共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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鳜鱼 ,也称翘嘴鳜、桂鱼 ,在黑龙江省也称鳌花 ,在分类学上隶属于鲈形目、鳜鱼属 ,是我国名贵的淡水鱼类之一 ,也是黑龙江省的名优鱼类“三花五罗”之一。鳜鱼肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、刺少 ,深受广大消费者欢迎。鳜鱼成鱼养殖可采取池塘主养、池塘套养、湖泊 (或水库 )养殖三种养殖方法。1 池塘主养池塘主养可采取夏花鱼种当年养成商品鱼和 1龄鱼种养成商品鱼两种方法。1 .1 夏花鱼种当年养成商品鱼夏花鱼种当年养成商品鱼是目前应用较为普遍的一种养殖方法 ,这种方法需投喂充足的饵料鱼。1 .1 .1 池塘条件除了准备鳜鱼池外 ,还需配备鳜鱼饵… 相似文献
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网箱中鳜鱼摄食行为的初步观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对网箱中鳜摄食行为的初步观察结果表明：网箱中的鳜会争食、集群捕食活铒并能主动吞食死饵；摄食高峰在傍晚和拂晓；活饵（鳙、鲢）具有对鳜的防御性行为反应；７－８月鳜日粮、日增重随个体生长而分别增加１１．２倍和６．１倍，饵料系数２．０４－４．０５；饵料鱼（鲢）体长为鳜的体长的４２．３％－５７．８％，平均为５０．６％。 相似文献
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鳜鱼为肉食性名贵鱼类 ,其苗种培育普遍存在成活率低的难题。笔者从事鳜鱼人工繁殖和规模化育苗十余年 ,体会到要提高鳜鱼育苗成活率 ,须采取以下技术措施 :1、鳜苗开口培育 鳜鱼苗胚胎发育至卵黄囊消失 ,刚一平游就必须捕食适口饵料鱼。因此 ,同步繁殖开口饵料鱼成为育苗成败的关键。一般采用团头鲂作鳜鱼的开口饵料 ,在鳜鱼催产后 1 2h即同步催产团头鲂。这样 ,鳜鱼苗平游时 ,脱膜不久的团头鲂苗恰好成为鳜鱼苗适宜的开口饵料。因鳜鱼苗平游及开口持续 3 0h左右 ,开口饵料的投喂应在环道中进行 2～ 3d ,日饵量为鳜鱼苗的 8～ 1 0倍 ,以增… 相似文献
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鳜的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
1981—1987年我们对鳜的生长、发育、人工繁殖、对饵料生物的选择性、池塘和网箱养殖、病害防治技术等,进行了较系统地研究。鳜的营养特征是专食活饵。它对饵料生物的种类、规格、外部形态结构等,都有较强的选择性。当饵料鱼和虾相同时,对鱼的摄食率为66%,而对虾仅为14%;饵料鱼的种类不同而长度一样时,鳜选择的顺序为(?)条、鲤、罗非鱼;而对同一种鱼,鳜则首先选择个体较小者为食。仔鳜开口饵料的适口性,取决于其体高与鳜口裂的相对大小。鳜适口开口饵料为体高小于鳜口张开幅度的各类鱼苗,幼鱼和食用鱼的适口饵料的体长相当于鳜长度60%以下各类鱼.养殖条件下,两性鳜1龄均能达到性成熟。长江流域5—6月进行人工繁殖,广东地区4月初即可开始催产。亲鱼以0.5—2公斤者为好。鳜的苗种培育,不适宜在池塘中进行,而宜在环道、孵化桶中或网箱内培育效果较好.食用鱼在网箱内饲养,每平方米可获得5—10公斤的高产. 相似文献
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充分利用水库资源及网箱优势,结合斑鳜繁育生物学特性,在水库网箱上成功批量繁育斑鳜鱼苗,为斑鳜人工繁育开辟一条新途径。2012年5月~2013年7月在辽宁省宽甸县景波水产品养殖场共进行了6批次繁育试验,共计催产亲鱼146组,平均催产率84%,获卵320万粒,平均受精率65%,平均孵化率80%,获水花鱼苗180万尾,利用水库网箱孵化鲤鱼苗配套提供饵料,繁殖了鲤水花11亿尾,共培育斑鳜夏花鱼苗40万尾(平均全长3.1cm),平均2750尾鲤鱼苗培育一尾斑鳜苗,培育前3d斑鳜全长日增长0.54mm,3d后全长日增长约1mm。水温19℃~22℃,显微摄影观察斑鳜胚胎发育时序和特点,受精卵140h7min破膜,胚胎发育划分为6个阶段25时期,提出在斑鳜产卵后配套饵料鱼亲鱼注射催产时间公式:t=t1-t2-t3;(t1:斑鳜胚胎发育时间;t2:饵料鱼胚胎发育时间;t3:饵料鱼亲鱼效应时间)。 相似文献
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为解决汉江上游流域鳜饵料鱼的配套问题,建立鳜与鲢配套催产模式,分析了水温对鳜和鲢人工繁殖中效应时间、孵化时间、开口时间等的影响,了解鳜和鲢人工繁殖各时间段与水温的相关性。结果表明:鳜孵化时间和开口时间与水温(18~28℃)显著相关,受精卵孵化时间(y)与水温(x)的关系式为y=41 058x~(-2.142 4),R~2=0.995 2,仔鱼开口时间(y)与水温(x)的关系式为y=-0.099 6x~2-5.226 0x+266.02,R2=0.961 4;鲢的效应和孵化总时间(y)与水温(16℃x32℃)的关系式为y=0.051 4x~2-4.924 4x+129.91,R~2=0.978 2;鳜、鲢配套催产时间(y)与水温(x)的关系式为y=-0.151 0x~2-0.301 6x+136.11。研究表明,在水温18~28℃条件下,可根据水温计算出鲢的催产时间,为在鳜人工繁育生产中进行开口饵料鱼的精准配套提供参考。 相似文献
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Shun Watanabe Jun Aoyama Seishi Hagihara Bunpei Ai Rhodora V. Azanza Katsumi Tsukamoto 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(3):375-383
Anguilla luzonensis and A. huangi were each described in 2009 using eels obtained from northern Luzon Island. We examined the taxonomic status of these two groups of eels using morphological and molecular genetic characters. There were no significant differences in two vertebrae counts between eels of A. luzonensis and A. huangi. Mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome b genes sequences were obtained and compared among 28 specimens of A. luzonensis, the holotypes of A. luzonensis and A. huangi, and one specimen of the other 15 anguillid species. The specimens of A. luzonensis exhibited almost identical sequences, including the holotype, with only a few site differences, and the genetic difference between the holotypes of A. luzonensis and A. huangi was within the range of differences of specimens of A. luzonensis. The other anguillid species were genetically very different from A. luzonensis and A. huangi, although A. interioris is a closely related species. It is clear that A. luzonensis and A. huangi are the same species, and according to the principle of priority in zoological nomenclature, A. luzonensis Watanabe, Aoyama, and Tsukamoto, 2009 is the valid species name, and A. huangi Teng, Lin, and Tzeng, 2009 is a junior synonym of A. luzonensis. 相似文献
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The effects of exposing the eggs of Pacific threadfin and amberjack eggs (AEs) to different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide for 5 min on hatch rate and survival were assessed in a series of experiments using a petri dish model rearing system. Despite significant inter‐batch variation in hatch rate, it was shown that eggs of both species could be safely exposed to up to 11 340 mg L−1 H2O2 for 5 min. Exposure to 34 230 mg L−1 H2O2 for 5 min was shown to be lethal to AEs at a late stage of development. In two further experiments, it was demonstrated that Pacific threadfin eggs were resistant to all tested concentrations of a range of polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine (PVP‐I) concentrations and contact times (up to 1000 mg L−1 PVP‐I for 10 min). The level of bacteria adhering to the eggs of both species was highly variable. Where eggs were heavily colonized (>104 cfu egg−1), hydrogen peroxide concentrations of at least 11 340 mg L−1, or PVP‐I concentrations higher than 500 mg L−1 for 10 min, were required for effective sterilization. In less colonized batches, rinsing in sterile seawater or exposure to lower (550 mg L−1) concentrations of H2O2 was sufficient to result in high apparent levels of surface sterility (<1 cfu egg−1). 相似文献
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Nuhman Usman Bambang Irawan Agoes Soegianto 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(4):547-556
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of lead for different life stages of shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and to determine the effect of its sublethal concentrations on osmoregulatory capacity (OC) as well as the possible histological alteration in the gills of juvenile shrimp. The 24‐, 48‐, and 96‐h LC50 values for lead to L. vannamei increased progressively with increasing life stage, from nauplii < zoeae < mysis < postlarvae < juvenile. After 15‐d exposure to 3.25, 6.50, and 9.75 mg Pb/L, the OC values of exposed shrimp were reduced by 39, 73, and 157%, respectively compared to control animals. Compared to controls, the lead concentrations in gill tissues increased significantly by 127,500, 137,500, and 141,000% in shrimps exposed to 3.25, 6.50, and 9.75 mg Pb/L, respectively. After lead exposure, hemocytic congestion in efferent vessels and multiple hyperplasia were observed in gill filaments, resulting in narrowed hemolymphatic lacuna. The histopathological effects increased with increasing Pb concentration. 相似文献
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对驼背鲈(Chromileptes altivelis)的胚胎发育及仔、稚、幼鱼的形态特征进行了详细的观察与研究,描述了从受精卵到仔、稚、幼鱼各发育期的时间和形态特征变化。结果表明,在水温25-26℃、盐度30的海水中,受精卵历时27 h 25 min完成整个胚胎发育过程,经历从卵裂、囊胚、原肠、神经胚到肌节形成、各器官的逐渐形成、变化、完善等一系列的胚胎发育和变化过程;根据其卵黄囊消长情况、鳞片的覆盖状态、体色发生的不同变化以及第二背鳍和腹鳍的消长,将胚后发育分为仔、稚、幼鱼3个阶段。在水温22-26℃、盐度29-31、DO≥5 mg/L的条件下,2-3 d仔鱼卵黄囊消失,开口摄食;生长发育至31 d,仔鱼已变态进入稚鱼期;培育至57 d,稚鱼完成变态,成为幼鱼。第二背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的生长与收缩等石斑鱼类早期发育的共性生长特征及其体表特性体色变化特征为驼背鲈胚后发育过程中最明显的特征。 相似文献
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Charles C. Mischke Matt J. Griffin Terrence E. Greenway David Wise 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(2):288-292
Mosquitofish, Gambusia sp., have been spread throughout the world to biologically control mosquitoes. However, the fish has gained a reputation as an invasive species and has been implicated in displacing native aquatic species. Gambusia affinis are native to the southeastern United States and commonly occur in commercial channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, production ponds. We investigated effects of mosquitofish presence on zooplankton populations, water quality, disease occurrence, and fish production in experimental ponds. There were no differences between ponds with or without mosquitofish in numbers of calanoid copepods, cyclopoid copepods, total copepods, Bosmina sp., Ceriodaphnia sp., Moina sp., Daphnia sp., or total cladocerans. There were also no differences in copepod and cladoceran sizes. Copepod nauplii were more numerous during the summer months in ponds with mosquitofish. There were no differences in water quality variables (soluble reactive phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH) or phytoplankton density between ponds stocked with and without mosquitofish. Catfish production and disease occurrence were also similar between ponds with and without mosquitofish. Although mosquitofish may cause problems when stocked outside their native range, there does not appear to be any adverse effects of mosquitofish presence in catfish production ponds. 相似文献
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Effect of Temperature on Growth,Energy Budget,and Physiological Performance of Green,White, and Purple Color Morphs of Sea Cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus 
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下载免费PDF全文 Yucen Bai Yan Chen Yang Pan Libin Zhang Shilin Liu Xiaoshang Ru Lili Xing Tao Zhang Hongsheng Yang Jing Li 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2018,49(3):625-637
As an intertidal species, Apostichopus japonicus is subject to diel and seasonal temperature fluctuations. Color variation is a distinct characteristic of A. japonicus, and a new color morph, purple A. japonicus, was recently found on the coast of Rushan, Weihai City. This study was conducted to compare the performance of green, white, and purple color morphs of A. japonicus at different water temperatures to help improving aquaculture technology and management. In this study, green, white, and purple color morphs of juvenile A. japonicus (1.5 ± 0.1 g) were cultured at 10, 14, 18, 22, and 26 C for 60 d, according to the suitable temperature range for sea cucumber growth. Temperature was shown to have a significant effect on growth, energy budget, and physiology of sea cucumbers (P < 0.05). Specific growth rates, feed conversion efficiencies, and the proportion of energy allocated to growth of all three color morphs were optimal at 18 C. Activities of the enzymes related with oxidative stress, immune response, and digestion were determined. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and trypsin activities generally reached a maximum in all three color morphs at 18 C. The purple color morph of A. japonicus was higher in growth rate, food conversion efficiency, and proportion of energy allocated to growth than green and white color morphs at 18 and 22 C, consistent with its higher trypsin and SOD activity, indicating the mutual effect of growth and physiology. At 18, 22, and 26 C, the green color morph had the highest level of lysozyme activity and purple color morph had the lowest, indicating possible infection by external pathogens of green color morph, which might be caused by high temperature. These results suggested that the optimum temperature for culture of the three color morphs was approximately 18 C, the purple had a better adaption to high temperature, and the green and white color morphs may be more susceptible to thermal stress than the purple color morph. 相似文献
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Mulloway (Argyrosomus japonicus) occur in estuarine and coastal waters surrounding Australia, Africa, India, Pakistan, China, Korea and Japan, where they are important in fisheries. This study identified that mulloway in south-eastern Australia had similar growth rates, but matured at smaller lengths and younger ages, to those in South Africa and Western Australia. Growth of both sexes was similar to about 5 years, after which females grew faster and attained a greater maximum length than males. Female mulloway matured at 4–5 years of age with a L50 of 68 cm, whereas males matured at 2–3 years of age with a L50 of 51 cm. The commercial fishery in New South Wales was characterised by declining catches and a reduction in the proportion of mulloway of mature lengths in landings. During 2002–2005 commercial landings were dominated (83%) by fish within 15 cm of the current minimum legal total length of 45 cm and aged 2 and 3 years (>80%), even though mulloway can attain lengths of 200 cm and live >30 years. Estimates of the rates of instantaneous total mortality ranged between 0.34 and 0.45, whilst the rate of instantaneous natural mortality (M) was estimated to be approximately 0.12. Yield-per-recruit analyses indicated that mulloway in New South Wales are being growth overfished and substantial increases in yield could be achieved by increasing the length at first harvest. Values of the spawning potential ratio were below 0.2 under a range of mortality estimates, suggesting that mulloway are at risk of recruitment overfishing. These results suggest that the spawning stock of mulloway in south-eastern Australia has been depleted and that remedial management action is required to protect this iconic species. 相似文献
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Recruitment strategy of swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, in Hiuchi-Nada, Japan 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The recruitment strategy of swimming crabs, Portunus trituberculatus, was investigated by field observations and numerical experiments in Hiuchi-Nada, Japan. Calculated dispersal patterns of zoeal and megalopal stages in a three-dimensional numerical model reproduce observed patterns accurately. The temporal change of vertical migration patterns between the 1st and 2nd zoeas and the 3rd and 4th zoeas plays an important role in the process of recruitment of P. trituberculatus from spawning ground to nursery ground. 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(4):89-93
Abstract Effects of salinity on embryonic development and growth of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, eggs and larvae were studied. Eggs were incubated at 27-29°C in 2,4,6,8, and 10 ppt sodium chloride. Rate of embryonic development was delayed in all salt solutions by 15, 15,28 and 30 minutes, in 2,4,6, and 8 ppt sodium chloride, respectively, when compared with the control group (0% salt); total mortality occurred at 12 hours after gastrula stage in the 10 ppt concentration. Percentage hatching was 45.1,47.7, 59.5,49.2, and 26.6% while percentage deformity was 10.4, 16.1, 52.0, 28.6, and 71.6% in 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 ppt salt treatments, respectively. There were significant differences (P <0.05) in the hatching percentage and in deformity percentage between 4, 6, and 8 ppt. Rate of yolk absorption was significantly faster in the control and 2 ppt salt treatments, but slower in 4, 6, and 8 ppt. Rate of increase in length was slower with increasing salinity. The optimum salinity for African catfish eggs and was between 0-2 ppt and acceptable up to 6 ppt. The results suggest that increasing salinity delayed hatching and development of African catfish eggs and larvae, respectively, as well as increased the deformity of the larvae. 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3-4):73-82
Abstract Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were raised in culture cages (1 m3) to determine the effect of stocking density on growth, survival, and percentage of market-size fish. Large fingerling rainbow trout (20-25 cm, 232 g average weight) were stocked into six cages located in a 0.4-ha pond. Two stocking densities (100 or 200 fish/cage) were used, and fish were grown for 140 days (2000-April 2001). Average total harvest weight (35.0 kg) in the low-density cages was approximately one-half the average total harvest weight (61.2 kg) in the high-density cages. Average weight gain (11.7 kg to 15.1 kg) and feed conversion (1.2 to 1.5) were also smaller for the low-density cages. Average survival was 96.7% for the low-density cages and 94.2% for the high-density cages, with the percentage of market-size fish (< 29 cm) averaging 50.3% and 52.0%, respectively. Production costs for the actual experiment and the revenues from fish sold at the end of the study were collected. An enterprise budget based on the experimental results for the two densities was developed to determine if a culture operation of this size would produce a net return. Production costs and revenues from the experiment resulted in a large negative return (-$3,124) and high breakeven price ($13.53/kg). 相似文献