共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
In a large herd of pigs whose piglets suffered from diarrheas coprological examination revealed the great incidence of Isospora suis coccidia in piglets. The first oocysts were found out in seven-day piglets; the highest incidence was observed in twelve-day piglets (65.9%); the time of oocyst elimination (patency) was five to six days. The oocysts appeared in the excrements of piglets two to three days after the diarrhea onset. Individual examinations of piglets demonstrated the correlation between the intensity of clinical signs and the numbers of eliminated oocysts. No oocysts of I. suis were found either in sow excrements or gilt excrements. The I. suis oocysts were diagnosed in the excrements of piglets from first-farrowing sows and in the excrements of piglets from the sows, in the litters of which I. suis had already been demonstrated. Evaluating the therapeutic and preventive effects of the anticoccidic drug amprolium no significant difference was recorded in the I. suis incidence between the medicated group and the control group. 相似文献
2.
Faecal specimens from 162 piglets, aged 1-5 months, from four farms around Harare were examined for coccidia during 1989-1990. Oocyst count per gram (OPG) of faeces was determined by the McMaster technique. Identification of Eimeria species was done after sporulation of oocysts in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. Measurements of sporulated oocysts were taken from 20 positive cases by using calibrated eye micrometer. Overall incidence was 25.3% (41/162) varying between 15 and 39.5% at different farms. The OPG ranged between 150 and 11,300. Eight species of Eimeria were identified, namely, Eimeria debliecki, Eimeria perminuta, Eimeria suis, Eimeria polita, Eimeria neodebliecki, Eimeria porci, Eimeria scabra and Eimeria spinosa, shown in the order of their prevalence. Eimeria debliecki was the most predominant, showing highest oocyst counts in 45% of 20 pigs, followed by E. suis (25%) and E. polita (20%). On two occasions only one Eimeria sp. was found while in the other 18 (90%) cases, mixed infections of two to six species were recorded. 相似文献
3.
重庆市猪球虫病流行病学调查与虫种鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的为了解重庆市猪场球虫感染情况。方法选取重庆市9个县14个猎场作为采样点,对被检猪采用直肠取粪法或采集猪刚排出的新鲜粪便,饱和食盐水漂浮法收集卵囊,镜检观察。对收集到的卵囊进行培养,待其孢子化后进行种类鉴定。结果14个猪场均感染了球虫,球虫的平均感染率为33.83%,阳性率最高的场为76.09%;仔猪感染率为41.87%,后备猪感染率为26.33%,种猪感染率为67.80%。发现8种艾美耳属球虫和1种等孢属球虫,分别是猪艾美耳球虫(检出率13.56%),豚艾美耳球虫(检出率41.59%),有刺艾美耳球虫(检出率12.84%),平滑艾美耳球虫(检出率4.70%),新蒂氏艾美耳球虫(检出率10.49%),蒂氏艾美耳球虫(检出率11.03%),粗糙艾美耳球虫(检出率2.35%),极细艾美耳球虫(检出率3.07%),及猪等孢球虫(检出率0.36%)。结论重庆市猪球虫感染率较高,应加强猪球虫病的防制。 相似文献
4.
The aim of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of coccidian infections in suckling piglets and sows in Poland. The research was carried out in 14 out of 16 Polish provinces in the years 2003-2005. The investigation was conducted on three types of farms: large farms (>100 sows), medium farms (25-100 sows) and small farms (<25 sows). Diarrhoea of unweaned piglets was observed on all the examined farms. Overall, 780 litters of suckling piglets from 104 farms and 267 mother sows were examined. The faeces were analyzed with the modified McMaster method. Isopsora suis was found in 217 (27.8%) litters from 70 (66.7%) farms. Eimeria spp. was detected only in 20 (2.6%) litters from 12 (11.5%) farms. On the large farms I. suis infection was detected in 31.7% of litters whereas Eimeria spp. in 1.4% of them. On the medium sized farms I. suis was found in 18.1% of litters and Eimeria spp. in 0.6%. On the small farms I. suis was detected in only 13.2% of litters, whereas Eimeria spp. in as many as 28.9%. I. suis and Eimeria spp. oocysts were found in 18 (6.7%) and 16 (6%) sows respectively. From 72 sows producing I. suis infected piglets only 12 (16.7%) shed I. suis oocysts and as little as 4 (5.6%) shed Eimeria oocysts. In the remaining 56 sows (77.8%) no cases of coccidian infections were detected. The results of this investigation demonstrate the high prevalence of I. suis in suckling piglets on the large swine farms in Poland. 相似文献
5.
Oocysts of Eimeria spp. were isolated from feces of naturally infected sows by conventional flotation. Saturated sodium chloride solution was superior to zinc chloride, zinc chloride/sodium chloride or sugar solution to isolate oocysts. Seven species, namely Eimeria scabra, E. polita, E. perminuta, E. debliecki, E. suis, E. porci and E. spinosa, were identified. The dimensions of oocysts (n = 4088) and sporocysts (n = 3594) were measured with an image analysis system; colour and shape of oocysts were estimated and transformed to numerical values. Of the 4088 oocysts approximately 99% were allocated to the correct species by algorithms calculated on the basis of these values. Rough-walled oocysts (E. scabra, E. polita, E. perminuta, E. spinosa) could be distinguished without previous sporulation in most cases (>97%). Smooth-walled oocysts require sporulation for further classification and were accurately allocated to species in at least 93% of cases. 相似文献
6.
In a group of conventional and gnotobiotic piglets experimentally infected with the Isospora suis coccidia the quantitative presence of acid and neutral mucous substances in the large intestine and the counts of goblet cells in the surface mucosa and in Lieberkühnis crypts (in the following text called just the crypts) were investigated. In conventional piglets infected with the dose of 200,000 oocysts of I. suis coccidia the lowest content of acid mucous substances was recorded from the eighth to tenth day after infection (DAI). A decrease in the activity of neutral mucous substances was somewhat slower. The lowest count of goblet cells was found on DAI 9, especially on the surface mucosa (4.89 to 4.91 goblet cells per 10 enterocytes). There was observed no difference in the piglets infected the first and fifth day after parturition (DAP). Gnotobiotic piglets infected with the dose of 100,000 oocysts of I. suis coccidia on DAP 1 showed the lowest content of mucous substances in the large intestine from the ninth to tenth day after infection. Unlike the conventional piglets, in gnotobiotic piglets there was recorded a decrease in the content of acid and neutral mucous substances. The gnotobiotic piglets had the lowest counts of goblet cells in the surface mucosa (10:4.57) and in the crypts (10:7.71) on DAI 9. As to the quantitative proportions, in the conventional and gnotobiotic piglets neutral mucous substances prevailed on the other days (DAI 3-7 and DAI 11), similarly like on DAI 8. The results of this investigation revealed a functional disease of the large intestine in conventional and gnotobiotic piglets infected experimentally with the Isospora suis coccidia. 相似文献
7.
A study of diarrhoea in unweaned piglets was carried out in nine herds, with special reference to the enteropathogenic agents which could be demonstrated. Coccidial (Isospora suis) and rotaviral infections were both identified, either singly or in combination. More extensive studies of I suis infection were undertaken in two of the herds and it was found that diarrhoea occurred most commonly in five- to 14-day-old piglets. Piglets with I suis infection were not necessarily diarrhoeic but grew poorly compared to uninfected piglets. I suis infection in litters correlated with oocyst excretion in sows. In herds with I suis infection, amprolium and monensin were used in the sow ration to achieve control, and in one herd oral dosing of piglets with amprolium in the first three or four days of life was carried out. 相似文献
8.
Control of Isospora suis-induced coccidiosis on a swine farm 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Results of a program designed to control neonatal porcine coccidiosis on a total confinement, farrow-to-finish swine farm are reported. The control program consisted of washing, phenol disinfection, and steam cleaning of farrowing houses and treatment of sows with amprolium HCl before and after farrowing. Before initiation of the control program, 88.9% of the sows examined in the farrowing house were negative for coccidian oocysts, 9.9% were positive for Eimeria spp, and 1.2% were positive for Isospora suis. Most pigs nursing on sows before initiation of the control program had diarrhea at 5 to 10 days of age, which led to dehydration and weight loss. Morbidity was high, and mortality was moderate. Composite fecal samples from these litters were all positive (100%) for I suis. After initiation of the control program, 99.6% of the sows examined in the farrowing house were negative for coccidian oocysts and 0.4% were positive for Eimeria spp. Clinical signs of coccidiosis were rarely present in nursing pigs examined after the control program was initiated; however, I suis was still present in 19.8% of the composite fecal samples from pigs examined. An association between oocyst production in sows and I suis infections in pigs was not found in the present study. Oocysts of Eimeria spp were not found in the feces from the pigs. 相似文献
9.
Mycoplasma suis (Eperythrozoon suis) was detected by PCR and Southern blot in 186 pigs (121 sows, 61 piglets and four boars) on four farms in southern Brazil. DNA was extracted from blood samples and a 16S rRNA gene fragment of M suis was amplified by PCR; Southern blot analysis was then performed on all the samples. Twenty-two of the sows (18.2 per cent) were positive by PCR, and 40 (33.1 per cent) were positive by Southern blot; only one piglet and one boar were positive. The packed cell volume and total plasma protein of the pigs and their PCR and Southern blot results were not significantly different on the four farms, but higher proportions of the pigs were positive by Southern blot than by PCR (P<0.05). The packed cell volume and total plasma protein concentrations of the M suis positive and negative sows were not significantly different. 相似文献
10.
Suárez-Luengas L Clavel A Quílez J Goñi-Cepero MP Torres E Sánchez-Acedo C del Cacho E 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,148(3-4):231-235
A total of 142 stool specimens from pigs on 24 farms from the province of Zaragoza (northeastern Spain) were screened for Cryptosporidium spp. Samples were first analysed by routine techniques (formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain) selecting those microscopically positive for genetic characterization. Cryptosporidium species and genotypes were determined by a nested PCR-RFLP technique at the 18S ribosomal DNA locus and sequencing of the PCR-positive secondary products. Cryptosporidium oocysts were microscopically identified in the faeces of 32 pigs (22.5%) from 15 farms (62.5%). Infected animals included 23 weaned piglets (30.7%), 5 fattening pigs (11.9%) and 4 sows (16%). Diarrhoea was not detected in any of the infected pigs. The molecular characterization was successfully performed in 26 samples from 14 farms. Cryptosporidium suis was found in 10 specimens from 7 farms (nine weaned piglets and one sow) and the Cryptosporidium pig genotype II in 16 samples from 10 farms (13 weaned piglets and 3 fattening pigs). Both C. suis and the pig genotype II were concurrently detected on three farms. 相似文献
11.
Isospora suis and Eimeria are frequent coccidian parasites of pigs. The unsporulated oocysts of Eimeria species and of I. suis are difficult to differentiate. Therefore, a species-specific PCR was developed. PCR products were amplified from Eimeria polita, Eimeria porci, and Eimeria scabra using primers from the conserved 18S rRNA regions and were subsequently sequenced. Based on variable sequence regions, primers were constructed for the differentiation of the three Eimeria species and I. suis. Using a combination of PCRs detecting one or two species, all four coccidian species were detected (theoretical lower detection level: DNA content of 250 oocysts of each Eimeria species or 25 oocysts of Isospora in 1microl) and differentiated. The PCR-based differentiation of the above mentioned species provides a useful alternative to microscopy. 相似文献
12.
Alkaline phosphatase activity (EC. 3.1.3.1.) in goblet cells was investigated in the small intestine of 16 gnotobiotic piglets infected one day after delivery (DAD) by different rates of oocysts of Isospora suis coccidia. At a high infection rate of I. suis (750,000) the goblet cells were found to be highly positive to alkaline phosphatase on day 3 to day 4 after infection (DAI). In piglets infected by a low infection rate of I. suis oocysts (100,000) the activity of alkaline phosphatase activity in goblet cells was proved on days 4 to 10 after infection. In the first group of piglets, the positive goblet cells prevailed in the middle region of jejunum, with the peak on 4th DAI. It the second group of piglets a marked increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity was recorded in the goblet cells in the posterior part of jejunum on days 4 to 5 after infection and on 10th DAI. No alkaline phosphatase activity in the goblet cells was demonstrated in the control gnotobiotic piglets at the age of two to seven days. 相似文献
13.
Aliaga-Leyton A Webster E Friendship R Dewey C Vilaça K Peregrine AS 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(2):184-188
An observational study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Isospora suis oocysts in fecal samples from suckling piglets in Ontario, and to evaluate the relationship between the presence of I. suis oocysts and diarrhea. Fifty farms and 709 litters of piglets were included in the study. Oocysts were detected on 70% of farms, with 187 litters infected. A litter of pigs that was positive for oocysts was significantly more likely to exhibit diarrhea than a litter that was negative [odds ratio (OR) = 4.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.8 to 5.8; P < 0.001]. Management and housing factors were examined with respect to risk factors for the presence of I. suis. Farms that did not use a detergent when cleaning farrowing crates were 10-times more likely to be positive for I. suis than those that used a detergent (P = 0.007). It was concluded that coccidiosis is a common problem on Ontario swine farms. 相似文献
14.
At present neonatal coccidiosis caused by Isospora suis is known to be an important disease in piglets. The coccidium I. suis was diagnosed as the causative agent of diarrhoeic disease in piglets on a large pig farm with continuous farrowing operation. The diagnosis of coccidiosis was based on clinical history, gross lesions, histopathology, stained impression smears and aided by detection of oocysts in the faeces. Coccidiosis was associated with diarrhoea in piglets at the age of five to fourteen days. The disease was characterized by variable morbidity and only a portion of the litters was usually affected at one time. The piglets appeared listless, and suffered from yellow watery scours progressing to yellow pasty scours over a three- to five-day period. The lack of response to common antimicrobial therapy, and/or vaccination of sows for E. coli was observed. The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of tortrazuril (Baycox, Bayer) against coccidiosis was evaluated in naturally infected piglets. Tortrazuril at a dose of 20 mg/kg, given perorally to each piglet on days 6 and 8 of age, proved to be efficacious in preventing clinical coccidiosis in piglets. Tortrazuril fully controlled the oocyst output, prevented the development of diarrhoea but not improved the weight gains in three-week-old piglets if compared to the untreated controls. The prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of tortrazuril was compared with another drug--amprolium (Amprovin, MSD). Amprolium at a dose of 100 mg/kg, given perorally to piglets from day 6 to 8 of age, was not efficacious in preventing clinical porcine neonatal coccidiosis. Amprolium reduced the oocyst output, but not prevented the development of diarrhoea. Tortrazuril (Baycox, Bayer) is clearly effective against porcine neonatal coccidiosis caused by I. suis. 相似文献
15.
Epidemiology of porcine neonatal steatorrhoea in Sweden. 1. Prevalence and clinical significance of coccidal and rotaviral infections 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A study of neonatal steatorrhoea in unweaned piglets was carried out in randomly visited herds. Isospora suis and rotavirus were shown to be incriminated in this type of enteric disease and these agents may be considered important enteropathogens for 1-3-week-old piglets in Sweden. More extensive studies of I. suis were undertaken in one large herd. It was found that steatorrhoea may appear in 4-day-old piglets but oocysts were not detected until some days latter. Piglets that were shedding I. suis were not necessarily steatorrhoeic but oocysts were more frequently found in steatorrhoeic faeces than in faeces of normal consistency. The earliest oocyst output was detected at 5 days of age, the average litterage at first appearance being 12.8 +/- 4.0 days. The occurrence of I. suis oocysts in piglets did not correlate with the oocyst output in sows, which almost exclusively included genus Eimeria. Repeated parasitological and virological examination of steatorrhoeic faecal samples from 5-10 litters per herd at an age of 1-3 weeks would be helpful for making a herd diagnosis. 相似文献
16.
Digitalized pictures of oocysts of Eimeria scabra, E. polita, E. debliecki, E. suis, and E. porci were used to develop a program routine that allows semi-automatic interactive classification of porcine Eimeria spp. with a computer-assisted image analysis system. Morphological parameters (shape, color, length and width of oocysts and length and width of sporocysts) were assayed, transformed to color and shape factors and used to calculate classification indices (G1, SP). Thresholds were defined for these indices to allocate oocysts to groups of species and successively to single species. In more than 97% of cases the program routine allocated digitalized oocysts (n = 175) to the respective species. E. suis was always correctly classified. Interactive classification proved to be convenient, fast, precise and largely free of individual bias. 相似文献
17.
Examinations of fecal specimens from swine of all ages maintained in a totally enclosed confinement facility in south Georgia were conducted in a 5-year survey (1977-1981) to determine the prevalence, intensity, and transmission patterns of intestinal nematode and protozoan parasites. Weaned pigs in the nursery had no detectable parasitic infections except sporadic Isospora suis in newly weaned pigs. Growing-finishing hogs had a low prevalence of Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum spp. and Balantidium suis. Mean A. suum prevalence and mean eggs per gram feces (EPG) increased until about 200 days of age and then declined. Oesophagostomum spp. and B. suis prevalence and intensity tended to increase throughout life. Gilts (mean age 273 days) in the gestation unit had a higher (P less than 0.01) prevalence of A. suum and lower (P less than 0.01) prevalences of Oesophagostomum spp. and B. suis than sows (mean age 706 days). Similarly, A. suum EPG was higher (P less than 0.01) and Oesophagostomum spp. EPG and B. suis cysts per gram feces (CPG) were lower (P less than 0.01) in gilts than in sows. No evidence for a peri-parturient increase in parasite eggs or cysts was found. Instead, there was a higher prevalence of B. suis (P less than 0.01) in gestating than in lactating animals and more lactating sows than gestating sows were negative for parasites (P less than 0.01). Apparent differences due to location (gestation unit or farrowing unit) were largely attributable to age differences. Trichuris suis infections were rare and not shown to be established in the herd. Strongyloides ransomi in suckling piglets was controlled by anthelmintic therapy. I. suis occurred in piglets throughout the study but was never found in sows in the farrowing unit, either before or after birth of a subsequently infected litter of piglets. No parasites requiring intermediate hosts occurred. 相似文献
18.
In the small intestine of 16 gnotobiotic piglets infected a day post partum (DPP) by Isospora suis coccidia the activities were studied of selected dehydrogenases and monoaminoxidase (O2 oxidoreductase, MAOx, EC 1.4.3.4.). The following dehydrogenases were investigated: succinate dehydrogenase (SDH, EC 1.3.99.1.), glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (glycerol-3-phosphate:menadion oxidoreductase, GPOX, EC 1.1.99.5.) and tetrazolium oxidoreductase (NADH, ES 1.6.99.3.). The activities of NADH and GPOX were found to decrease, a decrease being somewhat milder in MAOx, at a high infection dose of I. suis oocysts (750,000 oocysts), in comparison with the control, already on the first day after infection (DAI). The SDH levels did not change. In piglets infected by a low infection dose of I. suis oocysts a double marked decrease (negative to slightly positive finding) was recorded in the period from the third to the eighth day after infection (DAI). A similar pattern with a longer time interval between the decreases was observed in GPOX (4th to 11th day after infection). The findings of SDH and MAOx activities were different. The SDH activity is maintained at the same level (++) for the whole period of investigation and there occurs a decrease (+) only on the 9th day after infection, persisting until 11 DAI. The MAOx activity and its change correspond to the SDH activity; the difference being that in the second group the starting level is high ( ) and on the eleventh day after infection it is low or medium (0-++), in comparison with the standard. This variability is discernible from 8th DAI. 相似文献
19.
The modification of flotation method for the examination of diarrhoeic piglet faeces for the detection of Isospora suis oocysts was elaborated. The method was based on removing fractions of fat from the sample of faeces by centrifugation with a 25% Percoll solution. The investigations were carried out in comparison to the McMaster method. From five variants of the Percoll flotation method, the best results were obtained when 2ml of flotation liquid per 1g of faeces were used. The limit of detection in the Percoll flotation method was 160 oocysts per 1g, and was better than with the McMaster method. The efficacy of the modified method was confirmed by results obtained in the examination of the I. suis infected piglets. From all faecal samples, positive samples in the Percoll flotation method were double the results than that of the routine method. Oocysts were first detected by the Percoll flotation method on day 4 post-invasion, i.e. one-day earlier than with the McMaster method. During the experiment (except for 3 days), the extensity of I. suis invasion in the litter examined by the Percoll flotation method was higher than that with the McMaster method. The obtained results show that the modified flotation method with the use of Percoll could be applied in the diagnostics of suckling piglet isosporosis. 相似文献
20.
Prevalence of Streptococcus suis types 1 and 2 in domestic pigs in Australia and New Zealand 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Using an indirect fluorescent antibody test, 54 per cent of 734 palatine tonsils of conventional pigs slaughtered in Australia and New Zealand were found to be infected with Streptococcus suis type 1 and 73 per cent of 959 were infected with S suis type 2. Variations in the prevalence of infection in pigs from different herds were thought to be due to differences in the sample sizes rather than to real differences in the prevalence between herds. The prevalence of infection with S suis was similar in pigs of either sex and in different age groups. Streptococcus suis type 2 was detected in the blood of 3 per cent of apparently normal pigs slaughtered at a meat processing plant. The presence of this organism in edible tissue may pose a health risk to consumers and meat-workers. Both S suis types 1 and 2 were detected in the vaginas and uteri of slaughtered pigs and the female reproductive tract could be another site for the carriage of infection. Piglets from sows with vaginas infected with S suis type 2 became infected earlier than piglets from sows with uninfected vaginas. No infected male reproductive tracts were detected and venereal transmission of S suis therefore appears unlikely. Three specific pathogen free herds were found to be free from infection with both S suis types 1 and 2. It is concluded that hysterectomy derived piglets are delivered free from infection, whereas some piglets born to sows with uterine and vaginal infections are either born infected or become infected at, or soon after, birth. 相似文献