共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(4)
本试验旨在探讨青海省玉树州高寒草甸草地天然放牧场不同月份(7月-12月)牧草营养价值动态变化。选取当地典型的放牧草场从2017年7月-2017年12月的每月中旬跟踪放牧牦牛模拟采集可食性牧草,并采用常规营养成分测定和体外发酵技术,进行48 h体外发酵产气量(GP)、体外干物质消失率(IVDMD)及发酵液相关指标的测定,综合评价每个月份牧草的营养价值,为当地放牧草场牧草价值提供基础数据。结果表明,牧草中粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、灰分(Ash)、中性洗涤可溶物(NDS)含量、消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME)及IVDMD在7、8月与其他月份均有极显著差异(P0.01),在11月、12月处于较低值,而中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和半纤维素(HC)的含量在11、12月均极显著高于其他月份,在7、8月处于较低值。发酵液pH、氨态氮(NH_3-N)浓度在不同月份的牧草之间无显著差异(P0.05),GP、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量均随牧草营养品质的变化而变化,不同月份之间存在显著差异(P0.05),7、8月份牧草体外发酵液的GP、戊酸含量均极显著高于其他月份(P0.01),11月份均极显著低于其他月份(P0.01)。发酵液TVFA含量在不同月份之间无显著差异(P0.05),但7、9月份偏高。综上所述,当地典型高寒草甸草场的牧草在7、8月份营养品质优良,10-12月份牧草营养品质偏低,不能满足牦牛的营养需要,故建议牧民在枯黄期对牦牛进行精准补饲,合理利用草场资源。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在探讨青海省玉树州高寒草甸草地天然放牧场不同月份（7月－12月）牧草营养价值动态变化。选取当地典型的放牧草场从2017年7月－2017年12月的每月中旬跟踪放牧牦牛模拟采集可食性牧草,并采用常规营养成分测定和体外发酵技术,进行48 h体外发酵产气量（GP）、体外干物质消失率（IVDMD）及发酵液相关指标的测定,综合评价每个月份牧草的营养价值,为当地放牧草场牧草价值提供基础数据。结果表明,牧草中粗蛋白质（CP）、粗脂肪（EE）、灰分（Ash）、中性洗涤可溶物（NDS）含量、消化能（DE）和代谢能（ME）及IVDMD在7、8月与其他月份均有极显著差异（P < 0.01）,在11月、12月处于较低值,而中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和半纤维素（HC）的含量在11、12月均极显著高于其他月份,在7、8月处于较低值。发酵液pH、氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度在不同月份的牧草之间无显著差异（P > 0.05）,GP、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量均随牧草营养品质的变化而变化,不同月份之间存在显著差异（P < 0.05）,7、8月份牧草体外发酵液的GP、戊酸含量均极显著高于其他月份（P < 0.01）,11月份均极显著低于其他月份（P < 0.01）。发酵液TVFA含量在不同月份之间无显著差异（P > 0.05）,但7、9月份偏高。综上所述,当地典型高寒草甸草场的牧草在7、8月份营养品质优良,10－12月份牧草营养品质偏低,不能满足牦牛的营养需要,故建议牧民在枯黄期对牦牛进行精准补饲,合理利用草场资源。 相似文献
3.
为更好地了解青藏高原高寒草甸区暖季放牧条件下人工草地牧草的生长特点,为制定合理放牧制度提供依据,于2001~2003年开展了暖季放牧牦牛对多年生人工草地影响的试验。结果表明:放牧2年后轮牧人工草地播种牧草比例为95.27%,连续放牧人工草地为86.15%,无放牧人工草地为58.01%。轮牧人工草地牧草月风干重最高值3 198.8 kg/hm2,连续放牧人工草地为3 023.2 kg/hm2。放牧可以提高人工草地牧草生长率,轮牧人工草地的牧草生长率高于连续放牧人工草地。放牧还影响着第2年播种牧草的生长,轮牧能促进种子出苗数,播种牧草的鲜重,风干重和种子产量分别达到了5 088.88 kg/hm2,3 053.33 kg/hm2和480 kg/hm2,均高于连续放牧人工草地和无放牧草地,轮牧人工草地杂草鲜草产量最低,为193.33 kg/hm2。适宜的放牧是保持人工草地可持续利用的手段之一。 相似文献
4.
采用体外发酵法对玛曲县高寒草甸、沼泽化草甸、灌丛草地及山地草甸天然混合牧草青草期、返青前期和枯黄期的消失率和营养成分进行测定,旨在探讨玛曲县高寒草甸、沼泽化草甸、灌丛草地及山地草甸天然混合牧草不同生育期营养品质的变化,为不同草地类型及不同时期草地放牧家畜合理利用提供基础数据。结果表明,生育期对玛曲天然草地牧草干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、总能(GE)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、NDF消失率、OM消失率和DM消失率有显著性影响(P 0.05),对粗灰分(Ash)无显著影响(P0.05);草地类型对玛曲天然牧草的NDF、 Ash、 GE、 ADF消失率和OM消失率均有显著影响(P 0.05);生育期×草地类型交互作用对DM、CP、NDF、ADF、GE、Ca、P、NDF消失率和OM消失率均有显著影响(P 0.05)。研究结果显示,玛曲县天然牧草营养品质发育变化差异较大。 相似文献
5.
玛多县高山嵩草草地天然牧草营养评定与载畜量研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究选用3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的5岁大通牦牛为瘤胃液供体动物,采用体外产气法和概略养分分析法,评定三江源区玛多县高山嵩草草地型天然牧草营养价值,并计算该草地类型草地载畜量,为本地区确定适宜载畜量提供参考.研究结果表明:(1)常规营养成分中粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、水分、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)的含量分别为9.45±0.18%、3.13±0.11%、28.19±0.31%、7.07±0.08%、4.82±0.05%、0.21±0.03%、0.21±0.01%;(2)体外评定:120h产气量为75.97±1.34 ml,牧草降解率(DMD)为75.59±4.17 %,24h估测消化能(DM)、代谢能(ME)、有机物质消化率(OMD)分别为11.18±0.30MJ/kg、10.28±0.27MJ、64.70±0.77%;(3)草地数量载畜量约为78万个羊单位;营养载畜量DCP和ME载畜量分别为147万个羊单位、110万个羊单位;(4)最适载畜量为78万个羊单位,即2.27个羊单位/hm2. 相似文献
6.
为研究青蒿提取物对牦牛瘤胃液体外培养青藏高原高寒草甸四期牧草体外发酵及甲烷产量的影响,选取3头健康、年龄相近的瘘管牦牛为瘤胃液供体,采用体外产气法,全年四期牧草作为发酵底物,每期牧草分别添加0%、0.25%、0.5%、1.0%和2.0%的青蒿提取物,筛选最佳添加量。结果显示,青蒿提取物可在一定程度上增加不同期牧草体外发酵的累积产气量,显著增加慢速降解部分产气量和潜在产气量,并有改善牦牛瘤胃发酵的作用,促进短链脂肪酸(SCFA)生成,提高有机物质消化率(OMD),增加代谢能(ME)和泌乳净能(NEL)(P0.05);在维持瘤胃正常发酵的条件下,青蒿提取物作为甲烷抑制剂在枯草期、返青期、青草期、枯黄期的适宜添加量分别为0.5%、2.0%、1.0%、0.25%。当返青期添加0.5%时抑制效果最佳。 相似文献
7.
《草业科学》2015,(10)
为了更为精确地确定三江源区玉树州主要草地类型之一——藏嵩草(Kobresia tibetica)草地的载畜量,本研究选用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的5岁大通牦牛作为试验动物,采用体外产气法和概略养分分析法,评定了玉树州藏嵩草草地类型天然牧草营养价值,结合该地区的产草量,核定数量载畜量和营养载畜量。研究表明,1)藏嵩草草地天然牧草鲜草产量为1 272 g·m-2,风干草样为349.04 g·m-2,可食牧草产量为341.29 g·m-2;2)藏嵩草草地牧草中粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)含量分别为10.16%、2.26%、34.07%、4.76%、0.31%、0.11%;3)藏嵩草草地牧草体外产气评定得出,120 h估测有机物质消化率(DOM)、体外干物质消化率(IVDMD)、消化能(DE)、代谢能(ME)分别为81.21%、62.67%、10.33 MJ·kg-1、9.16 MJ·kg-1,体外发酵后瘤胃液氨氮(NH3-N)浓度为7.72 mg·d L-1,p H为6.65,体外培养过程中,产气速率变化曲线呈现单峰形(20―28 h)。4)数量载畜量约为1 411万个羊单位(合8.44个羊单位·hm-2),营养载畜量中可消化粗蛋白(DCP)和ME载畜量分别为2 202万个羊单位(合13.16个羊单位·hm-2)和2 051万个羊单位(合12.26个羊单位·hm-2)。 相似文献
8.
《中国草地学报》2017,(6)
为研究海拔高度对西藏山地灌丛草地营养物质消化率的影响,采集拉萨河谷海拔4000m、4300m、4600m、4900m、5100m山地灌丛草地优势牧草样品,采用两级体外消化法测定干物质、粗蛋白质和纤维组分的体外消化率。结果表明,海拔高度不同优势牧草的消化率不同,喜马拉雅草沙蚕的干物质消化率最高,白尖苔草次之,高山嵩草、丝颖针茅、雪层杜鹃及樱草杜鹃最低(P0.01);高山嵩草的粗蛋白质、中性和酸性洗涤纤维消化率显著高于雪层杜鹃、樱草杜鹃(P0.01)。随着海拔高度增加,体外干物质消化率持续下降,而体外粗蛋白质、中性和酸性洗涤纤维消化率呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势。说明在青藏高原山地草地放牧管理中,应按照海拔高度进行梯次利用。 相似文献
9.
本文旨在通过化学分析和活体外人工瘤胃产气法测定西藏高寒草地冷暖季牧草的化学成分和产气量,研究西藏高寒草地牧草对牦牛的营养价值及养分可提供量。采用单因子试验设计,试验处理为4种采自当雄和那曲的暖季牧草和冷季牧草,分别记为当雄暖季牧草、当雄冷季牧草、那曲暖季牧草和那曲冷季牧草。人工瘤胃产气法的瘤胃液供体动物为3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的大通牦牛。结果表明:4种牧草间粗脂肪(EE)、酸性洗涤木质素和酸洗剂不溶蛋白(ADICP)含量均无显著差异(P>0.05),但干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗纤维(CF)、粗灰分(Ash)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中洗剂不溶蛋白(NDICP)含量均有显著差异(P<0.05)。无论是来源于当雄还是那曲,暖季牧草的DM、CP、Ash和NDICP含量均显著高于冷季牧草(P<0.05),而CF、NDF和ADF含量显著低于冷季牧草(P<0.05),表明暖季牧草的营养价值高于冷季牧草。西藏高寒草地每公顷暖季牧草的干草、OM、CP、总消化养分(TDN)和代谢能(ME)产量分别为629.7 kg、519.9 kg、111.9 kg、354.1 kg和5 666.4 MJ;每公顷冷季牧草的干草、OM、CP、TDN和ME产量分别为3 001.6 kg、2 547.9 kg、432.9 kg、1 709.3 kg和25 542.0 M J。根据西藏全区高寒草地面积和每公顷牧草营养物质产量,估测出全区干草、OM、CP、TDN和ME年产总量分别为1 899.9万t、1 591.5万t、304.7万t、1 075.4万t和1 661.5亿MJ。全区高寒草地每年提供给家畜采食的牧草量可以满足2 814.7万个绵羊单位的全年消耗。 相似文献
10.
选取内蒙古自治区典型草原区封育恢复中天然放牧草场,进行毛肉兼用细毛羊的暖季放牧试验.采用2×5完全随机试验设计,设定不同放牧方式（不放牧,连续放牧,四区、五区、六区轮牧）及2种放牧强度（1.0,1.4 hm2/un.sh）,运用酶分析方法分析比较了围封过程中放牧绵羊对封育草场牧草细胞壁成分月动态变化及营养价值的影响.结果表明,整个暖季放牧期内,不同放牧区牧草营养物质含量主要受到放牧方式的显著影响（P＜0.05）.具体表现为,不放牧处理牧草细胞壁有机物（OCW）含量始终显著低于各放牧处理,不同放牧处理间没有明显差异;划区轮牧处理牧草始终保持着较高的消化性部分且显著高于连续放牧处理;不放牧处理牧草始终保持着较高的Oa和较低的Ob,而连续放牧处理与其相反,各轮牧处理间没有显著差异;轮牧处理总可消化养分（TDN）和代谢能（ME）含量较高,尤其在牧草生长旺盛期（八月份）,六区轮牧放牧场牧草可利用营养物质含量最高,营养价值最高. 相似文献
11.
试验旨在综合评价从山东省17个市采集的羊常用粗饲料原料的营养价值。试验测定了109个样本10种常用原料的常规营养成分及总能(GE),应用两级离体消化法测定干物质消化率(IVDMD),以计算消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME),并根据预测干物质随意采食量(DMI),进而计算出分级指数(GI)。结果表明,不同粗饲料间的常规养分的差异不能准确地评价饲料营养价值;以NDF、ADF所得GI综合评价粗饲料中营养价值得到苜蓿>冬牧70>地瓜秧>羊草>花生秧>青贮玉米秸>玉米秸>水稻秸>豆秸>麦秸;IVDMD与NDF、ADF均呈显著负相关,而与CP呈显著正相关;DE与NDF、ADF相关性较强,且均呈负相关。 相似文献
12.
Grass silages (n = 136) were selected from commercial farms across Northern Ireland according to their pH, ammonia nitrogen, DM, and predicted ME concentration. Each silage was offered to four sheep as a sole feed at maintenance feeding level to determine nutrient digestibility and urinary energy output. Dry matter concentration was determined as alcohol-corrected toluene DM and was subsequently used as the basis for all nutrient concentrations. The objectives were to use these data to examine relationships between nutritive value and nutrient concentration or fermentation characteristics in silages and then develop prediction equations for silage nutritive values using stepwise multiple regression techniques. The silages had a large range in quality (DM = 15.5 to 41.3%, ME = 7.7 to 12.9 MJ/kg of DM, pH = 3.5 to 5.5) and a relatively even distribution over the range. There was a positive relationship (P < 0.001) between silage GE and DE or ME concentration. Digestible OM in total DM (DOMD); ME/GE; and digestibility of DM, OM, and GE were positively related (P < 0.05) to CP, soluble CP, ether extract, lactic acid concentration, and lactic acid/ total VFA, whereas they were negatively related (P < 0.05) to ADF, NDF, lignin, individual VFA concentration, pH, and ammonia N/total N. Concentrations of DE and ME and digestibility of CP and NDF had similar relationships with those variables, although some relationships were not significant. Three sets of multiple prediction equations for DE and ME concentration; ME/ GE; DOMD; and digestibility of DM, OM, GE, CP, and NDF were therefore developed using three sets of predictors. The first set included GE, CP, soluble N/total N, DM, ash, NDF, lignin, lactic acid/total VFA, and ammonia N/total N; the second set excluded soluble N/ total N and lignin because they are not typically measured; the third set further excluded the fermentation data. The R2 values generally decreased with exclusion of predictors. The second and third sets of equations, except for NDF digestibility, were validated using the mean-square-prediction-error model and an independent grass silage data set published since 1977 (n = 17 [DM digestibility] to 28 [DOMD and OM digestibility]). The validation indicated that the equations developed in the present experiment could accurately predict DE and ME concentrations and DE/GE and ME/GE in grass silages. 相似文献
13.
Quijada RP Bitsch NI Hodgkinson SM 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(3):421-427
The objectives were to determine the apparent energy digestibility of six pasture species frequently grazed by European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) and to estimate the digestible energy (DE) consumption from pasture by grazing wild boar. Seven diets were prepared; a base diet (BD) which did not contain any pasture species, diets D1 to D5 which included 75% of the BD and 25% of the dried pasture species Lolium perenne (D1), Festuca arundinacea (D2), Agrostis capillaris (D3), Bromus staminius (D4) or Trifolium repens (D5) and D6 which contained 85% BD and 15% dried Plantago lanceolata. Seven purebred European wild boar (initial liveweight 24.4 ± 0.8 kg, average ± SEM) were given access to the diets following a Latin Square design. The animals received each diet for eight days, with faecal sampling on days 6, 7 and 8. The total apparent DE consumption from pasture by grazing wild boar was estimated using previously collected pasture consumption data from wild boar. The digestibility coefficients and DE contents of the pasture species ranged from 0.29 to 0.65, and 5.8 to 12.6 MJ/kg DM respectively, with L. perenne and P. lanceolata having the greatest digestibility coefficients and DE contents. The wild boar were estimated to satisfy between 52% and 142% of their maintenance energy requirements through pasture consumption. Grazing wild boar are able to utilise an important proportion of the energy present in pasture species. 相似文献
14.
牦牛放牧强度与小嵩草高寒草甸植物群落的关系 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
分析牦牛放牧强度对小嵩草(Kobrecia parva)高寒草甸生物量和群落结构的影响.结果表明:优良牧草比例和牦牛个体增重的年度变化呈正相关;在牦牛放牧条件下,优良牧草比例年度变化是评价小嵩草高寒草甸放牧价值的直接度量指标;而相似性系数和草地质量指数的变化与牦牛生产力没有明显的联系,只能指示植物群落整体的相对变化程度;当放牧强度为1.86头/hm2时,能维持优良牧草比例和牦牛年度增重,是保持小嵩草高寒草甸不退化的适宜放牧强度. 相似文献
15.
Digestibility of energy and phosphorus in ten samples of distillers dried grains with solubles fed to growing pigs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
An experiment was conducted to measure DE and ME and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy, N, and P in distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) fed to growing pigs. Ten sources of DDGS were obtained from ethanol plants in South Dakota and Minnesota, and 11 diets were formulated. One diet was based on corn (96.8%), limestone, salt, vitamins, and microminerals. Ten additional diets were formulated by mixing the corn diet and each of the 10 sources of DDGS in a 1:1 ratio. Eleven growing pigs (initial BW of 29.3 +/- 0.42 kg) were allotted to an 11 x 11 Latin square design, with 11 periods and 11 pigs. Each of the 11 diets was fed to each pig during 1 period. Pigs were placed in metabolism cages that allowed for the total, but separate, collection of feces and urine. Samples were analyzed for GE, N, and P and energy and N balances, and the ATTD of GE, N, and P were calculated for each diet. By subtracting the contribution from the corn diet to the DDGS-containing diets, the energy and N balances and the ATTD for GE, N, and P for each source of DDGS were calculated. Results of the experiment showed that the DE and ME differed (P < 0.001) among the 10 sources of DDGS (3,947 to 4,593 kcal of DE/kg of DM and 3,674 to 4,336 kcal of ME/kg of DM). The average DE and ME in DDGS were 4,140 and 3,897 kcal/kg of DM, respectively. These values were not different from the DE and ME in corn (4,088 and 3,989 kcal/kg of DM, respectively). Based on the analyzed GE and nutrient composition of DDGS and the calculated values for DE and ME, prediction equations for DE and ME were developed. These equations showed that DE and ME in DDGS may be predicted from the concentration of ash, ether extract, ADF, and GE. The retention of N from DDGS was greater (P < 0.001) than from corn, but when calculated on a percentage basis, the N retention did not differ between DDGS and corn. The ATTD of P in DDGS was 59.1% on average for the 10 samples. This value was greater (P < 0.001) than the ATTD of P in corn (19.3%). It is concluded that the DE and ME in DDGS is not different from the DE and ME in corn. However, if DDGS is included in diets fed to growing swine, a greater portion of the organic P will be digested and absorbed, thus reducing the need for adding inorganic P to the diets. 相似文献
16.
To establish the effect of sward height, concentrate feeding time, and restricted time for grazing on forage utilization by grazing cattle, 32 crossbred beef (24 Angus and eight Hereford) cows (632 kg BW) and calves (104 kg BW) were grouped by weight and calving date. They were assigned randomly to two sward height treatments (4 to 8 or 8 to 12 cm), replicated four times. The herbage comprised mainly Kentucky bluegrass, orchardgrass, some forbs, and white clover. The cows were restricted to 12 h/d grazing (0700 to 1900) or unrestricted to 24 h/d grazing and fed a concentrate supplement (4.1 kg DM.cow(-1).d(-1), approximately 0.65% of BW or 33% of total DMI) either at 0700 or 1800. The experiment was repeated over three 15-d periods in May, June/July, and August 2000. The herbage on high sward height pasture was higher (P = 0.06) in NDF and ADF and lower (P < 0.01) in CP than low sward height herbage. For cows restricted to 12 h/d grazing, supplementing at 0700 as opposed 1800 resulted in greater (P = 0.04) forage DMI (8.6 vs. 8.1 kg/d), whereas cows that were unrestricted showed little change (8.2 kg/d at 0700 vs. 8.4 kg/d at 1800). Supplementing at 1800 as opposed to 0700 resulted in greater (P = 0.03) herbage DM digestibility (67.7 vs. 64.5%) for cows on high sward height, whereas cows on low sward height exhibited minimal differences (65.4% at 1800 vs. 66.3% at 0700). Cows restricted to 12 h/d grazing and supplemented at 0700 as opposed to 1800 resulted in greater (P = 0.06) digestible DMI (5.0 vs. 4.7 kg/d), whereas unrestricted cows exhibited the opposite response (4.6 kg/d digestible DMI at 0700 vs. 4.9 kg/d at 1800). Supplementing at 1800 as opposed to 0700 increased the time spent grazing to a greater (P = 0.09) extent for restricted than for unrestricted cows. When forage availability or grazing time was limiting (due to a low forage allowance and restricted access to forage, respectively) supplementing concentrates at 0700 resulted in greater forage utilization and intake rate because of increased forage DMI, DM digestibility, and digestible DMI. However, when forage or grazing time was not limiting, supplementing concentrates at 1800 resulted in greater forage utilization because of increased forage DM digestibility. 相似文献
17.
垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）/星星草（Puccinellia tenuflora）混播草地三个放牧季的牦牛放牧试验结果表明：①经过连续三个放牧季的放牧,放牧强度与物种丰富度、多样性指数H′、多样性指数D（除了2003年）和均匀度指数J′（除了2004年）均呈显著或极显著的二次回归;②随放牧强度的增加,各处理组地上生物量呈降低趋势,且草生长季节地上平均生物量与放牧强度之间呈极显著的线性回归关系,0~30 cm的地下生物量（包括活根和死根）与放牧强度之间呈二次回归关系;③牧草生长季牦牛最佳放牧强度为7.23头/hm2。 相似文献
18.
为研究放牧对温性荒漠草原植物群落特征和牧草营养品质的影响,本文研究了放牧和围封对温性荒漠草原植物群落特征、牧草营养品质的影响及其相互关系。结果表明：放牧显著降低了植物群落的高度、盖度和生物量,显著增加了物种丰富度指数（P<0.01）;放牧显著增加牧草粗蛋白（Crude protein,CP）、粗脂肪（Crude fat,CF）、消化率（Dry matter digestibility,DMD）和代谢能（Metabolic energy,ME）,显著降低了牧草的中性洗涤纤维（Neutral detergent fibers,NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（Acid detergent fibers,ADF）（P<0.01）;群落多样性指数与牧草CP,CF,DMD和ME呈显著正相关（P<0.01）,与牧草NDF和ADF呈显著负相关（P<0.01）;牧草CP,CF,DMD和ME与NDF和ADF呈显著负相关（P<0.01）。总之,放牧处理显著增加了物种丰富度指数和牧草营养品质。建议对围封温性荒漠草原进行适度放牧,以充分利用草地资源,保护草地物种多样性。 相似文献
19.
垂穗披碱草/星星草混播草地优化牦牛放牧强度的研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
以植被和牦牛生产力变化为目标研究草地不退化的最大放牧强度,在垂穗披碱草/星星草高寒混播草地3年的牦牛放牧试验结果表明,1)优良牧草比例和牦牛个体增重的平均年度变化随放牧强度的增加而减小,牦牛个体增重和优良牧草比例的平均年度变化之间存在着正相关,因此确立了不同放牧强度下优良牧草比例的年度变化是评价高寒混播群落放牧价值的直接度量指标.2)虽然群落相似性系数和草地质量指数可以评价草场的相对变化,但相似性系数的变化与牦牛个体生产力没有显著关系,因而不能反映草场放牧价值的变化,而计算草地质量指数时,不同植物类群盖度的测定和适口性的判别受人为因素的干扰较大,因此它也不是一个很客观的指标.3)当放牧强度为9.97头/hm2时,优良牧草比例和牦牛个体增重的年度变化能维持基本不变,因此,可以认为该放牧强度是高寒人工草地生长季放牧不退化的最大放牧强度. 相似文献