共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
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《畜牧兽医学报》2017,(10)
旨在研究SRY、SOX9、DAX1和FOXL2 4个性别相关基因在早期牛胎儿中的表达情况,阐明其表达规律。收集34~80胎龄(dpc)牛早期胎儿的生殖嵴和中肾,先确定其性别,然后采用荧光定量PCR和免疫组化方法分别对SRY、SOX9、DAX1、FOXL2基因在RNA和蛋白水平进行定量和定位检测。经4对引物的性别鉴定,19个胎儿中10个为雄性,9个为雌性。SRY基因只在雄性中表达,而FOXL2基因在雌性中有显著表达,在雄性中则有痕量的表达。在雄性生殖嵴中,SOX9和DAX1的表达模式相似,但在44~56dpc DAX1表达量高于SOX9;在38~80dpc的雌性生殖嵴中,DAX1的表达量持续高于SOX9,且53dpc后,SOX9表达量持续维持低水平,而DAX1表达量却急剧升高到80dpc。可见,牛早期胎儿雄性的性别决定时间为35~39dpc,雌性则为39~41dpc;且SRY和FOXL2分别为牛早期胎儿雄性和雌性的性别决定基因,本研究初步揭示了牛早期胎儿性别相关基因的表达规律,为家畜性别控制提供理论基础。 相似文献
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在哺乳动物中,正常的性别是由是否存在Y-染色体基因SRY所决定的。SRY基因在未分化的性腺中表达以后,大量与睾丸分化相关的转录因子和生长因子基因开始特异性表达。然而,在XX雄性个体中这些基因一定在缺少SRY基因的情况下得到上调,但是XX雄性个体中缺少SRY基因的原因还不清楚。作者检测了标记的典型性腺基因在缺少SRY基因的XX雄性睾丸中的表达。结果发现,RT-PCR和免疫组化研究结果显示在缺少SRY基因的XX雄性的睾丸组织中SOX9,DAX-1,Ad4BP/SR-1,WT-1,GATA-4和MIS得到了表达。这些病人睾丸组织中SOX9的表达水平是正常XY个体睾丸组织中的1.9倍,而Ad4BP/SF-1,DAX-1和MIS的表达水平SRY缺少的XX个体睾丸低于XY个体的睾丸。所有的XX病人被发现在每个二倍体基因组中带有两个拷贝的SOX9基因,如同正常的XX雌性和XY雄性。XX雄性病人带有两个拷贝的DAX-1基因和正常的XX雌性一样,而正常XY雄性带有1个DAX-1基因。资料表明Lesions影响SOX9的表达是缺少SRY基因的XX雄性性别决定的关键因素,并且Ad4BP/SF-1,DAX-1和MIS表达水平的降低有... 相似文献
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反刍动物性控基因SRY最新研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SRY基因主导哺乳动物雄性性别决定和睾丸起始发育,在性别决定方面起着主要的调控作用。文章对反刍动物性控基因SRY的功能、与其相关的SOX基因以及其在反刍动物性别控制方面的最新研究进展进行了综述,以期为反刍动物的性别控制提供一定参考。 相似文献
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用家兔外周血提取基因组DNA,根据欧洲家兔SRY基因的cDNA序列中开放性阅读框部分设计引物,采用PCR技术对基因组DNA进行了SRY基因检测。结果显示,SRY基因(+)是雄性决定基因,这对于幼兔的性别鉴定、性别选择及在胚胎时期诊断性连锁疾病有重要意义。 相似文献
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哺乳动物性别决定机理及性别鉴定方法研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
哺乳动物的性别决定是由SRY基因为调控中心、多基因参与的级联调控过程。本文综述了性别决定基因及其功能、性别决定的分子模型及性别鉴定的方法等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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Hoshi H Nakao A 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(7):687-692
We cloned and sequenced a full-length open reading frame turtle dmrt1 cDNA (Crdmrt1) that was 1,504 bp in length and encoded 371 amino acid residues. RT-PCR analysis in different tissues of adult male turtle showed that the Crdmrt1 cDNA fragment was only detected in the testis. The amino acid sequence derived from Crdmrt1 demonstrated high homology to sequences from dmrt1 of Pelodiscus sinensis (92% identities and 93% positives) and Elaphe quadrivirgata (75% identities and 83% positives). The deduced amino acid from Crdmrt1 contained a conserved DM domain, a male-specific motif, and a P/S-rich region. In DMRT1 from reptiles, birds, mammals, amphibians, and fish, the amino acid identities and positives for DM domains were 85-100% and 88-100%, respectively, those for male-specific motifs were 47-100% and 60-100%, and those for P/S-rich regions were 24-100% and 35-100%. The module consisted of intertwined CCHC and HCCC Zn(2+)-binding sites in the DM domain and was conserved in all 11 species analyzed in this study. Amino acid sequences of Crdmrt1 and previously reported DMRT1s, DMRT2s, and DMRT3s were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The resulting tree showed that CrDMRT1 belongs to DMRT1, and turtles are a sister group to a cluster of birds and snakes. This is the first study of the cloning of full-length dmrt1 from a reptile. 相似文献
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Kothapalli KS Kirkness EF Vanwormer R Meyers-Wallen VN 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2006,171(3):559-561
DMRT1, which encodes a zinc finger-like DNA binding motif, is a well-conserved gene that is involved in testis differentiation in a variety of mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates. The objective of this study was to determine whether a DMRT1 microsatellite marker allele is associated with the affected phenotype in a pedigree of canine SRY-negative XX sex reversal generated from an American Cocker spaniel founder. Ten affected dogs and their parents and grandparents were genotyped. Four alleles at this locus and five different genotypes were found in this pedigree. All affected dogs inherited this trait from the foundation sire of this colony. Thus, the disease-causing mutation should be identical by descent in all affected dogs. Six affected dogs were found to have genotypes at this locus that were different from those of the founder sire. These results indicate that DMRT1 is an unlikely candidate gene for SRY-negative XX sex reversal in this model. 相似文献
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Genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the genes associated with body composition and locomotion traits in Myanmar native horses 
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下载免费PDF全文 Yu Okuda Hla Hla Moe Kyaw Kyaw Moe Yuki Shimizu Kenji Nishioka Takeshi Shimogiri Hideyuki Mannen Misao Kanemaki Tetsuo Kunieda 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1198-1203
Myanmar native horses are small horses used mainly for drafting carts or carriages in rural areas and packing loads in mountainy areas. In the present study, we investigated genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the LCORL/NCAPG, MSTN and DMRT3 genes, which are associated with body composition and locomotion traits of horses, in seven local populations of Myanmar native horses. The genotyping result of LCORL/NCAPG showed that allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher withers height ranged from 0.08 to 0.27, and 0.13 in average. For MSTN, allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher proportion of Type 2B muscular fiber ranged from 0.05 to 0.23, and 0.09 in average. For DMRT3, allele frequencies of A allele associated with ambling gait ranged from 0 to 0.04, and 0.01 in average. The presences of the minor alleles of these genes at low frequencies suggest a possibility that these horse populations have not been under strong selection pressure for particular locomotion traits and body composition. Our findings of the presence of these minor alleles in Southeast Asian native horses are also informative for considering the origins of these minor alleles associated with body composition and locomotion traits in horse populations. 相似文献
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Ripon Chandra Paul Trung Ba Nguyen Yu Okuda Thu Nu Anh Le Jovilisi Mosese Dau Tabuyaqona Yuri Konishi Yoshi Kawamoto Ken Nozawa Tetsuo Kunieda 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)
There are currently eight native horse populations in Japan, namely, Hokkaido, Kiso, Noma, Taishu, Misaki, Tokara, Miyako, and Yonaguni horses. Since locomotion traits, including gaitedness, are important for riding and packing horses, the genetic properties associated with these traits could be informative for understanding the characteristics and history of these horses. In this study, we investigated the distribution of the mutant allele of DMRT3 gene (DMRT3:p.Ser301Ter) associated with ambling gaits in the Japanese native horse. We also examined haplotypes of SNPs in the 83‐kb region including DMRT3 gene by genotyping four SNPs in this region. The results revealed the presence of DMRT3:p.Ser301Ter in the Hokkaido and Yonaguni populations at allele frequencies of 0.18 and 0.02, respectively, and the observed haplotype associated with DMRT3:p.Ser301Ter was estimated as the most common haplotype in the horses in the world. Since DMRT3:p.Ser301Ter has been hypothesized to spread across Eurasian continent from Medieval England after 850 to 900 CE, our findings of the presence of DMRT3:p.Ser301Ter with the common haplotype in the Japanese native horses will provide a new insight into the history of the Japanese native horse, such as considerable level of gene flow from Eurasian continent after 850 to 900 CE. 相似文献
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The DMRT3 gene is described as the main gene involved in the determination of gait phenotypes in horses, and the allele A of the 22999655C>A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) has been reported as a causal variant of this trait. In the Mangalarga Marchador breed, which exhibits two gait patterns with well-defined characteristics, genotypes AA and CA are associated with marcha picada and genotype CC with marcha batida. In this breed, allele A of the DMRT3 gene is only related to the marcha picada gait. The objective of this study was to identify the type of control of the marcha batida gait and to investigate SNPs and genomic regions responsible for this phenotype in Mangalarga Marchador horses. Forty-eight horses belonging to the two gait groups, marcha picada with AA and CA genotypes of the 22999655C>A SNP (n = 20) and marcha batida with CC genotype (n = 28), were analyzed using the Equine SNP70 BeadChip. The genome-wide association study result shows for the first time that, in contrast to the marcha picada gait phenotype that is apparently determined by a single gene (DMRT3) in which allele A of variant g.22999655C>A controls the trait, the marcha batida gait is controlled by a larger number of genes. Because of the small number of animals used in the two groups compared, the genomic regions associated with smaller effects on the marcha batida gait could not be identified. 相似文献
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T. Kristjansson S. Bjornsdottir A. Sigurdsson L.S. Andersson G. Lindgren S.J. Helyar A.M. Klonowski T. Arnason 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(6):415-425
A nonsense mutation in DMRT3 (‘Gait keeper’ mutation) has a predominant effect on gaiting ability in horses, being permissive for the ability to perform lateral gaits and having a favourable effect on speed capacity in trot. The DMRT3 mutant allele (A) has been found in high frequency in gaited breeds and breeds bred for harness racing, while other horse breeds were homozygous for the wild‐type allele (C). The aim of this study was to evaluate further the effect of the DMRT3 nonsense mutation on the gait quality and speed capacity in the multigaited Icelandic horse and demonstrate how the frequencies of the A‐ and C‐ alleles have changed in the Icelandic horse population in recent decades. It was confirmed that homozygosity for the DMRT3 nonsense mutation relates to the ability to pace. It further had a favourable effect on scores in breeding field tests for the lateral gait tölt, demonstrated by better beat quality, speed capacity and suppleness. Horses with the CA genotype had on the other hand significantly higher scores for walk, trot, canter and gallop, and they performed better beat and suspension in trot and gallop. These results indicate that the AA genotype reinforces the coordination of ipsilateral legs, with the subsequent negative effect on the synchronized movement of diagonal legs compared with the CA genotype. The frequency of the A‐allele has increased in recent decades with a corresponding decrease in the frequency of the C‐allele. The estimated frequency of the A‐allele in the Icelandic horse population in 2012 was 0.94. Selective breeding for lateral gaits in the Icelandic horse population has apparently altered the frequency of DMRT3 genotypes with a predicted loss of the C‐allele in relatively few years. The results have practical implications for breeding and training of Icelandic horses and other gaited horse breeds. 相似文献
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Evolutionary changes of Hox genes and relevant regulatory factors provide novel insights into mammalian morphological modifications 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Kui LI Xiaohui SUN Meixiu CHEN Yingying SUN Ran TIAN Zhengfei WANG Shixia XU Guang YANG 《Integrative zoology》2018,13(1):21-35
The diversity of body plans of mammals accelerates the innovation of lifestyles and the extensive adaptation to different habitats, including terrestrial, aerial and aquatic habitats. However, the genetic basis of those phenotypic modifications, which have occurred during mammalian evolution, remains poorly explored. In the present study, we synthetically surveyed the evolutionary pattern of Hox clusters that played a powerful role in the morphogenesis along the head–tail axis of animal embryos and the main regulatory factors (Mll, Bmi1 and E2f6) that control the expression of Hox genes. A deflected density of repetitive elements and lineage‐specific radical mutations of Mll have been determined in marine mammals with morphological changes, suggesting that evolutionary changes may alter Hox gene expression in these lineages, leading to the morphological modification of these lineages. Although no positive selection was detected at certain ancestor nodes of lineages, the increased ω values of Hox genes implied the relaxation of functional constraints of these genes during the mammalian evolutionary process. More importantly, 49 positively‐selected sites were identified in mammalian lineages with phenotypic modifications, indicating adaptive evolution acting on Hox genes and regulatory factors. In addition, 3 parallel amino acid substitutions in some Hox genes were examined in marine mammals, which might be responsible for their streamlined body. 相似文献