.0%。结果表明10mg/kg和20mg/kg体重芬苯达唑干混悬剂试验剂量对绵羊裸头科2属绦虫均有效,其中10mg/kg以上剂量驱除绵羊裸头科绦虫高效安全。 相似文献
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The effects of increased postruminal supply of casein, corn starch, and soybean oil on plasma concentrations of the gastrointestinal hormones ghrelin and oxyntomodulin (OXM) were investigated. Four mid-lactation Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square. Treatments were continuous abomasal infusions (23 h/d) for 7 d of water, soybean oil (500 g/d), corn starch (1100 g/d), or casein (800 g/d). Jugular vein plasma was obtained every 30 min for 7 h on days 1 and 7. Soybean oil and casein infusion decreased preprandial plasma ghrelin concentration by approximately 20% on both d (time-by-treatment P < 0.10); however, dry matter intake (DMI) was depressed only after 7 d of oil infusion. Infusion of soybean oil, corn starch, or casein did not change the plasma OXM concentration (P > 0.20). The present data indicate that plasma ghrelin concentration is depressed immediately before feeding by the postruminal infusion of soybean oil and casein, but it is not affected during the postprandial period. Plasma ghrelin concentration was not altered (P > 0.20), pre- or postfeeding, by increased postruminal supply of corn starch. In addition, plasma OXM concentration did not respond (P > 0.20) to postruminal nutrient infusion. In conclusion, a decrease in DMI when fat is infused could be partially explained by the decrease in prefeeding plasma ghrelin concentration, but a decrease in prefeeding plasma ghrelin concentration is not always associated with a decrease in DMI, as observed for the infusion of casein. Plasma OXM concentration was not affected by postruminal infusion of macronutrients. 相似文献
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磷肥对紫花苜蓿生长和种子产量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以新牧一号紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)为材料,研究不同磷肥水平(P2 O5施用量分别为0(P0),75(P1),150(P2),225(P3),300(P4),400(P5) kg· hm 2)对其相关器官干物质累积、磷肥吸收及种子产量的影响.在现蕾期、开花期和结荚期分取茎、叶及花荚进行常规分析,结果表明:不同施磷水平下苜蓿茎、叶、花荚干物质累积量均表现为P2＞P3＞P1＞P4＞P5＞P0;磷素吸收量在花期P2处理下最大,茎、叶及花荚中磷素吸收量分别为23.94,11.88,8.36 mg·株-1;当施磷肥量为150 kg.hm-2时,单株有效分枝数43个,单株有效花序数123个,单株荚果数为403个,千粒重为1.41g时,种子产量达到最大为464.01kg·hm-2. 相似文献