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1.
菜豆萎蔫病菌的种子检验鉴定技术研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究对我国一类检疫性有害生物菜豆萎蔫病菌Ｃｕｒｔｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｆｌａｃｃｕｍｆａ－ｃｉｅｎｓｐｖ．ｆｌａｃｕｍｆａｃｉｅｎｓ（Ｃｆ）进行种子检测鉴定技术的研究，发现５２３，ＮＢＹ＋ＴＴＣ和ＮＢＹ＋刚果红三种培养基均可作为分离培养基；对带菌种子分离的灵敏度为１．８×１０２ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ，病叶柄和茎是分离的最佳部位，病菌可通过种子传给种苗引起种苗发病，发病时间为７～２０天，针刺接种是Ｃｆ最有效的接种方法，接种发病率为１００％。使用标准化的Ｂｉｏｌｏｇ鉴定系统鉴定病原，在种水平的鉴定准确率达９８．５％。 相似文献
2.
免疫荧光技术和固相酶联免疫吸附法检测稻细条病菌的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
比较免疫荧光技术和固相酶联免疫吸附法对稻细条病菌的检测灵敏度，前者为１０＾３ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ，后者为１０＾４ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ。通过与５属９种常见病原细菌和１１株来自不同地区的稻细条病菌的反应，二者均未发生交叉反应，表现出较好的特异性。对１８份不同带菌材料的检测结果：ＩＦＴ法检出符合率的６６．６７％，ＥＬＩＳＡ法检出符合率为３３．３３％，相比而言，在定性检测方面ＩＦＴ是比ＥＬＩＳＡ操作更简便，更灵敏的快速检 相似文献
3.
豆科植物萎蔫病最初是由Ｆ．Ｈｅｄｇｅｓ（１９２２）报道的。当时发现美国南达科他州食用干白豆上有萎蔫病的发生,属维管束病害,同时伴随失绿、矮化等现象和产量的下降。其病原物最初定名为萎蔫细菌（Ｂａｃ－ｔｅｒｉｕｍｆｌａｃｕｍｆａｃｉｅｎｓ）。到１９４２年... 相似文献
4.
抑菌圈－定殖力双重测定法筛选青枯病生防细菌 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本研究首先用平皿抑菌圈法筛选出５５个拮抗青枯菌的细菌菌株，将番茄幼苗在各菌菌悬液中浸根１２ｈ后栽种于温室未灭菌的土壤中，结果发现，有２２个菌株在幼苗根部的定殖能力较强（终定殖密度大于１０４ｃｆｕ／ｇ根），其中革兰氏阴性土壤细菌占同类菌的８６．３％，革兰氏阳性土壤细菌占同类菌的１３．０％，１０个无致病力产细菌素的青枯菌菌株在根部的终定殖密度均低于１０４ｃｆｕ／ｇ根，其定殖能力弱于致病青枯菌。有１７个拮抗菌菌株在番茄幼苗根部的定殖密度超过所有致病菌。温室生防结果证明，抑菌圈－定殖力双重测定法对于筛选生防菌株是一种行之有效的方法 相似文献
5.
中华卵索线虫感染棉铃虫试验陈果（中国农业科学院生物防治研究所，北京１０００８１）ＩＮＦＥＣＴＩＮＧＴＲＩＡＬＳＯＦＯＶＯＭＥＲＭＩＳＳＩＮＥＮＳＩＳＴＯＣＯＴＴＯＮＢＯＬＬＷＯＲＭＣＨＥＮＧｕｏ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＢｉｏｌｏｏｉｃａｌＣｏｎｔｒｏ... 相似文献
6.
从日本进境大豆种子中检出大豆疫病菌 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
从日本进境大豆种子中检出大豆疫病菌高秀兰种焱李文利陈洪俊（北京动植物检疫局１０００２９）１９９７年１月７日，在国际邮件交换局截留的１袋大豆种子中（４个品种，７１０ｇ），检查出了大豆疫病菌Ｐｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａｍｅｇａｐｅｒｍａ（Ｄｒｅｃｈｓ．）ｆ．... 相似文献
7.
奈李根癌病的发生和防治／刘达凤（江西农业大学植保系３３００４５）∥江西植保－１９９４（２）－２９奈李根癌病Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｔｕｍｅｆａｃｉｅｎｓ（ＳｍｉｔｈｃｔＴｏｗｎｓ）Ｃｏｎｎ主要为害根部、根颈部、嫁接口处，严重时也为害茎杆。初期病部发... 相似文献
8.
近几年，国内市场进口了大量农药，由于部分人对进口农药中的符号弄不明白，经常出现因用药量过大而发生烧苗及用药浓度太低而达不到治虫目的的现象。这里将目前常见的进口农药符号作一简单介绍．供使用时查阅参考。（１）Ｋｇ／ｈａ──公斤／公顷；（２）Ｐｓ──外涂种子的农药；（３）ｆｓ──拌种用胶悬剂；（４）ｌｓ──种子处理用溶液；（５）ＳＳ──种子处理用水溶性粉剂；（６）ＩＣ──致死浓度；（７）ＩＤＫ──致死剂量；（８）ＦＯ──微粉剂；（９）ＤＰ──粉剂；（１0）ＥＣ──乳油；（1ｌ）ＯＬ──油剂；（１２）ＭＡ… 相似文献
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10.
番茄环斑病毒单克隆抗体细胞株的建立及检测方法的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用纯化的番茄环斑病毒（ＴｍＲＳＶ）免痊Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小白鼠，取脾细胞与ＳＰ２／０骨髓瘤细胞融合。筛选出６株分泌ＴｍＲＳＶ单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）杂交瘤细胞株。抗体免疫球旦白分属于１ｇＧ２ａ，ＩｇＧ３和１ｇＭ。用免疫电镜诱捕法检测，６个ＭｃＡｂ与加拿大分离物反应均为阳性，其中ＣＥ３，ＣＧ８，９Ｇ９不与西德分离物反应。属于１ｇＧ３的单抗具有与Ａ旦白结合的特性。 相似文献
11.
利用BIOLOG鉴定系统快速鉴定菜豆萎蔫病菌的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本研究利用美国Biolog公司生产的MicroStationTM V3.5系统对我国一类危险性病害菜豆萎蔫病菌及其相关菌进行了快速鉴定研究。研究结果表明,来自不同国家和寄主的24株菜豆萎蔫病菌及其相关致病变种,23株准确鉴定至种水平,其中13株鉴定至致病变种水平,种水平的鉴定准确率为95.8%,另外1株至属水平。同时2株苜蓿萎蔫病菌和2株番茄溃疡病菌均鉴定至致病变种水平。经聚类分析研究,结果支持了对格兰氏阳性植病细菌在属、种水平的分类。本研究是首次使用该系统对格兰氏阳性植病细菌进行鉴定研究,试验证明Biolog鉴定系统用于快速鉴定菜豆萎蔫病菌是一个很有用的工具,且由于其标准化程度高、快速准确,符合我国口岸植物检疫的要求。 相似文献
12.
13.
落葵上发现短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)一个新的致病变种 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
1994年在江苏省南京及镇江地区新发现了落葵细菌性叶斑病,从病斑所分离的10个细菌菌株经柯赫氏法则验证,均确系该病的病原菌。采用形态观察、表型特征和生理生化特性测定、数值分析、血清学反应、细胞化学成分分析和DNAG+C mol%测定进行了鉴定,并与植物病原棒形细菌15个标准菌株进行了比较。该病原菌为革兰氏阳性细菌,不规则短杆状,有一根鞭毛,亚极生或侧生,结合其生理生化特性、细胞化学成分和DNAG+C mol%测定结果,认为应属于短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)的萎蔫短小杆菌(Cur.flaccumfaciens),数值分析也支持这一结论。此外,据血清学反应结果及其对短小杆菌属的其它植物寄主的致病情况,认为该病原菌应是萎蔫短小杆菌种下一个新的致病变种,定名为Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv.basellae pv.nov.(萎蔫短小杆菌落葵致病变种)。 相似文献
14.
引起糖甜菜细菌性叶斑病的萎蔫短小杆菌新致病变种 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
1995年在内蒙古临河市新发现了糖甜菜细菌性叶斑病,从病斑所分离的10个细菌菌株经柯赫氏法则验证,均确系该病的病原菌。采用形态观察、表型特征和生理生化特性测定、数值分析、血清学反应、细胞化学成分分析、DNA G+C mol%和DNA-DNA同源性测定进行了鉴定,并与植物病原棒形细菌15个标准菌株进行了比较。该病原菌为革兰氏阳性细菌,不规则短杆状,有一根鞭毛、亚极生或侧生,结合其生理生化特性、细胞化学成分和DNA G+C mol%和DNA-DNA同源性测定结果,认为应属于短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)的萎蔫短小杆菌(Cur. flaccumfaciens),数值分析也支持这一结论。此外,据血清学反应结果及其对短小杆菌属的其它植物寄主的致病情况,认为该病原菌应是萎蔫短小杆菌种下的一个新的致病变种,定名为Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. beticola pv. nov. Chen et al.,2000(萎蔫短小杆菌糖甜菜致病变种)。 相似文献
15.
Fifteen species of dermestid beetles were recorded at ‘Evolution Canyon’ (EC), Lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, Israel. They
represent ~35% of known Israeli dermestid species. The following three species were recorded for the first time in Israel:Trogoderma svriaca Dalla Torre, 1911;Ctesias svriaca Ganglbauer, 1904; andAnthrenus (s.str.) jordaniens Pic, 1934. Adults of 13 species were collected on the more solar radiated, warmer and climatically more fluctuating south-facing
slope (SFS); ten species were collected on the opposite, north-facing slope (NFS), which was cooler and climatically more
stable. The abundance of adult dermestid beetles was 1.9 times higher on the SFS than on the NFS (86 and 47, respectively).
Species richness and abundance distribution at EC (three collecting stations on each slope and one at the valley bottom) were
significantly negatively correlated with the plant cover that consisted of trees and bushes (Spearmanr
s
,P=0.007 and 0.039, respectively) and perennials (Spearmanr
s
,P=0.039 and 0.077, respectively), indicating that non-woody plants were preferred by adult dermestid beetles. 相似文献
16.
Sergio Ovruski Martín Aluja John Sivinski Robert Wharton 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》2000,5(2):81-107
We first discuss the diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of the Neotropics. Even though the emphasis is on Anastrepha parasitoids, we also review all the information available on parasitoids attacking flies in the genera Ceratitis, Rhagoletis, Rhagoletotrypeta, Toxotrypana and Zonosemata. We center our analysis in parasitoid guilds, parasitoid assemblage size and fly host profiles. We also discuss distribution patterns and the taxonomic status of all known Anastrepha parasitoids. We follow by providing a historical overview of biological control of pestiferous tephritids in Latin American and Florida (U.S.A.) and by analyzing the success or failure of classical and augmentative biological control programs implemented to date in these regions. We also discuss the lack of success of introductions of exotic fruit fly parasitoids in various Latin American countries. We finish by discussing the most pressing needs related to fruit fly biological control (classical, augmentative, and conservation modalities) in areas of the Neotropics where fruit fly populations severely restrict the development of commercial fruit growing. We also address the need for much more intensive research on the bioecology of native fruit fly parasitoids. 相似文献
17.
Paul W. J. Taylor Rebecca Ford 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,119(1):127-133
Molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed to differentiate the Ascochyta pathogens that infect cool season food and feed legumes, as well as to improve the sensitivity of detecting latent infection
in plant tissues. A seed sampling technique was developed to detect a 1% level of infection by Ascochyta rabiei in commercial chickpea seed. The Ascochyta pathogens were shown to be genetically diverse in countries where the pathogen and host have coexisted for a long time. However,
where the pathogen was recently introduced, such as A. rabiei to Australia, the level of diversity remained relatively low, even as the pathogen spread to all chickpea-growing areas.
Pathogenic variability of A. rabiei and Ascochyta pinodes pathogens in chickpea and field pea respectively, appears to be quantitative, where measures of disease severity were based
on aggressiveness (quantitative level of infection) rather than on true qualitative virulence. In contrast, qualitative differences
in pathogenicity in lentil and faba bean genotypes indicated the existence of pathotypes of Ascochyta lentis and Ascochyta fabae. Therefore, reports of pathotype discrimination based on quantitative differences in pathogenicity in a set of specific genotypes
is questionable for several of the ascochyta-legume pathosystems such as A. rabiei and A. pinodes. This is not surprising since host resistance to these pathogens has been reported to be mainly quantitative, making it difficult
for the pathogen to overcome specific resistance genes and form pathotypes. For robust pathogenicity assessment, there needs
to be consistency in selection of differential host genotypes, screening conditions and disease evaluation techniques for
each of the Ascochyta sp. in legume-growing countries throughout the world. Nevertheless, knowledge of pathotype diversity and aggressiveness within
populations is important in the selection of resistant genotypes. 相似文献
18.
Epidemiology of Toxigenic Fungi and their Associated Mycotoxins for Some Mediterranean Crops 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Antonio Logrieco Antonio Bottalico Giuseppina Mulé Antonio Moretti Giancarlo Perrone 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(7):645-667
Recent data on the epidemiology of the common mycotoxigenic species of Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium in infected or colonized plants, and in stored or processed plant products from the Mediterranean area are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the toxigenicity of the causal fungal species and the natural occurrence of well known mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, patulin, Alternaria-toxins and moniliformin), as well as some more recently described compounds (fusaproliferin, beauvericin) whose toxigenic potential is not yet well understood. Several Fusarium species reported from throughout the Mediterranean area are responsible of the formation of mycotoxins in infected plants and in plant products, including: Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. cerealis, F. avenaceum, F. sporotrichioides and F. poae, which produce deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, fusarenone, zearalenone, moniliformin, and T-2 toxin derivatives in wheat and other small grains affected by head blight or scab, and in maize affected by red ear rot. Moreover, strains of F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans, that form fumonisins, beauvericin, fusaproliferin, and moniliformin, are commonly associated with maize affected by ear rot. Fumonisins, were also associated with Fusarium crown and root rot of asparagus and Fusarium endosepsis of figs, caused primarily by F. proliferatum. Toxigenic A. alternata strains and associated tenuazonic acid and alternariols were commonly found in black mould of tomato, black rot of olive and citrus, black point of small cereals, and black mould of several vegetables. Toxigenic strains of A. carbonarius and ochratoxin A were often found associated with black rot of grapes, whereas toxigenic strains of A. flavus and/or P. verrucosum, forming aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, respectively, were found in moulded plant products from small cereals, peanuts, figs, pea, oilseed rape, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, pistachios, and almonds. Finally, toxigenic strains of P. expansum and patulin were frequently found in apple, pear and other fresh fruits affected by blue mould rot, as well as in derived juices and jams. 相似文献
19.
《干旱区科学》2014,(6):782-782
正Journal of Arid Land(JAL)is an international journal(ISSN 1674-6767;CN 65-1278/K)for the natural sciences,sponsored by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press.It is published by Science Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg bimonthly.JAL publishes original,innovative,and integrative research from arid and semiarid regions,ad 相似文献