共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 251 毫秒
1.
不同秸秆混合生物炭对盐碱土壤养分及酶活性的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究不同秸秆混合生物炭对盐碱土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响差异,为盐碱土壤改良和资源的合理利用提供理论参考。以玉米秸秆、玉米芯、芦苇分别和剩余活性污泥混合在450℃裂解得到的混合生物炭为添加材料,以内蒙古盐碱土壤为供试土壤,研究不同混合生物炭添加对盐碱土壤pH值、阳离子交换能力、养分含量及土壤脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性的影响。结果表明:不同混合生物炭表面化学官能团种类一致,含量有差异;混合生物炭的添加能够小幅度降低土壤pH值;三种混合生物炭的加入大幅度提高了土壤阳离子交换能力,且随着混合生物炭添加量的增加而增强;混合生物炭的添加显著提高了盐碱土壤的养分含量,由玉米秸秆和污泥制备的混合生物炭主要增加总磷和速效磷含量,而添加芦苇和污泥制备的混合生物炭显著提高了土壤速效钾水平;添加混合生物炭对土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性有显著的促进作用,尤其是高添加量(25g/kg)对2种酶的促进作用显著高于低添加量(10g/kg,20g/kg);混合生物炭对土壤过氧化氢酶活性的影响表现为中、低添加量(20g/kg,10g/kg)的生物炭对过氧化氢酶的促进作用显著高于高添加量(25g/kg)。 相似文献
2.
【目的】以生物炭单施及其与沸石复配为钝化剂,研究其对铅镉复合污染碱性土壤理化性质及铅镉有效性的影响,以期用钝化技术为碱性土壤重金属污染原位修复提供理论和实践支持。【方法】以河南某金属冶炼厂附近铅(Pb)镉(Cd)污染的碱性菜地土壤(Pb 227.75 mg kg-1、Cd 3.38 mg kg-1)为研究对象,采用盆栽试验,研究生物炭单施及其与沸石复配(生物炭∶沸石=1∶1)不同施入量(0、1%、2.5%、5%)对土壤理化性质、土壤Pb、Cd有效态含量、青菜根和叶中Pb、Cd含量以及青菜富集转运Pb、Cd的影响。【结果】与对照相比,生物炭单施及其与沸石复配处理,使土壤pH提高了0.03～0.17个单位,与对照无显著差异,但显著提高了土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量(P <0.05)。土壤有效态Pb、Cd含量随钝化剂施用量增加呈下降趋势,分别下降了10.69%～32.75%和7.63%～26.72%,相同施用量下复配处理效果优于单施处理。生物炭及其复配沸石促进了青菜生长,降低了青菜Pb的含量,根部和茎叶中Pb的含量比对照分别下降了2... 相似文献
3.
生物质炭与有机物料配施的土壤培肥效果及对玉米生长的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
生物质炭作为一种多功能的土壤培肥材料被广泛应用,但其与传统有机物料的对比及配施研究还比较少。通过盆栽试验,研究了生物质炭与秸秆、发酵鸡粪单施及配施对壤质潮土和砂土养分含量、酶活性及玉米生长的影响,并采用主成分分析方法对3种有机物料的培肥效果进行综合评价。试验设6个处理,分别为不添加有机物料(CK)、添加生物质炭(BC)、小麦秸秆(WS)、发酵鸡粪(CM)、秸秆和生物质炭(WS+BC)、鸡粪和生物质炭(CM+BC)。研究结果表明,各处理均增加了砂土玉米生物量和株高,3种有机物料的提升幅度排序为:鸡粪生物质炭秸秆,鸡粪还可增加壤质潮土玉米生物量和株高。添加生物质炭和有机物料还可提高土壤有机质含量,其中生物质炭的提升幅度最大。此外,3种有机物料对土壤养分和酶活性的影响各异,单施鸡粪分别增加壤质潮土和砂土的碱解氮22.08%和26.67%,速效磷91.92%和53.65%,脲酶活性40.54%和36.94%;单施生物质炭分别增加壤质潮土和砂土速效磷83.52%和89.91%,速效钾79.38%和127.02%,过氧化氢酶活性3.41%和11.22%,却降低了土壤碱解氮含量,且与鸡粪配施后会抑制鸡粪中氮的有效性;单施秸秆分别增加壤质潮土和砂土速效钾49.48%和63.02%,β-葡糖苷酶活性51.86%和59.09%;生物质炭与鸡粪或秸秆配施可以更均衡地提升土壤肥力。通过主成分分析和相关分析发现,玉米生物量和株高与土壤氮、磷供应正变化的第2主成分(PC2)得分呈极显著正相关关系。因此,3种有机物料中,鸡粪对土壤氮、磷含量及相关酶活性影响最大;秸秆对土壤钾以及纤维素分解相关酶影响较大,而生物质炭对土壤肥力的提升作用更均衡,且土壤肥力综合得分最高。秸秆或鸡粪配施生物质炭可以更全面地提高土壤肥力。 相似文献
4.
生物炭和AM真菌提高矿区土壤养分有效性的机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】矿区土壤贫瘠、有效养分含量低,而生物炭和丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM)真菌能够改善土壤养分,提高植物对环境胁迫的抗性和养分的利用。因此探究生物炭和AM真菌对矿区土壤的改良效果,可为矿区污染土壤生态恢复和新型肥料的开发提供参考。【方法】温室盆栽试验的土壤采自河南省洛阳市新安县江春矿区,以玉米"弘单897"为试验材料。试验设计4个处理,分别为原状土壤对照(CK)、添加生物炭(B)、接种AM真菌(M)、添加生物炭和接种AM真菌(BM),每处理重复8次,完全随机区组设计,玉米于矿区土壤中培育2个月后收获,测定根系生长、生理特性和土壤养分含量。【结果】施用生物炭和接种AM真菌均能够促进玉米生长,提高玉米叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)、叶色值(SPAD值)和抗氧化酶活性,提高土壤养分含量。接种AM真菌对促进玉米生长、改善生理特性和磷吸收的效果优于生物炭,而生物炭提高土壤pH值和玉米对钾吸收的效果较好。生物炭和AM真菌联合处理玉米的总根长、根部和地上部干重分别较CK增加了84.22%、176.67%和45.84%,玉米叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度分别较对照提高35.42%、56.44%和88.31%,叶色值比CK提高了22.77%,菌根侵染率较CK提高234.20%,菌丝密度可达到4.37 m/g,总球囊霉素和易提取球囊霉素分别达到4.32 g/kg和1.60 g/kg,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量分别较对照提高24.23%、43.26%、98.63%和33.93%。【结论】生物炭和AM真菌单独或复合处理均能够促进玉米生长和提高土壤养分有效性,生物炭和AM真菌联合处理可促进玉米生长、改善生理特性、促进养分吸收、提高土壤养分效果,可作为退化土壤生态修复和农业生产安全的一项有效措施。 相似文献
5.
《水土保持学报》2014,(2)
为探明控释氮肥、生物炭及秸秆还田对作物产量及土壤的作用,通过玉米盆栽试验研究不同施氮量普通尿素与控释肥、添加生物炭及秸秆还田对玉米产量及土壤性质的影响。研究结果表明:控释肥和秸秆还田能够显著提高玉米产量,推荐施氮量控释肥(100%CRF)、70%推荐施氮量控释肥(70%CRF)和推荐施氮量普通尿素+秸秆还田(100%Urea+S)处理玉米产量比推荐施氮量普通尿素(100%Urea)处理分别提高46.62%,22.12%和27.24%;70%CRF比70%推荐施氮量普通尿素(70%Urea)处理产量提高36.37%;添加生物炭增产不显著,但显著提高土壤pH;控释肥及添加生物炭处理提高土壤氮素有效性;生物炭和秸秆还田提高土壤中有机碳的含量;控释肥和秸秆还田提高土壤脱氢酶、脲酶、中性磷酸酶活性,添加生物炭提高土壤脲酶活性,抑制土壤脱氢酶和中性磷酸酶活性;所有不同处理间土壤过氧化氢酶活性差异不显著。 相似文献
6.
烟杆生物炭对砒砂岩与沙复配土壤理化性状及玉米生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为明确施用生物炭对砒砂岩与沙复配土壤水分保持及肥力提升的影响,采用盆栽试验,研究了不同生物炭施用量(0,10,20,30,50g/kg(以风干土计))对砒砂岩与沙复配土壤理化性状及玉米生长的影响。结果表明:在种植玉米一季后,施用生物炭可显著降低复配土壤容重,尤其当生物炭施用量达到30g/kg时,土壤容重可降低至1.37g/cm3,但当生物炭施用量增加到50g/kg时,土壤容重又出现增加的趋势;土壤田间持水量随生物炭施用量的增加呈显著增加趋势,但当施用量增加到50g/kg时又会出现下降趋势;土壤pH、全盐量随生物炭添加量的增加显著增加,尤其当生物炭添加量为50g/kg时,土壤pH可达8.80,全盐量可达2.51g/kg;土壤有机质、有效磷、速效钾含量也随生物炭施用量的增加而显著增加,但有效磷在生物炭施用量增加至50g/kg时出现下降趋势。进一步分析不同生物炭处理对玉米生物量的影响,发现玉米根干重、地上部分干重、百粒重、单株产量均随生物炭施用量的增加呈显著增加趋势,但当生物炭施用量增加到50g/kg时,上述各指标反而显著降低。生物炭对于砒砂岩与沙复配土壤理化性状、水分保持、肥力提升、作物生长及产量等诸多方面都有明显改善效果,在施用过程中需要注意使用量,在本试验条件下,生物炭推荐施用量为30g/kg干土。 相似文献
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铁改性生物炭促进土壤砷形态转化抑制植物砷吸收 总被引：16，自引：6，他引：10
通过盆栽试验研究了不同砷污染水平(10、20、40和80 mg/kg)下,添加不同量(10、20和40 g/kg)改性前后的生物炭对土壤砷形态及植物吸收砷规律的影响。该文以棉花秸秆生物炭及改性生物炭(棉花秸秆生物炭与Fe Cl3?6H2O按质量比为20∶1)为试材,小白菜为供试植物。结果表明:生物炭(10~40 g/kg)和改性生物炭(10 g/kg)能促进小白菜的生长,在添加量分别为20和10 g/kg时生物量最大,其最大值分别为8.26和6.68 g/盆,改性生物炭在添加量为10 g/kg时高于对照组和等量未改性生物炭处理组。在砷质量分数为10和20 mg/kg的基础上,添加生物炭(10~40 g/kg)后,土壤中砷主要以残渣态形式存在;水溶态砷分别增加了0.22%~3.36%和0.96%~3.70%;改性生物炭添加对土壤砷质量分数为10 mg/kg时水溶态砷无明显影响,土壤砷质量分数为20 mg/kg时,添加改性生物炭(10~40 g/kg)后水溶态砷减少了0.12%~0.58%。在高浓度(40和80 mg/kg)砷土壤中,水溶态砷含量随着土壤中砷含量的增加而增大;添加生物炭(10~40 g/kg)后,土壤中水溶态砷分别增加了0.21%~1.56%和2.11%~8.94%,但砷主要以铝形砷形式存在,残渣态砷次之。各处理组小白菜可食部分和根部砷质量分数在添加10~40 g/kg生物炭后的变化规律不尽相同,等量的改性生物炭添加后,可食部分由18.28 mg/kg显著降低至2.66 mg/kg(P0.05),根部从133.99 mg/kg显著降低至20.21 mg/kg(P0.05)。改性生物炭与未改性生物炭相比,改性生物炭能降低土壤中水溶态砷的含量及对小白菜吸收砷有显著的抑制作用。因此,该研究可为改性生物炭在含砷土壤的修复应用中提供数据支撑与理论基础。 相似文献
8.
以宁夏引黄灌区水旱轮作种植模式为背景,以灌淤土为研究基础,采用室内培养法研究水旱轮作淹水培养90 d后灌淤土磷素的演变特征。结果表明,与对照相比外源性鸡粪、秸秆生物炭和磷肥添加均显著提高了灌淤土全磷、有效磷含量,增幅在6.4%～165.2%之间,输入外源性鸡粪与对照相比土壤Ca-P提升了88.4%,且随施磷水平增加无机磷(Pi)占土壤总磷比例提高。输入外源性秸秆生物炭显著增加土壤O-P含量,与施磷量的高低差异不显著,添加外源性鸡粪土壤全磷、有效磷含量较秸秆生物炭提升45.9%和45.4%。施用外源性鸡粪和秸秆生物炭前者较后者无机磷总量增加176.1 mg/kg,增幅34.5%,但无机磷占全磷相对比例后者较前者平均提高了8.5%,这可能与外源性鸡粪和秸秆生物炭对土壤全磷增量大小不同有关。 相似文献
9.
生物炭还田对植烟土壤活性有机碳及酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探索不同来源的生物炭及其还田方式对连作植烟土壤的改良效果,以四川盐源红壤为研究对象,通过田间试验研究了不同生物炭类型(玉米秸秆生物炭YM、油菜秸秆生物炭YC)配合不同还田方式(条施、穴施、条施+穴施)下,土壤有机碳组分和土壤酶活性在烤烟不同生育期的变化特征。结果表明,生物炭类型和还田方式显著改变了土壤总有机碳(TOC)含量,与CK(不添加生物炭)相比,生物炭处理的土壤TOC含量增加了6.9%~39.7%,其中油菜生物炭穴施还田的效果最佳。生物炭提高了土壤活性有机碳库和颗粒态有机碳含量,其中油菜生物炭处理的活性有机碳平均含量显著高于玉米生物炭,颗粒态有机碳含量则相反;与CK相比,玉米生物炭和油菜生物炭穴施还田提高了土壤可溶性有机碳含量,分别显著增加了25.3%~36.4%和33.3%~51.3%;油菜生物炭穴施还田的烤烟旺长期土壤微生物量碳、易氧化有机碳和颗粒态有机碳含量最高,较CK分别增加了34.6%、28.9%和38.3%。土壤蔗糖酶、蛋白酶活性总体受生物炭类型和还田方式的显著影响,与CK相比,油菜生物炭穴施还田的土壤蔗糖酶活性显著提高了24.1%~30.6%;玉米生物炭对烤烟现蕾期和成熟期土壤脲酶、蛋白酶活性提升效果总体优于油菜生物炭。综上,生物炭还田总体增加了植烟土壤有机碳库含量和酶活性,其中油菜生物炭穴施还田方式对土壤活性有机碳库、蔗糖酶活性的提升效果较佳。本研究结果为植烟土壤保育技术和生物炭在烟草生产的应用提供了科学依据和指导实践。 相似文献
10.
通过生物质炭复配,降低治理成本,为提高秸秆生物质炭对镉污染土壤的治理效果,将秸秆生物质炭（大豆秸秆炭（SSB）、油菜秸秆炭（RSB））与动物屠宰废弃物炭（SWB）复配,设置2.22 g kg?1（B1）、4.44 g kg?1（B2）两个施用量,通过小白菜盆栽试验,研究生物质炭对原位污染土壤镉赋存形态及小白菜镉吸收的影响。研究表明,与对照（CK）相比,生物质炭显著降低小白菜根系和地上部的镉含量。在4.44 g kg?1施炭水平下,SSB2和RSB2处理的小白菜根系镉含量较SWB2处理显著降低、降幅分别达 33.40%和 20.49%。SSB2处理小白菜根系镉的富集系数较SWB2处理显著降低、降幅达31.68%。与 SSB2处理相比,SSB与SWB复配（SSWB2）处理根系和地上部镉含量分别降低22.57%和 36.14%。生物质炭显著降低土壤中镉的生物有效性,其中RSB2和SSB2处理的土壤交换态镉占比（F2）较SWB 2处理分别降低 9.31%和 3.63%,强有机结合态镉占比（F6）分别提高 16.11%和 9.74%。复配生物质炭SSWB2 处理的F2较SSB2 处理降低 11.05%,铁锰结合态镉占比（F5）提高13.50%。因此,秸秆生物质炭与屠宰废弃物炭复配可有效降低污染土壤镉的生物有效性及小白菜对镉的吸收和富集。 相似文献
11.
Impacts of biochar and processed poultry manure,applied to a calcareous soil,on the growth of bean and maize 
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下载免费PDF全文 Direct use of poultry manure on agricultural lands may cause environmental concerns, so there is a need to establish the suitability of the application of biochar derived from poultry manure for calcareous soil chemical properties and plant growth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of processed poultry manure (0, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) and its biochar (0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) on soil chemical properties of a calcareous soil and growth of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and maize (Zea mays) plants. In the incubation experiment, both processed poultry manure (PPM) and biochar decreased pH and the concentration of plant‐available Fe of soil but increased plant‐available P, Zn, Cu and Mn concentrations. PPM and biochar increased the concentrations of exchangeable cations (K, Ca and Mg) in soil. PPM and biochar applications increased the growth of maize and bean plants. PPM and biochar resulted in increased concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn in bean plants. In maize plants, PPM and biochar applications increased the N, P, K, Zn, Cu and Mn but decreased the Ca and Mg concentrations. Results of this study reveal that poultry manure biochar can be used effectively for agricultural purposes. 相似文献
12.
LIN Zhibin LIU Qi LIU Gang Annette L. COWIE BEI Qicheng LIU Benjuan WANG Xiaojie MA Jing ZHU Jianguo XIE Zubin 《土壤圈》2017,27(2):248-261
Intensive management of planted forests may result in soil degradation and decline in timber yield with successive rotations.Biochars may be beneficial for plant production,nutrient uptake and greenhouse gas mitigation.Biochar properties vary widely and are known to be highly dependent on feedstocks,but their effects on planted forest ecosystem are elusive.This study investigated the effects of chicken manure biochar,sawdust biochar and their feedstocks on 2-year-old Pinus elliottii growth,fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE),soil N2O and CH4 emissions,and C storage in an acidic forest soil in a subtropical area of China for one year.The soil was mixed with materials in a total of 8 treatments:non-amended control (CK);sawdust at 2.16 kg m-2 (SD);chicken manure at 1.26 kg m-2 (CM);sawdust biochar at 2.4 kg m-2 (SDB);chicken manure biochar at 2.4 kg m-2 (CMB);15N-fertilizer alone (10.23 atom％ 15N) (NF);sawdust biochar at 2.4 kg m-2 plus 15N-fertilizer (SDBN) and chicken manure biochar at 2.4 kg m-2 plus 15N-fertilizer (CMBN).Results showed that the CMB treatment increased P.elliottii net primary production (aboveground biomass plus litterfall) and annual net C fixation (ANCF) by about 180％ and 157％,respectively,while the the SDB treatment had little effect on P.elliottii growth.The 15N stable isotope labelling technique revealed that fertilizer NUE was 22.7％ in CK,25.5％ in the NF treatment,and 37.0％ in the CMB treatment.Chicken manure biochar significantly increased soil pH,total N,total P,total K,available P and available K.Only 2％ of the N in chicken manure biochar was available to the tree.The soil N2O emission and CH4 uptake showed no significant differences among the treatments.The apparent C losses from the SD and CM treatments were 35％ and 61％,respectively;while those from the CMB and SDB treatments were negligible.These demonstrated that it is crucial to consider biochar properties while evaluating their effects on plant growth and C sequestration. 相似文献
13.
A. Gunes A. Inal M. B. Taskin O. Sahin E. C. Kaya A. Atakol 《Soil Use and Management》2014,30(2):182-188
The use of pyrolysis products of manures gives positive effects on soil fertility, crop productivity and soil carbon sequestration. However, effects depend on soil characteristics, plant species and the raw material from which the biochar is derived, and some negative effects of biochar have been reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of poultry manure (PM)‐derived biochar on the growth, and P, N, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn concentration of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plant. The treatments as follows: control, 20 g/kg poultry manure (PM), 20 g/kg phosphorus‐enriched poultry manure (PM+P), 10 g/kg Biochar (B), 10 g/kg Biochar+P (B+P). Application of biochar and PM significantly increased lettuce growth, and P‐enriched forms of PM and biochar gave the higher growth. PM has no significant effect on the N concentrations but biochar and, P‐enriched PM and biochar treatments significantly increased N concentrations. Phosphorus concentration of the lettuce leaves significantly increased by PM and biochar treatments. Plant K concentrations were also increased by PM and biochar, and their P‐enriched forms. Leaf Ca and Mg concentrations were lower in Biochar and B+P treatments than that of PM and PM+P treatments. Compared to control and PM treatments, biochar applications reduced Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu concentrations of the lettuce plants. The results of this study indicated that application of biochar to alkaline soil is beneficial for crop growth and N, P and K nutrition, but it certainly reduced Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn nutrition of lettuce. 相似文献
14.
生物炭对滨海盐渍土理化性质及玉米幼苗抗氧化系统的影响 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
以黄河三角洲典型盐化潮土为供试土壤,设置12.5,25.0,50.0,100 g/kg 4个梯度生物炭添加量,通过盆栽试验研究不同添加量下生物炭对滨海盐渍土理化性质及玉米幼苗抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,随着生物炭添加量的增加,盐渍土的电导率、速效磷、速效钾、阳离子交换量及易氧化有机碳的含量呈现显著增加的趋势;不同生物炭添加量下,盐渍土的pH、碱解氮含量略有下降,但各添加量处理间差异不显著;而生物炭对盐渍土可交换态钠含量无显著影响。(2)添加适量生物炭(12.5,25.0,50.0 g/kg)可显著提高玉米幼苗叶片抗氧化酶活性和根系活力,并降低叶片超氧阴离子产生速率和过氧化氢含量,从而改善玉米幼苗的生理性状;然而,较高的生物炭添加量(100 g/kg)对幼苗抗氧化系统产生不良影响,造成植物体内活性氧的累积。因此,添加适量生物炭可以改善滨海盐渍土的理化性质,并在一定程度上有效改善盐胁迫下玉米幼苗的生理特性,但较高用量对作物抗氧化系统具有抑制作用。 相似文献
15.
生物炭和有机肥施用提高了华北平原滨海盐土微生物量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
16.
Mohd Hadi Akbar Basri Md. Rezaul Karim Nasima Junejo Hazandy Abdul Hamid Noor Syahirah Norrashid 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2016,66(6):534-543
In tropical climate, huge amount of fertilizer need to be used for the cultivation of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) in Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales (BRIS) soil, however this approach is not cost effective and environmental friendly. Therefore, the optimizing of fertilizer rate for BRIS soils and selection of suitable soil amendments are crucial to get a higher yield. In this study, the effects of different combinations of urea, chicken manure and biochar on soil properties, growth performance and physiological characteristics of kenaf cultivated on the BRIS soil were investigated. Eight treatments were conducted namely: control (T1), biochar (T2), chicken manure (T3), urea (T4), chicken manure + urea (T5), biochar + chicken manure (T6), urea + biochar (T7) and biochar + chicken manure + urea (T8). The biomass and physiological characteristics of kenaf were recorded every month, while the soil was analyzed following a standard laboratory procedure. The application of organic and inorganic fertilizer (urea) significantly increased the nutrient content of the soil compared to the T1, whereas T3 showed the highest pH, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable bases (Na, Mg, Ca). However, the mixing of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers showed the highest plant height, diameter of stem and number of leaves as well as dry biomass compared to other treatments. Furthermore, the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the photosynthesis rate and stomatal conductivity. The results suggest that the mixing of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers represents an effective approach for the cultivation of kenaf in tropical climate. 相似文献
17.
Binh Thanh Nguyen Nam Ngoc Trinh Chau Minh Thi Le Trang Thuy Nguyen Thanh Van Tran Binh Vu Thai 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(12):1744-1758
Salt-affected soil induces detrimental influences on paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth and ameliorating the influences could be done with organic amendments, such as animal manure and biochar. The aims of the current study are: (1) to examine the interactive effects of biochar and cow manure on rice growth and on selected properties of salt-affected soil, and (2) to identify potential mechanisms related to the amendments. Saline-sodic soil was used for a net house experiment with two experimental factors: biochar (no-biochar, rice-husk, and -straw biochar) and cow manure (with and without cow manure). Without the manure, addition of both rice-hush and – straw biochar significantly increased rice growth, whereas a combination of individual biochar with manure did not show a positive synergistic effect. The interactive effect of two factors was not significant on available P and exchangeable K concentrations, but the main effects of the two factors were significant. Biochar addition resulted in higher soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) (28.8 to 29.0 cmolc kg?1) than the control (25.6 cmolc kg?1), but manure addition did not. Improved nutrient availabilities such as P and K, as well as CEC are among the potential mechanisms accounting for the enhanced rice growth with biochar. 相似文献
18.
K. C. Uzoma M. Inoue H. Andry H. Fujimaki A. Zahoor E. Nishihara 《Soil Use and Management》2011,27(2):205-212
In this study, we performed a greenhouse experiment to investigate the effect of cow manure biochar on maize yield, nutrient uptake and physico‐chemical properties of a dryland sandy soil. Biochar was derived from dry cow manure pyrolysed at 500 °C. Cow manure biochar was mixed with a sandy soil at the rate equivalent to 0, 10, 15 and 20 t biochar per hectare. Maize was used as a test crop. Results of the study indicated that cow manure biochar contains some important plant nutrients which significantly affected the maize crop growth. Maize yield and nutrient uptake were significantly improved with increasing the biochar mixing rate. Application of biochar at 15 and 20 t/ha mixing rates significantly increased maize grain yield by 150 and 98% as compared with the control, respectively. Maize net water use efficiency (WUE) increased by 6, 139 and 91% as compared with the control, with the 10, 15 and 20 t/ha mixing rate, respectively. Nutrient uptake by maize grain was significantly increased with higher biochar applications. Application of cow manure biochar improved the field‐saturated hydraulic conductivity of the sandy soil, as a result net WUE also increased. Results of the soil analysis after the harvesting indicated significant increase in the pH, total C, total N, Oslen‐P, exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity. The results of this study indicated that application of cow manure biochar to sandy soil is not only beneficial for crop growth but it also significantly improved the physico‐chemical properties of the coarse soil. 相似文献