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1.
应用硫酸镁矫治柑桔缺镁的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用硫酸镁矫治柑桔缺镁的研究陈燕杨碧光陈光铭胡启灿（福建省三明市农科所沙县３６５５０９）闽西北山地土壤呈酸性，镁易被淋溶，柑桔缺镁相当普遍。据我们在本地区若干个果园对温州蜜柑、柑、福桔、雪柑等７４个样品叶镁营养的普查结果，镁缺乏（镁含量０．２５％以... 相似文献
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叶面施用硫酸镁矫治柑桔缺镁症的效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究提高硫酸镁叶面矫治柑桔缺镁症的效果,以硝酸镁为对照,进行了硫酸镁安全浓度、矫治效果以及添加表面活性剂与ZnO增效剂的试验.结果表明,提高硫酸镁施用浓度能有效地提高缺镁症矫治效果,叶片Mg含量增加值(△Mg,％)在硫酸镁试验浓度(C％,以MgSO4·7H2O计)范围内呈近指数增长:△Mg=0.0044672C2.C2112.98(F=72.09,P＜0.0001,C取值范围为[2,5]).镁离子浓度相同的硫酸镁和硝酸镁溶液处理后,两者柑桔叶片气孔开闭状况无差异;硫酸镁溶液中添加0.33‰表面活性剂或0.1％ ZnO对其矫治效果的影响不显著.在试验样株处于缺氮与严重缺镁状态下,叶面施用硝酸镁后叶片N含量变化与NO3-浓度无关,排除NO3-、Mg2+浓度(偏因子)影响,矫治处理叶片N含量增加值与其基础含N量呈极显著偏相关(r=-0.622 3,P=0.0026),即叶片基础含N量越低,矫治处理后叶片N含量增幅越大;矫治处理叶片S含量增加值与施用SO42-浓度无关,却与叶片Mg含量增加值呈极显著相关(r=0.6467,P=0.0009).硫酸镁叶面矫治柑桔缺镁症推荐浓度:萌芽至幼果期≤5％,矫治效果与2％硝酸镁相当;其他生长季≤8％,冬季10％. 相似文献
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不同产量金丝小枣园土壤和叶片氮磷钾含量的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文对４８个不同产量金丝小枣园的叶片和土壤氮、磷、钾含量进行了分析测定。结果表明，产量高低与叶片含氮量成正相关．初步确定出金丝小枣氨素营养诊断指标，即叶片含氮量低于２．３０％时为缺乏， ２．６２％时为潜在缺乏， ２．８０％左右时为适量．叶片氮、磷和钾的适量范围（％）分别为２．７９±０．１７、０．１６０±０．０１６和１．７９±０．２９。在三类园中，土壤全氮、水解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均随土层深度增加而降低．相同土层，从低产到高产园，全氮和速效磷呈增加趋势。 相似文献
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蓝光和红光对菊花生长和开花的影响 总被引：39，自引：3，他引：36
蓝光光质下培育的菊花比自然光下培育的菊花叶绿素含量、净光合速率、叶片氨基酸总量、糖类含量分别提高２４．６％、３９．７％、３２．０％、８．９％。蓝光光质有利于菊花茎叶生长和侧枝产生,形成丰满株形,并能提前花期１２ｄ。 相似文献
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缺镁对菜薹光合作用特性的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
研究了缺镁对菜薹光合作用特性的影响, 结果表明, 菜薹叶片净光合速率( Pn) 、气孔导度和蒸腾速率的日变化均呈单峰曲线变化, 且均随缺镁程度的加大而降低, 缺镁还使Pn的高峰提早出现; 缺镁降低了叶片的光补偿点、光饱和点和饱和光强下的Pn max; 缺镁使叶片的CO2 补偿点提高, CO2 饱和点下降(Mg 1 mmol·L - 1 ) 或提高(Mg 0) , 饱和CO2 下的Pn max下降。菜薹叶片细胞间隙CO2 浓度的日变化、对光强和外界CO2 浓度的响应受缺镁处理的影响很小, 表明缺镁菜薹光合作用主要是受非气孔限制。 相似文献
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琯溪蜜柚叶片黄化与缺镁的关系及叶面补镁的矫治效果 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《果树学报》2021,(8)
【目的】探究琯溪蜜柚叶片黄化与营养元素丰缺的关系并进行矫正,为生产上制定合理施肥措施提供科学依据。【方法】采集了38个有代表性的琯溪蜜柚果园的不同黄化程度的叶片,研究5个黄化等级(等级为0、1、2、3和4,分别对应对照绿叶、约25%、50%、75%和100%黄化面积)的蜜柚叶片的SPAD值和营养元素浓度的变化;并进一步研究叶面补镁(叶面喷施2%七水硫酸镁)对蜜柚叶片黄化的矫治效果。【结果】随着黄化等级的增加,蜜柚叶片的SPAD值显著降低。蜜柚叶片氮浓度、磷浓度、钙浓度和硼浓度随着叶片黄化程度加剧而降低,其中黄化等级为3～4时的叶片氮浓度低于适宜范围,而不同黄化等级的叶片磷浓度、钙浓度和硼浓度均处于适宜范围(除了黄化等级为4时的叶片硼浓度低于适宜范围)。随着黄化等级的增加,蜜柚叶片的镁浓度随之显著降低,黄化等级为1时的叶片镁浓度较对照绿叶降低了44%,而且黄化等级为1～4的叶片镁浓度均低于适宜范围。相反,蜜柚叶片的钾浓度、铁浓度和锰浓度随着黄化等级的增加而提高,但是不同黄化等级之间的铜浓度和锌浓度均差异不显著,同时叶片的锌浓度有低于适宜范围风险。相关性分析可知,蜜柚叶片的SPAD值与叶片镁浓度(r=0.819)、氮浓度(r=0.763)、磷浓度(r=0.600)、钙浓度(r=0.476)和硼浓度(r=0.378)显著正相关,而与钾浓度(r=-0.570)、铁浓度(r=-0.495)和锰浓度(r=-0.198)显著负相关。通径分析和随机森林分析表明镁对蜜柚叶片SPAD值影响最大,其次是氮和钾。叶面喷施硫酸镁后蜜柚叶片的镁浓度和SPAD值显著提高,而叶片的钾浓度显著降低。【结论】蜜柚叶片黄化主要与缺镁有关,叶面补镁可以改善蜜柚叶片营养,缓解叶片黄化症状。 相似文献
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无核黄皮叶片镁硼的周年变化对其产量和品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测定广东郁南无核黄皮叶片镁硼养分的变化动态,对其与产量和品质的相关性进行分析。结果表明,在传统氮磷钾施肥方式下,无核黄皮叶片镁硼养分含量在不同物候期之间存在显著的差异。在整个年度周期中,叶片镁、硼浓度对果实产量和品质的影响较大。除秋梢期外,其相关性均达到显著水平,而且开花期叶片镁浓度与果实产量的相关性最高。由此可知,在整个生育期中,叶片中镁营养与产量具有显著正相关性。镁与可溶性固形物浓度呈负相关;硼与可溶性糖浓度呈正相关;镁、硼与维生素C浓度呈负相关。镁、硼与柠檬酸浓度呈正相关。初步确定3月即无核黄皮的始花期作为营养诊断最佳采样时期,同时施用镁硼肥能够提高无核黄皮产量和改善品质。 相似文献
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黄河故道地区果园土壤和叶片营养特点研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
系统分析了河南省黄河故道地区砂土,淤土,两合土苹果园土壤和叶片营养状况,结果表明;（１）故道地区苹果丰产园土壤有机质含量为１．０１％;一般园只有０．５％～０．７％,其中砂土园最低,淤土园居中,两合土园稍高;（２）土壤矿质营养是富钾缺磷,全氮低,速效氮高,微量元素有效性差。一般果园速效Ｐ,有效Ｆｅ,有效Ｚｎ和有效Ｂ含量显著低于丰产园,分别为丰产园的６９．９％,５０．５％,８７．０％和５５．２％是该类 相似文献
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高产素是含有硼、锌、锰、钼、铜、铁、镁和螯合剂的微量元素肥料。１９９０—１９９２年，对巨峰葡萄每年喷施高产素１—３次，处理树比对照树的叶片增重３．２％—７．９％，叶片增厚５．６％—８．１％，主蔓径粗增大０．０１—０．１５ｃｍ，母蔓径粗增大０．０５—０．３１ｃｍ，坐果率提高２．９—３．２个百分点，果穗增重４．３％—２０．５％，３ａ（年）平均株产增长１１．６％—１７．０％，果实可溶性固形物含量增加０．２—２．５个百分点。叶面喷施高产素的投入与产出比为１：１０９．４，经济效益明显。 相似文献
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以1年生枳砧纽荷尔脐橙为材料进行盆栽沙培,观察缺镁植株叶脉肿裂与叶片黄化症状的进程,测定不同枝梢叶片相对叶绿素和镁硼元素含量,探讨缺镁对纽荷尔脐橙叶脉肿裂、叶片黄化的影响。结果显示,第3个月时缺镁组2龄秋梢叶出现叶脉肿裂、叶片黄化的症状,而且随着时间延长症状加重;第3个月时对照组和缺镁组1龄春夏梢叶的叶色无明显差异,在第4个月时缺镁组出现明显黄化症状。第3个月时缺镁组各枝梢叶的相对叶绿素含量均显著降低,并且下降幅度随着时间延长而明显增大。第4个月时缺镁组和对照组的硼含量均处于高量水平,而缺镁组各枝梢叶镁含量均处于严重缺乏水平。表明,缺镁不仅会导致纽荷尔脐橙叶片黄化,也会导致叶脉肿裂。 相似文献
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通过石英砂培法,研究了堇叶山梅花幼苗在缺N、P、K、Ca、Mg条件下的缺素症状及生理变化情况。结果表明:在N素缺乏时最先表现出叶边缘有黄色斑点症状;K素缺乏处理15 d表现生长良好,但处理后期40 d左右最先出现缺素焦枯现象,说明该植物前期需钾肥相对较少;缺Ca处理的堇叶山梅花新叶先表现出轻微失绿,有的叶尖干枯且呈螺旋形,其它4种元素亏缺的植株均是老叶先表现症状;N、P、K、Ca、Mg 5种营养元素缺乏的植株叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量均低于全素(CK)处理,该研究结果可作为堇叶山梅花苗期营养诊断的依据。 相似文献
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柑橘叶脉开裂症与矿质营养的关系 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
柑橘叶脉开裂症属于多病因的病症,缺Mg或缺B均可导致发病。对‘纽荷尔’脐橙[Citrus sinensis（L.）Osbeck‘Newhall’]的缺Mg叶脉开裂症病株,在生长季4月采用1.0%硝酸镁叶面喷施矫治2 ~ 3次,可有效降低病叶发生。通过福建柑橘产区普查,由缺Mg引起叶脉开裂症占86.2%,其次为B与Mg共同缺乏,缺B仅占2.3%。不同品种缺Mg叶脉开裂的感病顺序为：纽荷尔脐橙＞琯溪蜜柚,其它发病品种还有金柑、早熟温州蜜柑、瓯柑。采用易感品种纽荷尔脐橙与抗性品种椪柑互为中间砧高接比对发现,纽荷尔脐橙对Mg和B的吸收能力低于椪柑,对K的吸收高于椪柑,这可能是纽荷尔脐橙易患叶脉开裂症的原因。缺Mg和缺B病症的最显著的区别为,缺Mg叶脉开裂多位于叶片顶部“∧”形黄化部位;缺B叶脉开裂症病叶呈绿色不黄化;Mg、B缺乏症的病叶主脉和侧脉明显开裂与全叶黄化,或叶脉开裂达基部“∧”形绿色区域。 相似文献
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Olive plants (Olea europaea cultivar ‘Chondrolia Chalkidikis’) were grown in perlite: sand (1 : 1) cultures irrigated with nutrient solutions widely varying in magnesium (Mg) levels. When calcium (Ca) concentration in solution was 4 mM, maximum fresh weight (Fw) was produced with 0.4–2 mM Mg. Above 2 mM Mg in solution, fresh weight yield declined. The ratio of in solution for optimum vegetative growth of olive trees was 2.Ca concentration of leaves and roots fell consistently with increasing Mg concentration in solution from 0.005 to 20 mM. When the concentration of Ca was 0.5 mM, an increase of Mg in solution from 3 to 20 mM did not further reduce Ca content of tissue. Mg concentration of leaves and roots increased, but not in proportion to the increase of Mg in the nutrient solution. An increase of Mg in solution from 2 to 10 mM was followed by a proportional increase of manganese (Mn) content of leaves. Above 10 mM Mg, a plateau in Mn concentration was reached.The zinc (Zn) content of leaves and roots was increased when Mg in solution increased up to 0.2 mM, then was reduced in the range 0.2–2 mM Mg and remained constant between 2 and 20 mM Mg. Other elements like copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) were not affected by increasing Mg concentration in solution. 相似文献
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This study examines the effects of nitrogen (N), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and molybdenum (Mo) deficiencies on the eco-physiological, biochemical and growth characteristics of pistachio seedlings (Pistacia vera) in sand culture situation. This experiment, which was carried out in Iran's Pistachio Research Institute (IPRI), seedlings of ‘Badami-e-Zarand’ were used as common rootstock. The following treatments were employed: (1) complete Hoagland's nutrient solution; nutrient solution lacking either: (2) N, (3) Fe, (4) Mg, (5) Mn, (6) Mo, (7) distilled water without Hoagland's solution (Control), (8) Fe–N, (9) Fe–Mn and (10) Fe–Mo. The main deficiency symptoms observed after 7 months of planting were; leaf discoloration, necrosis, scorching, defoliation and stunted growth. Seedlings that received complete nutrient solution were healthy with dark green foliage. Visual symptoms of N-deficient seedlings also coincided with the reduction in foliar levels of the concerned element. Shoot and root growth of the seedlings deficient in nutrients were also affected. Changes in shoot and root biomasses production due to treatments were statistically significant at 1% level. A reduction in height, leaf area and leaf number was noticed for various levels of nutrient element deficiencies. Analysis of some biochemical indices (chlorophyll content) and eco-physiological indices such as primary florescence chlorophyll (Fo), ratio of variable chlorophyll to maximum (Fv/Fm), leaf temperature, transpiration, stomata conduction and resistance of stomata, showed that fractions of chlorophyll, transpiration, stomata conduction and resistant of stomata in treated seedlings, particularly N-deficient seedlings, declined significantly. Chlorophyll (Fo) and ratio of variable chlorophyll to maximum (Fv/Fm) were significant at 5% level. The effects of Fe, Mn, Mg and Mo on dry matter production were statistically significant at 1% level. Synergic effects of certain elements were also evident in the present study. The typical symptoms of deficiencies of various nutrient elements can be used as a guideline for diagnosing nutrient deficiencies of pistachio in commercial nurseries and plantations. The present study also showed multi-deficiency of nutrients, produces new symptom in leaves, which differs from single deficiencies. 相似文献
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Dimitrios Savvas Golgen Bahar Öztekin Mahmut Tepecik Andreas Ropokis Yuksel Tüzel Georgia Ntatsi 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(3):294-302
Tomato plants (cv. Primadonna F1), non-grafted, self-grafted, or grafted onto the commercial rootstocks ‘He-man’ and ‘Maxifort’, were grown in recirculating nutrient solution. The uptake concentrations (UCs), i.e. mean nutrient-to-water uptake ratios of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and B, were estimated based either on depletion from the nutrient solution or on accumulation in the plant biomass. Grafting onto both commercial rootstocks increased the total plant biomass. Hetero-grafting also increased the leaf N, Ca, and Cu concentrations but decreased those of Mg and Fe in comparison with self- and non-grafted plants. The mean UCs of N, Ca, and Cu were higher in plants grafted onto both commercial rootstocks in comparison with self- and non-grafted plants. However, hetero-grafting also raised the UCs of P, Fe, Mn, and B, because of an increased deposition of these nutrients to the roots in comparison with self-rooted plants. The method used to estimate the UCs, i.e. nutrient removal from the recirculating nutrient solution vs. nutrient recovery from plant biomass per volume unit of transpired water, resulted in similar values for N, Ca, Zn, and Cu, but had a significant impact on those of P, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, and B. 相似文献
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通过蒜青施肥试验,研究了硼钼镁不同施肥水平对蒜青产量和养分吸收的影响。结果表明:合理施用硼钼镁能够提高蒜青的产量和经济效益;当B、Mg、Mo施用量分别为0.03、0.016、0.3kg/667m2时,效益最好,增幅分别为:8.68%、10.12%、1.83%;施硼促进蒜青可食部分及全株对N、K和B的吸收;施钼提高可食部分及全株对N的吸收,降低对P、K的吸收,同时降低了不可食部分对于N、P、K的吸收;施镁可以提高可食部分及全株对N和Mg的吸收,降低对P的吸收,施镁降低蒜青不可食部分对N、P、K的吸收,少量施镁促进蒜青对K的吸收,大量施用抑制蒜青对K的吸收。 相似文献
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利用双T-DNA载体系统获得无选择标记转基因菊花的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为获得具有无选择标记的转基因菊花,构建了一个双T-DNA超级双元载体pCAMBIA1301-gus,其中一个T-DNA结构域中含有选择标记基因hpt,另一个T-DNA结构域中含有目的基因gus,而且两个T-DNA结构顺序相连,中间没有其他插入序列。利用农杆菌介导转化菊花幼嫩茎尖薄层细胞,共获得506个抗性植株,通过PCR和Southern杂交检测表明共转化率为38.4%,对其中17个同时整合了hpt和gus基因的植株自交获得的T1代株系进行检测,发现约有15.8%的T1代植株中不含选择标记基因hpt,结果表明双T-DNA载体系统能有效地用于培育无选择标记转基因植物。 相似文献
20.
Regulation of K uptake, water uptake, and growth of tomato during K starvation and recovery 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In order to analyze the dynamics of growth, water and K uptake, the effects of 1, 3 and 7 days of potassium starvation and the recovery capability during 7 days afterwards were investigated in vegetative tomato plants. After 7 days of K starvation, plant dry matter was reduced by 36% compared to control plants. After 3 days of starvation plants showed a 15% reduction in dry matter and a 25% reduction in growth rate (not statistically significant). K starvation reduced leaf area and specific leaf area (SLA) and it increased leaf dry matter percentage. K starvation enhanced dry matter partitioning into the roots at the expense of the stem. Plant K concentration was reduced by K starvation with the strongest effect in the leaves and roots. When a 3-day K starvation period was followed by 7 days of recovery with full strength nutrient solution, growth and plant K concentration completely recovered, but not after 7 days of K starvation. Xylem sap flow was reduced by K starvation and after 7 days of starvation the K concentration in the sap was reduced by 60%. During the starvation period, the reduction in relative growth rate was linearly related to the plant K concentration. The critical potassium concentration in the plant (the K concentration at which relative growth rate was reduced by 10%) was determined according to the nutrient interruption technique. The critical concentration was 4.3% K which was reached after 2.5 days of K starvation while the potassium concentration of control plants was 6.3%. During recovery the dry matter growth rate seemed to be the most important factor determining K uptake. 相似文献