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1.
株高、分枝数及第1分枝高是油菜重要的农艺性状。本研究利用甘蓝型油菜GH06和P174杂交,F2通过单粒法连续自交至F11构建重组自交系群体,利用油菜60K芯片对该群体进行基因分型,构建高密度遗传连锁图谱。结果表明,该图谱包含2795个SNP多态性标记位点,总长1832.9 c M,相邻标记间平均距离为0.66 c M。在此图谱基础上采用复合区间作图法(CIM),检测到3个农艺性状的24个QTL。其中11个株高QTL分别位于A01、A06、A07、A08、A10和C06染色体,单个QTL解释5.00%~15.26%的表型变异;7个第1分枝高QTL分别位于A06、C05和C06染色体,单个QTL解释5.04%~12.99%的表型变异;6个分枝数QTL分别位于A03、A07、C01、C04和C06染色体,单个QTL解释5.95%~8.14%的表型变异。将156个拟南芥株高相关基因、10个拟南芥第1分枝高相关基因和148个拟南芥分枝数相关基因与QTL对应置信区间序列进行同源比较分析(E1E–20),分别找出了20个株高候选基因、3个第1分枝高候选基因以及12个分枝数候选基因。2个环境中在A07染色体上重复检测到的QTL置信区间检测到与株高相关的候选基因ATGID1B/GID1B和WRI1,A08染色体上重复检测到的QTL置信区间检测到SLR/IAA14和AXR2/IAA72个与株高相关的候选基因。在具有部分置信区间重叠的q2013FBH-C05-1和q2014FBH-C05-2区间均检测到第1分枝高候选基因PHT1;8,在A03和C06染色体上的QTL置信区间内,分别检测到4个分枝数候选基因,匹配E值介于0~3E–56之间。  相似文献   

2.
As soybean seed fatty acid content is valued in food, animal feed and some industrial applications, plant breeders continually aim to improve seed fatty acid constituent value. This study analysed 163 original quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to soybean fatty acid content from databases and references and revealed 43 consensus QTLs. Meta‐analysis using BioMercator ver.2.1 indicated that these were located across 16 linkage groups (LGs) excluding LG D1a, LG C1, LG M and LG H. Moreover, the overview method was used to optimize these QTLs based on statistical analysis. Some valid QTL regions were narrowed down to 0.5 Mb and mapped on the same LGs as the meta‐analysis result. Furthermore, the functions of all genes located in these consensus QTL intervals were predicted and eight candidate genes were identified. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that Glyma.13G127900 and Glyma.18G232000 were involved in the fatty acid synthesis metabolic (pathway ID ko00071, ko00062, ko01040). These results lay a foundation for fine mapping of QTLs related to fatty acid content and marker‐assisted breeding in soybean.  相似文献   

3.
大豆株高QTL发育动态分析   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  
应用分子遗传连锁图谱和条件QTL定位方法对性状进行动态分析是发育遗传学新的研究方法。采用来自Charleston ×东农594的143个重组自交系（RILs），构建了一个20条连锁群的大豆分子遗传连锁图谱，以此为基础，采用复合区间作图法共定位了28个显著影响株高发育的非条件QTL，以条件分析方法和复合区间作图法相结合定位了21个影响株高发育的条件QTL。不同发育时期显著影响株高的QTL数目和遗传效应的变化，说明控制株高发育的数量基因位点是选择性表达的。因此，进行标记辅助选择时综合考虑不同发育时期表达的QTL，才能取得较好的效果。  相似文献   

4.
Grain yield is the most important and complicated trait in maize. In this study, a total of 498 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a biparental cross of two elite inbred lines, 178 and P53, were grown in six different environments. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was conducted for three grain yield component traits (100 grain weight, ear weight and kernel weight per plant). Subsequently, meta‐analysis was performed after a comprehensive review of the research on QTL mapping for grain weight (100, 300 and 1000) using BioMercator V4.2. In total, 62 QTLs were identified for 100 grain weight, ear weight and kernel weight per plant in six environments. Forty‐three meta‐QTLs (MQTLs) were detected by meta‐analysis. A total of 13 candidate genes homologous to eight functionally characterized rice genes were found, and four candidate genes were located in the two hot spot regions of MQTL1.5 and MQTL2.3. Our results suggest that the combination of literature collection, meta‐analysis and homologous blast searches can offer abundant information for further fine mapping, marker‐assisted selection (MAS) breeding and map‐based cloning for maize.  相似文献   

5.
Both seed length and seed width are important traits for soybean yield. In the present study, 89 Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of seed length and 65 QTLs of seed width were collected from published papers and our study. QTLs in this study were evaluated by the soymap2, then totally 23 consensus QTLs were located on 17 linkage groups (LGs) through the meta‐analysis. The minimum confidence interval was 0.28 cM and the mean phenotypic variance (R2) was ranged from 5.33% to 23.36%. To optimize these QTLs based on statistic analysis, overview method was further used to narrow down CI, the number of QTLs was narrowed down to 84. Furthermore, 2,750 candidate genes were screened from the consensus QTL intervals by informatics, a total of 37 genes were found to be associated with seed size. All results could lay a foundation for MAS (Molecular Assisted Selection) and gene cloning.  相似文献   

6.
株高和一次有效分枝高度是与甘蓝型油菜结荚层厚度、收获指数紧密关联的重要农艺性状,有关株高的数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)和全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)已有很多报道,但对一次有效分枝高度的QTL和GWAS定位以及候选基因筛选的研究报道较少。本研究利用已构建的高密度遗传连锁图对2016和2017年2个环境的186个株系组成的重组自交系群体株高和一次有效分枝高度及其最佳线性无偏预测(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)值进行QTL定位共检测到8个株高的QTL,分别位于A03、A04和A09染色体,单个QTL解释4.60%~13.29%的表型变异,其中位于A04染色体上的QTL(q-2017PH-A04-2和q-BLUP-PH-A04-2)在2017年和BLUP中均被检测到;检测到9个一次有效分枝高度QTL,分别位于A01、A02、A05、A09、C01和C05染色体上,单个QTL解释5.12%~19.10%的表型变异,其中q-2017BH-A09-1、q-BLUP-BH-A09-2和q-BLUP-BH-A09-3有重叠区段。同时,利用课题组前期完成的588份重测序自然群体进行全基因组关联分析,2年共检测到与株高显著关联的50个SNP位点和与一次有效分枝高度显著关联的12个SNP位点;根据SNP的物理位置,筛选出参与细胞增殖、细胞扩增、细胞周期和细胞壁活动的13个株高候选基因,以及参与赤霉素、亚精胺等合成代谢途径、核糖体组成和在光合、萌发等过程中有一定作用的一次分枝高度的11个候选基因,并利用荧光定量PCR技术验证候选基因在极端材料中的表达情况。本研究结果将为油菜株型改良及后续基因的功能研究提供理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
Traits related to the number of pods and seeds are important yield factors on soybean. The relationships between phenotype and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of these traits may reveal the mechanisms underlying productivity. Our study objectives were to analyse phenotypic correlations, detect stable QTLs and identify candidate genes useful for marker‐assisted selection. Phenotypic analyses revealed that NThSP (number of three‐seeded pods) was positively correlated with NPPP (number of pods per plant) and SNPP (number of seeds per plant). Seventy‐five QTLs were identified based on the mean phenotypic data for at least 2 years. We detected two to 15 and one to three significant QTLs identified at the same location, respectively. Six consensus QTLs associated with at least two NPS‐related (number of pods and seeds related) traits were identified. Two of these were verified in another population. The QTLs for NPPP, SNPP and NThSP formed a consensus QTL cluster on GM02. Another 27 QTLs also formed clusters in five regions. Fifteen candidate genes were mined and discussed. The results will provide more information to soybean breeding.  相似文献   

8.
Seed fatty acid content is an important consideration for soybean produced for food, feed, and industrial applications. In this study, MCScanX was used to analyze the entire soybean genome to generate a collinearity block, which was then used to assess the collinearity among the soybean fatty acid quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the SoyBase database. The hub‐QTLs located in the Gm06, Gm07, and Gm10 segments were identified. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene ontology databases were used to analyze the genes in hub‐QTL regions, resulting in the identification of 17 candidate genes related to soybean fatty acid content. Two lines with different fatty acid contents and a recurrent parent were selected from a chromosome segment substitution line library for a subsequent quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) assay to verify the candidate gene expression patterns. Four genes were related to the total soybean fatty acid content, while three genes were related to the content of specific fatty acid types. The results of this study may be relevant for the fine mapping of soybean fatty acid QTLs/genes.  相似文献   

9.
Oil content of soybean was a valuable quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Eleven QTLs were detected by both CIM and MIM method with the population crossed between Charleston and Dong nong594 in recent 3 years (2007, 2008, 2009). Combining the QTLs collected over the past 20 years, an integrated map of oil-content major QTLs in soybean was established using soymap2, which was published in 2004, as a reference. Using the software BioMercator ver.2.1, QTLs were projected from their own maps onto the reference map. In total, ninety-eight QTLs were integrated into soymap2. A meta-analysis method was used to narrow down the confidence interval, and 20 consensus QTLs and their corresponding markers were obtained. Using a local version of GENSCAN, 10,137 sequences in the consensus QTL intervals were predicted. With BLAST, these predicted genes were compared to the International Protein Index database to mine the related genes. The results offer a basis for gene mining and molecular breeding in soybean.  相似文献   

10.
Genetic Mapping of QTLs for Tissue-Culture Response in Plants   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Summary Plant regeneration from cultured tissues has been shown to be under genetic control in a number of plant species. Using quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping technology, it has become possible to estimate the number of loci controlling genetic variation and to characterize their map position in the genome. With the use of different types of mapping populations such as recombinant inbred lines (RIL), F2 or doubled haploids (DH) it was possible to detect QTLs for tissue culture response (TCR). For the evaluation of TCR numerous parameters describing induction and regeneration steps were applied. However, the lack of consistency with respect to parameters used by different researchers sometimes makes comparisons between QTL studies complicated. Another problem frequently present in works dealing with QTLs for TCR is skewed distributions of the traits used for evaluating tissue culture capability, usually interpreted as the indication of a presence of major genes. The majority of QTL analyses of TCR-traits were conducted with monocots – rice, barley and maize. The number of QTLs detected for a particular characteristic of tissue culture capability ranged from 1 to 8. The percentage of phenotypic variation explained by a single QTL varied from 2.7 to 65.4%, with the values between ca. 6 and ca. 26 % being more common. Determination of molecular markers linked to a QTL of TCR provides valuable tools for biotechnological approaches aimed at improving plant regeneration capability.  相似文献   

11.
用闭合三角形杂交群体检测QTL等位位点差异   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本文简述QTL定位和数量性状分子标记辅助选择的基本原理、基本方法,以及在实际应用中存在的一些问题。将12个不同作图群体构建的刚UP或SSR分子标记连锁图,根据其大多数分子标记所在的染色体节,再按每条染色体在各自连锁图中的相对长度整合在一起,然后将所定位的玉米株高QTL转换成整合图上的相对位置。结果发现,12个作图群体定位的75个玉米株高QTL位点遍布整个染色体组,QTL定位的重演性不高。分析认为,这是数量性状受众多微效多基因控制的必然现象。最后,提出用闭合三角形杂交群体进行QTL定位,检测QTL等位点的多重差异,并设想用这种方法验证或提高不同作图群体定位同一数量性状QTL的重演性。  相似文献   

12.
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13.
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major abiotic stress that limits plant growth and crop productivity throughout the world. In the present study, 184 recombinant inbred line (RIL) families developed from soybean varieties Kefeng No. 1 and Nanong 1138-2 were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with P deficiency tolerance. Seven traits of plant height (HT), weight of fresh shoot (FSW), weight of fresh root (FRW), weight of dry root (DRW), length of main root (RL), phosphorus content in leaf (LP), phosphorus content in root (RP), were used as parameters to assess the phosphorus deficiency tolerance. The QTL mapping for the seven traits was performed using the program WinQTLCart. Seven QTLs were detected and mapped on two linkage groups for three traits of weight of fresh shoot, phosphorus contents in leaf and in root. The QTLs that had LOD scores more than three were detected for all of the three traits above. Most of the QTLs explained more than 10% of the total variation. The two QTLs for phosphorus content in leaf explained more than 20% of the total variation, respectively. Five QTLs were mapped on linkage group F2, and two on linkage F1. It was suggested that the genes related to phosphorus deficiency tolerance located on linkage group F in soybean.Contributed equally to this work.  相似文献   

14.
玉米株高主效QTL qPH3.2精细定位及遗传效应分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
株高是影响玉米产量的重要因子之一, 节间数目和节间长度是导致株高差异的主要因素。本研究发现2个高代回交重组自交系W1和W2株高差异显著(P<0.001), 二者穗上部和穗下部节间数目都相同, 细胞形态分析发现节间细胞长度是引起二者株高差异的主要原因; 外源GA试验结果表明控制株高差异的QTL/基因是GA途径之外的新基因。因此, 利用来源于W1和W2的F2及F2:3家系群体在2年3个环境中将控制株高的主效QTL qPH3.2共定位在第3染色体标记C42-P17之间20 Mb范围内, 最高可解释22.22%的表型变异。进一步利用目标区段重组交换单株及自交后代家系将qPH3.2分解为2个主效QTL qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2; 随后利用目标区段的跨叠系将qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2分别精细定位在YH305-Y72 (2 Mb)及YH112-Y150 (1.6 Mb)之间。本研究的结果为玉米株高的遗传改良提供了真实可靠的遗传位点, 也为后续株高QTL的克隆奠定了良好的工作基础。  相似文献   

15.
Morphological traits for ear leaf are determinant traits influencing plant architecture and drought tolerance in maize. However, the genetic controls of ear leaf architecture traits remain poorly understood under drought stress. Here, we identified 100 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for leaf angle, leaf orientation value, leaf length, leaf width, leaf size and leaf shape value of ear leaf across four populations under drought‐stressed and unstressed conditions, which explained 0.71%–20.62% of phenotypic variation in single watering condition. Forty‐five of the 100 QTLs were identified under water‐stressed conditions, and 29 stable QTLs (sQTLs) were identified under water‐stressed conditions, which could be useful for the genetic improvement of maize drought tolerance via QTL pyramiding. We further integrated 27 independent QTL studies in a meta‐analysis to identify 21 meta‐QTLs (mQTLs). Then, 24 candidate genes controlling leaf architecture traits coincided with 20 corresponding mQTLs. Thus, new/valuable information on quantitative traits has shed some light on the molecular mechanisms responsible for leaf architecture traits affected by watering conditions. Furthermore, alleles for leaf architecture traits provide useful targets for marker‐assisted selection to generate high‐yielding maize varieties.  相似文献   

16.
基于元分析的大豆生育期QTL的整合   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  
共搜集整理了12年来已经报道的与大豆生育期有关的98个QTL,通过BioMercator2.1和公共标记映射整合到大豆公共遗传连锁图谱soymap2上,并利用元分析技术推断QTL位置,计算提取真正有效的QTL。发掘出大豆两个重要生育时期,共9个“真实QTL”及其连锁标记,其中与开花期(R1)相关的有7个,与成熟期(R8)相关的有2个,建立了QTL的一致性图谱,其中L连锁群上的一个定位区间包含一个已发表的有关R1的基因。在5个连锁群上共发现10个控制多个生育时期的QTL。本研究结果为大豆生育期QTL精细定位和基因克隆奠定了基础。  相似文献   

17.
绿豆分子遗传图谱构建及若干农艺性状的QTL定位分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用花叶1号×紫茎1号杂交后代衍生的208个F2家系组建群体,构建含有95个SSR标记位点的遗传连锁图谱,该图谱包含11个连锁群,全长1457.47 c M,标记平均间距为15.34 c M。利用复合区间作图法,对株高、幼茎色、主茎色、生长习性、结荚习性、复叶叶形和成熟叶色等农艺性状进行QTL分析,分别检测到与株高、幼茎色、主茎色、复叶叶形有关的QTL各1个,贡献率在8.49%~66.64%之间;与结荚习性有关的QTL3个,贡献率在60.32%~80.36%之间;与成熟叶色有关QTL 4个,贡献率在69.06%~87.35%之间;与生长习性有关的QTL数量最多,共26个,贡献率在58.32%~99.51%之间。上述QTL主要分布在LG1、LG2、LG4、LG8和LG10连锁群,其中LG1最少,仅检测到生长习性的1个QTL,LG4最多,包含了幼茎色、主茎色、结荚习性、生长习性、复叶叶形、成熟期叶色6个农艺性状的15个QTL;这些QTL既可以应用于绿豆育种的分子标记辅助选择,也对深入研究这些性状的遗传奠定了基础。  相似文献   

18.
Nitrogen (N) deficiency is a major yield‐limiting factor in rice production. The objective of this study was to identify putative QTLs for low‐N stress tolerance of rice, using an advanced backcross population derived from crosses between an indica cultivar ‘93‐11’ and a japonica cultivar ‘Nipponbare’ and genotyped at 250 marker loci. Plant height, maximum root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and plant dry weight under two N conditions and their relative traits were used to evaluate low‐N tolerance at the seedling stage. A total of 44 QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9. Eight intervals on five chromosomes were identified to harbour multiple QTLs, suggesting pleiotropism or multigenic effects according to the contributor of alleles. Some QTL clusters were found in the nearby regions of genes associated with N recycling in rice, indicating that the key N metabolism genes might have effects on the expression of QTLs. Several unique QTLs for relative traits were detected, which suggested the specific genetic basis of relative performance.  相似文献   

19.
本研究以一个蝴蝶兰杂交组合Phal.462×Phal.20后代为材料,测定其后代群体中88个单株的叶长、叶宽和株幅,并基于已构建的AFLP分子连锁图谱,应用区间作图法对调控这3个性状的基因进行了QTL分析。统计分析结果表明,3个性状在群体中呈连续分布,具有数量性状的典型特征,叶长与株幅之间存在极显著正相关。QTL分析结果表明,在父本中共检测到QTL60个,分布于8个连锁群上,包括控制叶长性状的QTL20个,控制叶宽性状19个,控制株幅性状21个;各QTL的LOD值在3.05～14.78之间,可解释44.1%～89.4%的表型变异。在母本中共检测到QTL28个,分布于五个连锁群上,包括控制叶长性状10个,控制叶宽性状8个,控制株幅性状10个;各QTL的LOD值在3.1~9.24之间,可解释57.7%~76.3%的表型变异。这是蝴蝶兰上首个QTL分析研究,可为今后蝴蝶兰的基因克隆与分子标记辅助育种等提供基础。  相似文献   

20.
株高是水稻重要的农艺性状, 往往与产量相关性状密切关联, 在水稻育种中有重要利用价值。本研究以日本晴为受体、缙恢35为供体亲本, 经表型和分子标记双重选择, 鉴定了一个水稻高秆染色体片段代换系Z1377。Z1377共含有18个代换片段, 平均代换长度为2.95 Mb。与日本晴相比, Z1377的株高、倒一节间至倒四节间长、穗长、一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数、粒长、每穗实粒数、总粒数显著增加; 粒宽显著变细, 有效穗数、结实率显著减少, 但仍达86.75%。用日本晴与Z1377杂交构建的次级F2群体共检测到16个相关QTL, 分布于第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7和第9染色体。其中有8个可能与已克隆基因等位, 如GW2、EUI1、ZFP185等, 另8个如qPH3等尚未见报道。Z1377的株高由一个主效QTL (qPH3)和一个微效QTL (qPH5)控制, 其中qPH3的贡献率达28.59%。而且, 在F2群体中, 高秆和矮秆基本呈现双峰分布, 经卡平方测验, 符合3∶1分离比, 表明高秆对矮秆显性, 并主要由qPH3负责。这将为该主效基因的精细定位和克隆奠定基础, 同时为进一步选育含2~3个代换片段的中高优良染色体片段代换系并应用于育种奠定基础。  相似文献   

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