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1.
番鸭在南京地区进行冬、夏两批饲养,均有较强的适应性。试验结果表明：冬、夏两批饲养的番鸭只平均重量差异不显著（P〉0．05）。夏季与冬季的料重比分别为1：2．62和1：3．07,冬季饲养的鸭子饲料利用率低,料重比大于夏季。冬季在塑料大棚中饲养番鸭精饲料减少1／3,添加青粗饲料能达到同样的增重效果。温度与增重无相关关系,相对湿度与番鸭的增重呈负相关（P〈0．01）。鸭舍内平均温度在11．05℃～30．93℃之间,相对湿度在76．28％以下,番鸭能正常生长发育。环境温度在9．8℃以下,番鸭的生长发育受阻,饲料利用率降低。相．对湿度在77％以上,其增重受到影响。特别在低温高湿的环境中,严重地影响番鸭的生长。在相同的饲养期内,周平均温度9．8℃,平均相对湿度91％,番鸭周平均增重22g,周平均温度27．42℃,平均相对湿度71．29％,番鸭周平均增重355g,相差333g（P〈0．01）。  相似文献   

2.
为研究许昌地区夏季番鸭的生长性能和产蛋性能,选择采用传统饲养管理的番鸭场,测定生长鸭的增重、饲料利用率和产蛋番鸭的产蛋率、平均蛋重。结果显示:试验期生长番鸭平均日增重24.24g,饲料利用率2.93:1;鸭舍平均温度29.10℃,番鸭的产蛋率77.62%。产蛋率的变化趋势与舍内温度的变化趋势基本一致。蛋重范围在70g~71.99g,平均蛋重70.66g。结果表明,番鸭对许昌地区夏季的温度适应性强,生产性能表现正常,值得进一步推广养殖。  相似文献   

3.
选择120头本地饲养的哈白猪随机分为4组,每组设2个重复。4组分别饲喂养0mg/kg、10mg/kg、100mg/kg、1000mg/kg的商品用复合酶制剂。试验结果表明,猪日粮中添加酶制剂,可促进生长和改善饲料利用率。与对照组相比,添加10mg/kg酶制剂组平均日增重提高7．69％（P＜0．05）,饲养利用率提高,4．70％（P＜0．05）,经济效益提高50．76（P＜0．01）;添加100mg/kg酶制剂组平均日增重提高7．69(P<0.05),饲养利用率提高8．39％（P＜0．01）,经济效益提高79．72％（P＜0．01）;添加1000mg/kg酶制剂组平均日增重提高3．08％（P＞0．05）,饲料利用率提高5．70％（P＜0．05）,经济效益提高－10．90％（P＞0．05）。  相似文献   

4.
高米糠粕日粮中添加酶制剂对番鸭生长性能的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
钱利纯  尹兆正 《中国家禽》2005,27(15):14-16
选择22日龄商品代番鸭180只，研究在高米糠粕日粮中添加酶制剂对其生长性能的影响。结果表明：添加0．1％酶制剂使番鸭日增重提高10．83％（P〈0．01），饲料利用率提高10．35％（P〈0．01），肝重率提高16．87％（P〈0．01），腹脂率降低10．38％（P〉0．05）。添加酶制剂有利于番鸭羽毛生长，防止啄羽，试验第2、第3周加酶组啄羽率比对照组均下降50％。  相似文献   

5.
在冬季采用玻璃暖棚（试验组）与普通猪舍（对照组）饲养育肥猪结果表明,试验组比对照组头均多增重4．4kg,差异极显著（P〈0．01）;头均低降料重5．63％,多增收入39．23元。在青海冬季利用玻璃暖棚猪舍养猪,可提高饲料转化率、日增重和经济效益。  相似文献   

6.
在青海冬季采用火墙火炉供热,选用三种不同蛋白质含量的饲料（23％,19％,21％）,分别饲喂三组艾维茵商品代肉鸡,测定其肉鸡的生产性能（体重、日采食量、日增重以及料重比）。试验结果表明：第2组与其他两组在平均日增重,饲料转化率间差异显著（P〈0．05）,而第1组和第3组的平均日增重,饲料转化率间差异不显著（P〉0．05）,以第3组的平均日增重最高,但三组之间的日耗料差异不显著（P〉0．05）,说明蛋白水平19％的饲粮最适合于肉仔鸡增重,经济效益最佳,平均每只增收2．66元。  相似文献   

7.
采用舜大绿色肉鸡颗粒饲料、绿色番鸭颗粒饲料和绿色肉猪饲料分别与相应的普通舜大颗粒饲料在肉鸡、番鸭和肉猪中进行对比饲养试验。结果表明 :绿色肉鸡饲料和普通肉鸡饲料饲喂 AA肉鸡 ,49日龄平均体重分别为 2 .2 6kg和 2 .1 2 kg,料重比分别为 2 .1 4∶ 1和 2 .2 5∶ 1 ;绿色番鸭饲料和两种普通饲料饲喂雌性番鸭 ,65日龄平均体重分别为 2 .41 2 kg、2 .475kg、2 .375kg,料重比分别为 2 .84∶ 1、2 .73∶ 1、2 .85∶ 1 ;绿色肉猪饲料和普通饲料饲喂 30 kg左右肉猪 40 d,肉猪生长期增重 ,分别为 70 2 .5g,和 677.5g,料重比分别为 2 .73∶ 1和 2 .82∶ 1。  相似文献   

8.
不同季节肉鸡的饲养密度   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
平养2808只肉鸡,以每平方米8、10、12、14、16和18只的饲养密度进行冬、夏生产性能的比较。从出雏到育肥结束,冬季平均增重1817克,夏季平均增重1682克。冬季饲养密度对增重没有显著影响,但夏季饲养密度为8—10只鸡的增重(1710—1726克)好于较高密度(12、14、16和18只/m~2)的增重(1610—1696克,P<0.05)。在各密度下,公鸡增重(平均1894克)都高于母鸡(1606克)。群体密度对饲料转化率和死亡率没有显著影响。8周龄公鸡成活97.4%,母鸡成活99.0%(P<0.05)。公鸡冬、夏季饲料转化率指数为2.31和2.38,母鸡冬、春季饲料转化率指数为2.44和2.46。  相似文献   

9.
试验选用1日龄雄性白羽肉杂鸡540羽，平均分成3个处理，每个处理设3个重复，每重复为60羽，用3种不同的处理日粮，代谢能水平分别为：11．92MJ／kg，1255MJ／kg和13．18AJ／kg；粗蛋白水平分别为20％，进行为期5周的饲养试验。试验结果表明：随日粮代谢能水平升高，试验期总耗料量明显下降；在同一蛋白水平下，在一定代谢能水平范围内，随日粮代谢能水平升高，白羽肉杂公鸡的体重增加明显，平均日增重有上升的趋势，料重比明显下降，饲料利用率提高。以最佳日增重及料重比为衡量指标，0～5周龄白羽肉杂鸡适宜的Ⅳ匝为12．55MJ／kg，CP为20％，此时平均日增重23．80g／d、料重比1．68：1，均明显优于其他处理。  相似文献   

10.
为探究华南地区两广小花猪自然通风哺乳猪舍环境及母猪繁殖性能季节性的变化规律,本研究监测了华南地区不同季节1栋哺乳猪舍内外温湿度、二氧化碳浓度及母猪繁殖性能相关指标。结果表明：哺乳猪舍在春季、夏季和秋季平均温度高于27℃、平均相对湿度高于80%;冬季舍内平均温度为24.8℃,平均相对湿度低于80%;冬季舍内二氧化碳浓度最高,日平均值为2 058 mg/m3;夏季断奶窝仔猪数、仔猪断奶窝重和仔猪平均日增重低于其他3个季节(P<0.05),且随着温度和温湿指数的升高而降低(P<0.05)。综上,华南地区采用自然通风舍饲养的两广小花猪哺乳母猪的繁殖性能随舍内温度和温湿度指数的升高而降低。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.  相似文献   

19.
<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.  相似文献   

20.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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