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本文探讨了农林复合经营的意义,分析了德州平原农区林业发展的历史和现状,认为在以生产粮、棉为主的平原农区发展林业,实行农林复合经营是必然趋势;目前已经营造起来的综合防护林体系,是典型的农林复合经营形式。笔者还认为农林复合经营将是地少人多的平原农区农林生产发展的主要方向。 相似文献
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谈平原农区防护林体系的可持续发展性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
平原农区防护林体系和它要适应的农业经营,构成了木本植物与其它成份之间相互作用、相互协调的人工生态系统,是农村复合经营体系的主体。 随着社会的发展,对林业的可持续发展的要求越来越迫切,平原农区防护林体系建设应该充分动员和依靠全社会的力量,促使其持续健康发展。 相似文献
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巴州平原农区林业生产经过多年的努力,特别是近几年的努力,有了突破性的进展,已初步形成了以农田林网为骨架的带、片、点相结合的防护林体系.林业的发展对于改善生态环境、保障农牧业的丰产丰收、增加农民收入、治穷致富、增强农村经济实力诸方面起到了重要作用.今后随着农区人口的增多 相似文献
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重点分析了林业技术推广在生态林业建设中的作用价值,明确认知生态林业建设中对林业技术推广的需求及影响因素,并通过实证逐一验证了各影响因素,通过相关性与回归分析分别确定了林业技术推广在生态林业建设中的作用呈正相关,文化素质、认知程度低、技术推广与林业生产脱节是影响生态林业建设中林业技术推广的主要因素,并提出相关部门应提高重视度,针对这三方面的影响因素,进行完善与优化,从而促进生态林业建设的稳步发展。 相似文献
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我国黄淮海平原农区的林业经过长期曲折的道路,已经有了较大的发展,政府决心把这一地区的林业建设再推向一个新阶段。随着林业的发展,平原农区的林业经营方针问题摆在我们面前急待解决。目前,对于平原农区的林业经营方针问题看法是多种多样的,但主要的有两种,一为农区林业主要是防护林种,其经营方 相似文献
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以灌区农田防护林为研究对象,对灌区2种杨树2种主林带间距防护林内小气候效应进行了研究。结果表明,在200m间距内,新疆杨最大降低风速39.35%,最低降低风速23.10%,平均降低风速33.58%;小美旱杨最大降低风速40.68%,最低降低风速31.92%,平均降低风速36.09%。经方差分析,2种杨树在200m间距内防风效益差异显著,小美旱杨优于新疆杨。从水文效应、热力效应方面分析,无论新疆杨还是小美旱杨,100m主林带间距和200m间距对水文效应和热力效应影响不显著。综合考虑,小美旱杨防护林优于新疆杨防护林,200m间距优于100m间距。 相似文献
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【目的】城市化的快速发展对乡村聚落景观格局和空间分布有深远的影响,但目前对于海岛熔岩台地型的乡村聚落景观研究较少。【方法】应用ENVI遥感影像处理软件和ArcGIS空间分析工具,定量分析海口市羊山地区2008年与2018年乡村聚落规模和格局变化,并选取相关景观格局指数,探究湿地、林地等环境因素对乡村聚落分布的影响。【结果】1)随着时间的演进,羊山地区乡村聚落的形态、数量、规模、分布均发生了改变。2008—2018年乡村聚落斑块数量激增,斑块总面积和斑块密度增加,斑块间的邻近距离和平均斑块面积相对减少。2)对比斑块形状指数发现,整体区域内聚落斑块形状整体趋于规整,其中邻近湿地的聚落斑块更趋于带状、边界更为曲折。3)从空间分布看,2008年和2018年乡村聚落均呈现聚集的格局,且2018年聚集度略高于2008年。4)随着乡村聚落离湿地、林地的距离增加,斑块数量和面积均产生锐减。此外,耕地斑块与道路斑块对羊山地区乡村聚落斑块分布也产生了一定的影响。【结论】目前羊山地区乡村聚落发展现状分为两类:一类为区位优势明显,得到优先发展,但由于缺少科学规划,村落传统风貌和生态环境被破坏;另一类地区较偏远,发展缓慢,许多古村落、古建筑得不到良好的保护而且遗弃。需要政府把握乡村聚落变化发展规律,因地制宜进行新农村规划建设和人居环境治理,引导乡村聚落朝集约化、内涵式方向发展。本研究揭示了海口羊山地区乡村聚落动态变化规律和影响因素,可为城乡协调发展区的聚落景观布局优化、城乡土地空间规划提供一定的参考依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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This study attempts to identify and associate the perceivedforest and rural quality of life values that people hold inrural areas in order to form a basis for improving forest managementdecision-making. The perceived forest and rural values of twodistinct local stakeholder goups are summarized from a surveyundertaken in the rural community of Konitsa. The empiricalevidence suggests that the respondents associate quality ofrural life mainly with the attractiveness of nature and landscapeas well as a sense of community life. In particular, multi-purposeforestry remains not only an issue within the scientific communityand forest policymakers but also is espoused widely by the localcommunity. The analysis identified certain value preferencepatterns between contemporary rural values and major forestvalues; it acknowledged forests as an integrative part of people'sinteraction with the living conditions in Konitsa. The natureof these preference patterns shows that there may be opportunitiesfor enhancing forest contributions to rural development whichevolve from a purely productive-based practice into a styleof forestry to improve environmental public goods, strengthencommunity stability, create amenity forests, and enhance thequality of life in the broader sense. Local forest decision-makersshould consider not only the socio-economic environment or thedynamic of the area but also the perceived standard of livingin the area. The study observed the dissonance between currentforest practices and local expectations. It implies that anintegrated and ecosystem-based forest strategy should be adoptedto evaluate more accurately the contributions of forestry tolocal demands and rural well-being, be open and democratic andlay claim to involvement at the local level. 相似文献
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在乌兰布和沙漠的东北缘选取了8种防护林配置模式的土壤作为试验样地,通过对所采集土样的室内分析,得出各配置模式的pH值、有机质含量、全量养分(N,P,K)含量以及速效养分(N,P,K)含量等土壤化学指标数值,根据这些数据分析了8种防护林对农田土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:8行的3箭杆杨+2新疆杨+3箭杆杨、8行的小美旱杨及4行的1榆树+2旱柳+1榆树的配置模式对土壤肥力有较为明显的改良,其中,作用最为突出的是8行的3箭杆杨+2新疆杨+3箭杆杨配置模式,碱解氮和速效钾比旷野提高了417%和138%;改良作用最弱的两种配置模式为8行的4旱柳+4小美旱杨和2行加杨,其水平与旷野地相当。 相似文献
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浅析森林旅游在新农村建设中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新农村建设要解决的根本问题是提高农民生活水平和改善农村生活环境,而这除了需要国家的政策和财力支持外,关键在于农村经济自身的发展.森林旅游地周边农村由于土地与人口的约束,仅依靠农业无法达到新农村建设目标,森林旅游业作为第三产业的重要组成部分和朝阳产业,有利于其周边农民增收和就业,是该区域新农村建设的重要途径.分析了森林旅游在实现新农村建设"生产发展、生活宽裕、乡风文明、村容整洁、管理民主"几个目标中的作用,并就目前存在的问题提出了相应的对策. 相似文献
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《Forest Policy and Economics》2000,1(3-4):267-281
The importance of commercial non-timber forest products (NTFPs) to the livelihood strategies of rural collectors in Nepal is increasingly recognised. This paper provides suggestions for improving rural collectors’ possibilities for income generation. The formation and implementation of NTFP policies in Nepal is examined by investigating the area of interactions between policy formation, choice and implementation of forest policy tools within the ‘new political economy’ approach, and suggestions are subsequently evaluated within the found practical political context. The study is based on approximately 400 interviews carried out with some 1000 stakeholders in the period 1992–1998. Following a qualitative research strategy hypotheses are formulated on the basis of patterns emerging from the data collected. The main stakeholders in NTFP collection and trade are identified to be: rural collectors and traders; local level politicians; lower level government staff; high level politicians; conservation-oriented institutions; and development oriented institutions. The objectives and influence of these stakeholders on the non-timber sector are identified and proposals for change are discussed in the light of distribution of objectives and power. It is hypothesised that NTFP policy formation, implementation and the field reality are weakly connected: implemented policy tools do not correspond to the aims of formulated policies, and field reality is not regulated in the envisioned direction by policy tools. This situation is explained by the fact that stakeholders at different levels of the policy hierarchy can influence their own level only. It is further hypothesised that a number of changes in forest legislation and regulations can have immediate and powerful effects on rural livelihoods of collectors. Taking into account the present political situation such changes may not be introduced from within the decision making process and, therefore, the view is put forward that pressure from outside the forestry sector is needed to bring about significant changes in favour of rural collectors. 相似文献
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“三农”问题的本质特征是贫穷、困难和落后问题。相对城市、平原农村而言,山区农民更穷,山区农村更困难,山区农业更落后。山区多数是林区,林农穷、林区困、林业弱更加凸显。占国土面积69％,占全国总人口／56％,占全国耕地面积40％,并拥有绝大部分森林林地的山区林区的贫困落后状况决定了山区林区在我国“三农”工作中的突出地位和瓶颈地位。立足解除山区贫困,实施“向山区倾斜政策”,把社会主义新农村建设的重心移向山区,把工业反哺农业,城市支持农村和多予少取放活的方针全面落实到山区林区是破解“三农”问题的重要路径。笔者提出了振兴山区林区的十项举措。 相似文献
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指出了丽江是一个多民族聚居的地区,民族文化绚烂多姿,纳西族、摩梭人、傈僳族等各具特色的饮食、民族服饰、民俗活动、传统节日等都是丰富的乡村旅游资源。但是,目前丽江乡村旅游总体还存在发展不平衡、旅游产品单一、商业化严重等问题,乡村旅游发展处在亚健康状态。通过分析丽江乡村旅游现状存在问题,结合游客参与周边乡村旅游意愿,乡村旅游发展的新业态,探索性地提出了一些新的发展思路和发展方式。 相似文献
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The history of the woodlands on the igneous rocks of the NorthCheviot Hills is briefly reviewed, and site factors are described.The chief silvicultural problem is selection of species, particularlyon steep exposed hills, and details of performance of variousspecies in this area and on similar Scottish sites are given.The relationship of forestry to existing grazing agricultureis discussed, and there is a good case for further extensiveafforestation on economic grounds. This need not conflict withthe use of the area as a National Park. Forestry has an importantsociological role, in halting rural depopulation. 相似文献