共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Nanofabricated photonic materials offer opportunities for crafting the propagation and dispersion of light in matter. We demonstrate an experimental realization of a two-dimensional negative-index material in the blue-green region of the visible spectrum, substantiated by direct geometric visualization of negative refraction. Negative indices were achieved with the use of an ultrathin Au-Si3N4-Ag waveguide sustaining a surface plasmon polariton mode with antiparallel group and phase velocities. All-angle negative refraction was observed at the interface between this bimetal waveguide and a conventional Ag-Si3N4-Ag slot waveguide. The results may enable the development of practical negative-index optical designs in the visible regime. 相似文献
2.
一维类梳状波导是由在一维主链上周期性接枝而形成的光子晶体，利用界面响应理论可导出波导的色散关系，据此分别讨论了这种光子晶体的带隙宽度与波导接枝参数之间的关系，接枝的介电常数和长度的变化将会使对带隙的宽度发生改变，通过数值计算发现，对于不同类型的接枝，参数变化引起的带隙宽度的变化趋势基本相同，而不同的参数产生的影响则有很大差别。特别的，当参数变化至某些特定点时带隙将会消失，这和其他类型的光子晶体完全不同，带隙的消失不是因为缺陷而仅仅是因为参数改变的影响。 相似文献
3.
An all-dielectric coaxial waveguide that can overcome problems of polarization rotation and pulse broadening in the transmission of optical light is presented here. It consists of a coaxial waveguiding region with a low index of refraction, bounded by two cylindrical, dielectric, multilayer, omnidirectional reflecting mirrors. The waveguide can be designed to support a single mode whose properties are very similar to the unique transverse electromagnetic mode of a traditional metallic coaxial cable. The new mode has radial symmetry and a point of zero dispersion. Moreover, because the light is not confined by total internal reflection, the waveguide can guide light around very sharp corners. 相似文献
4.
Walker DA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1977,197(4300):257-259
Earlier observations of a seismic waveguide in the northwestern Pacific with a velocity of 8.3 kilometers per second to distances of approximately 30 degrees are complemented by suggestions of a possible waveguide with a velocity of 7.8 kilometers per second to distances well in excess of 30 degrees . 相似文献
5.
Feng L Ayache M Huang J Xu YL Lu MH Chen YF Fainman Y Scherer A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6043):729-733
Optical communications and computing require on-chip nonreciprocal light propagation to isolate and stabilize different chip-scale optical components. We have designed and fabricated a metallic-silicon waveguide system in which the optical potential is modulated along the length of the waveguide such that nonreciprocal light propagation is obtained on a silicon photonic chip. Nonreciprocal light transport and one-way photonic mode conversion are demonstrated at the wavelength of 1.55 micrometers in both simulations and experiments. Our system is compatible with conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processing, providing a way to chip-scale optical isolators for optical communications and computing. 相似文献
6.
用四阶龙格-库塔法求解了10cm长光波导放大器中的光功率传输方程,研究了步长对光波导放大器增益特性的影响.结果表明,步长对放大器增益特性的影响较大,特别是当步长为1cm时,放大器的增益在非饱和区呈振荡状态. 相似文献
7.
Khaykovich L Schreck F Ferrari G Bourdel T Cubizolles J Carr LD Castin Y Salomon C 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5571):1290-1293
We report the production of matter-wave solitons in an ultracold lithium-7 gas. The effective interaction between atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate is tuned with a Feshbach resonance from repulsive to attractive before release in a one-dimensional optical waveguide. Propagation of the soliton without dispersion over a macroscopic distance of 1.1 millimeter is observed. A simple theoretical model explains the stability region of the soliton. These matter-wave solitons open possibilities for future applications in coherent atom optics, atom interferometry, and atom transport. 相似文献
8.
We show that resonant coupling of synchrotron beams into suitable nanostructures can be used for the generation of coherent x-ray point sources. A two-dimensionally confining x-ray waveguide structure has been fabricated by e-beam lithography. By shining a parallel undulator beam onto the structure, a discrete set of resonant modes can be excited in the dielectric cavity, depending on the two orthogonal coupling angles between the beam and the waveguide interfaces. The resonant excitation of the modes is evidenced from the characteristic set of coupling angles as well as the observed far-field pattern. The x-ray nanostructure may be used as coherent x-ray point sources with a beam cross section in the nanometer range. 相似文献
9.
为提高连续式微波干燥机微波能利用率和发芽糙米干燥品质,运用电磁场仿真软件HFSS,分析磁控管波导安装方式(横式、纵式等)、干燥室内面与面间过渡形式(直角和圆弧)对干燥室内电磁场传递和分布影响规律,优化干燥室内物料输送带安装位置。结果表明,连续式微波干燥机磁控管波导安装方式、干燥室内六条边界面间过渡形式对电场分布均匀性和强度影响显著,磁控管输出波导位置和安装形式对干燥室中输送带上发芽糙米影响最显著。磁控管波导纵向排横列和直棱角微波干燥机干燥室形式,有较高微波能利用率和微波场分布均匀度。研究结果为提高微波干燥发芽糙米均匀性和控制干燥温度提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
A dielectric omnidirectional reflector 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Y Fink JN Winn S Fan C Chen J Michel JD Joannopoulos EL Thomas 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5394):1679-1682
A design criterion that permits truly omnidirectional reflectivity for all polarizations of incident light over a wide selectable range of frequencies was used in fabricating an all-dielectric omnidirectional reflector consisting of multilayer films. The reflector was simply constructed as a stack of nine alternating micrometer-thick layers of polystyrene and tellurium and demonstrates omnidirectional reflection over the wavelength range from 10 to 15 micrometers. Because the omnidirectionality criterion is general, it can be used to design omnidirectional reflectors in many frequency ranges of interest. Potential uses depend on the geometry of the system. For example, coating of an enclosure will result in an optical cavity. A hollow tube will produce a low-loss, broadband waveguide, whereas a planar film could be used as an efficient radiative heat barrier or collector in thermoelectric devices. 相似文献
11.
An artificial crystal structure has been fabricated exhibiting a full three-dimensional photonic bandgap effect at optical communication wavelengths. The photonic crystal was constructed by stacking 0.7-micrometer period semiconductor stripes with the accuracy of 30 nanometers by advanced wafer-fusion technique. A bandgap effect of more than 40 decibels (which corresponds to 99.99% reflection) was successfully achieved. The result encourages us to create an ultra-small optical integrated circuit including a three-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide with a sharp bend. 相似文献
12.
Makris NC Ratilal P Symonds DT Jagannathan S Lee S Nero RW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5761):660-663
Until now, continental shelf environments have been monitored with highly localized line-transect methods from slow-moving research vessels. These methods significantly undersample fish populations in time and space, leaving an incomplete and ambiguous record of abundance and behavior. We show that fish populations in continental shelf environments can be instantaneously imaged over thousands of square kilometers and continuously monitored by a remote sensing technique in which the ocean acts as an acoustic waveguide. The technique has revealed the instantaneous horizontal structural characteristics and volatile short-term behavior of very large fish shoals, containing tens of millions of fish and stretching for many kilometers. 相似文献
13.
Observations and modeling of 3- to 6-hertz seismic shear waves trapped within the fault zone of the 1992 Landers earthquake series allow the fine structure and continuity of the zone to be evaluated. The fault, to a depth of at least 12 kilometers, is marked by a zone 100 to 200 meters wide where shear velocity is reduced by 30 to 50 percent. This zone forms a seismic waveguide that extends along the southern 30 kilometers of the Landers rupture surface and ends at the fault bend about 18 kilometers north of the main shock epicenter. Another fault plane waveguide, disconnected from the first, exists along the northern rupture surface. These observations, in conjunction with surface slip, detailed seismicity patterns, and the progression of rupture along the fault, suggest that several simple rupture planes were involved in the Landers earthquake and that the inferred rupture front hesitated or slowed at the location where the rupture jumped from one to the next plane. Reduction in rupture velocity can tentatively be attributed to fault plane complexity, and variations in moment release can be attributed to variations in available energy. 相似文献
14.
The rubbing of a polymer layer, a commonly applied process, leads to an anisotropic surface morphology, aligning liquid crystal molecules. Scanning force microscopy can be used to intentionally create areas with a similar anisotropy by operating the instrument at loads in the range of 10(-7) to 10(-5) newtons. These areas have an orientation effect on liquid crystals indistinguishable from the rubbing process, which allows a systematic investigation of the orientation properties of an alignment layer as a function of its nanometer-scale morphology. Refractive index patterns can be tailored with this method by scratching a suitable area, as demonstrated by fabrication of an optical waveguide 6 micrometers wide and 5 millimeters long. 相似文献
15.
具有缺陷的光子晶体,光子频率带隙内将出现局域模,而线缺陷相应地形成一个传输效率很高的光波导.计算了空气中Al材料的旋转四边形直柱光子晶体存在线缺陷时的带结构和态密度,给出了二维方形光子晶体的波导的TM模的电场分布,并讨论了波导耦合的传输效率. 相似文献
16.
This work presents the fabrication of biologically inspired artificial compound eyes. The artificial ommatidium, like that of an insect's compound eyes, consists of a refractive polymer microlens, a light-guiding polymer cone, and a self-aligned waveguide to collect light with a small angular acceptance. The ommatidia are omnidirectionally arranged along a hemispherical polymer dome such that they provide a wide field of view similar to that of a natural compound eye. The spherical configuration of the microlenses is accomplished by reconfigurable microtemplating, that is, polymer replication using the deformed elastomer membrane with microlens patterns. The formation of polymer waveguides self-aligned with microlenses is also realized by a self-writing process in a photosensitive polymer resin. The angular acceptance is directly measured by three-dimensional optical sectioning with a confocal microscope, and the detailed optical characteristics are studied in comparison with a natural compound eye. 相似文献
17.
The cost of photovoltaic power can be reduced with organic solar concentrators. These are planar waveguides with a thin-film organic coating on the face and inorganic solar cells attached to the edges. Light is absorbed by the coating and reemitted into waveguide modes for collection by the solar cells. We report single- and tandem-waveguide organic solar concentrators with quantum efficiencies exceeding 50% and projected power conversion efficiencies as high as 6.8%. The exploitation of near-field energy transfer, solid-state solvation, and phosphorescence enables 10-fold increases in the power obtained from photovoltaic cells, without the need for solar tracking. 相似文献
18.
张颖 《河北农业技术师范学院学报》2014,(4):62-67
利用量子波导理论研究连一杂质双环介观结构的电子输运性质,讨论了环臂长以及磁通量对电子透射几率和持续电流的影响.结果表明,在杂质位置、强度和磁通量一定时,透射几率和两环中的持续电流均随环臂长的改变做周期性振荡,且振荡周期相同;左环中持续电流的峰值明显大于右环中持续电流的峰值,而且左右两环持续电流的顺时针最大值明显比逆时针最大值大.当杂质位置、强度和环臂长一定时,透射几率和两环中的持续电流均随磁通量的改变做周期性振荡,左右两环持续电流的顺时针最大值与逆时针最大值相等. 相似文献
19.
Paiella R Capasso F Gmachl C Sivco DL Baillargeon JN Hutchinson AL Cho AY Liu HC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,290(5497):1739-1742
We report on the generation of picosecond self-mode-locked pulses from midinfrared quantum cascade lasers, at wavelengths within the important molecular fingerprint region. These devices are based on intersubband electron transitions in semiconductor nanostructures, which are characterized by some of the largest optical nonlinearities observed in nature and by picosecond relaxation lifetimes. Our results are interpreted with a model in which one of these nonlinearities, the intensity-dependent refractive index of the lasing transition, creates a nonlinear waveguide where the optical losses decrease with increasing intensity. This favors the generation of ultrashort pulses, because of their larger instantaneous intensity relative to continuous-wave emission. 相似文献
20.
Yao J Liu Z Liu Y Wang Y Sun C Bartal G Stacy AM Zhang X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5891):930
Negative refraction in metamaterials has generated great excitement in the scientific community. Although negative refraction has been realized in microwave and infrared by using metamaterials and by using two-dimensional waveguide structures, creation of a bulk metamaterial showing negative refraction at visible frequency has not been successful, mainly because of the significant resonance losses and fabrication difficulties. We report bulk metamaterials made of nanowires that show such negative refraction for all incident angles in the visible region. Moreover, the negative refraction occurs far from any resonance, resulting in a low-loss and a broad-band propagation at visible frequencies. These remarkable properties can substantially affect applications such as imaging, three-dimensional light manipulation, and optical communication. 相似文献