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1.
Ovine platelets suspended in homologous plasma aggregated effectively in response to adenosine-diphosphate, acid-soluble collagen and aggregated moderately to serotonin and arachidonic acid. Ovine platelet aggregation, in response to each agent, was inhibited in a concentration dependent fashion by T-2 toxin. The platelet aggregates which formed in the presence of T-2 toxin appeared to be less stable than aggregates in comparable control platelet suspensions.  相似文献   

2.
Platelet function was assessed by aggregometry in 10 Holstein calves before and after exposure to Pasteurella haemolytica (biotype A, serotype 1) by intrabronchial challenge. At 24 h after exposure the platelets had become more reactive to stimulation with known platelet agonists such as adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) and the platelet aggregates that formed were more resistant to disaggregation. The activation of platelets was an early response in the challenged calves as platelet function had returned to pretreatment levels 72 h after exposure to the bacteria while the acute phase reactant proteins, haptoglobin and fibrinogen, were approaching their peak values and alpha 2-macroglobulin levels had also risen significantly (P < 0.05) at this time. The plasma levels of these proteins were still elevated and albumin levels were depressed 6 d post-treatment. At post-mortem all calves exhibited pneumonic tissue damage. When P. haemolytica leukotoxin was added directly to bovine platelet suspensions both spontaneous aggregation and an increase in the aggregation response to ADP and PAF stimulation were observed. The morphological appearance of the platelet aggregates exhibited the typical pattern for bovine platelets with 2 distinct zones of cells being visible within each aggregate. One zone contained platelets in which the cytoplasmic granules were still evident and the other zone contained irregularly shaped platelets devoid of granular content. In the latter zone, discrete gaps, or pores, were evident in the plasma membrane of numerous platelets. This pore formation is characteristic of leukotoxin action and is not observed in ADP or PAF induced aggregates.  相似文献   

3.
Chondrocytes dedifferentiate to a fibroblast‐like phenotype on plastic surfaces. Dedifferentiation is reversible if these cells are then cultured embedded in gels as alginate, agarose or collagen. Chondrocytes cultured in suspension on a non‐adherent surface are also known to form aggregates of differentiated cells. The knowledge of chondrocyte behavior in culture is relevant for tissue engineering purposes. In this report we describe a simple method to culture differentiated or redifferentiated rabbit auricular chondrocytes on plastic surfaces with a stable phenotype. When chondrocyte aggregates formed in suspension are next seeded on plastic surfaces, most of them attach to the plastic as round or polygonal cells, and this morphological differentiation, confirmed by the presence of type II collagen, is stable for long culture periods. We also report that the addition of aggregates to monolayer cultures of dedifferentiated chondrocytes results in their redifferentiation, as is shown by their morphological changes and the synthesis of type II collagen. Therefore, this simple method can be useful for the study of chondrocyte behavior on plastic surfaces and for redifferentiating previously proliferated chondrocytes in tissue engineering techniques. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that, in addition to culture conditions such as cell isolation method or cell‐density, chondrocyte behavior on plastic depends on the presence or absence of aggregates resulting from the dissociation process.  相似文献   

4.
Chondrocytes dedifferentiate to a fibroblast-like phenotype on plastic surfaces. Dedifferentiation is reversible if these cells are then cultured embedded in gels as alginate, agarose or collagen. Chondrocytes cultured in suspension on a non-adherent surface are also known to form aggregates of differentiated cells. The knowledge of chondrocyte behavior in culture is relevant for tissue engineering purposes. In this report we describe a simple method to culture differentiated or redifferentiated rabbit auricular chondrocytes on plastic surfaces with a stable phenotype. When chondrocyte aggregates formed in suspension are next seeded on plastic surfaces, most of them attach to the plastic as round or polygonal cells, and this morphological differentiation, confirmed by the presence of type II collagen, is stable for long culture periods. We also report that the addition of aggregates to monolayer cultures of dedifferentiated chondrocytes results in their redifferentiation, as is shown by their morphological changes and the synthesis of type II collagen. Therefore, this simple method can be useful for the study of chondrocyte behavior on plastic surfaces and for redifferentiating previously proliferated chondrocytes in tissue engineering techniques. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that, in addition to culture conditions such as cell isolation method or cell-density, chondrocyte behavior on plastic depends on the presence or absence of aggregates resulting from the dissociation process.  相似文献   

5.
The possibility of storage of canine platelet concentrates (PC) was investigated using PC from dogs which were obtained with an automatic cell separator in C4-cell separation sets with low gasdiffusionable Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) storage containers or in C4L-sets developed for storage with high gasdiffusionable Polyolefin (PO) containers, respectively. The storage was carried out for a period of 10 days under permanent agitation at 22 degrees C (C4/22 degrees C, n = 10; C4L/22 degrees C, n = 11) or at 4 degrees C (C4L/4 degrees C, n = 6), respectively. Measurements were done directly after production of the PC, after 6 hours and then daily during the 10-day storage period. In the first part of this paper the results of platelet count (determined automatically with a blood cell differentiation automat and visually), the number of platelet aggregates, the mean platelet volume (MPV) as well as the platelet function with regard to the platelet aggregation induced by collagen or ADP and the resonance-thrombogram (RTG) are presented. The platelet count, measured automatically as well as visually, remained preponderantly constant over the complete storage time in all storage conditions. Dependent on the storage conditions--especially under storage at 22 degrees C--an increase of the number of platelet aggregates and a decrease of MPV was determined. In addition, the loss of platelet function measured by aggregation induced by collagen as well as by ADP showed a significant dependency of storage conditions. The stored platelets lost their ability to aggregate under C4/22 degrees C-conditions after a storage period of 2 days, under C4L/22 degrees C-conditions after 4 days and under C4L/4 degrees C-conditions not before 8 days of storage. Previous resuspending of platelets in fresh plasma delayed the loss of platelet function. Because the loss of platelet function described in the RTG became significant at nearly the same point in time, a storage of canine PC under corresponding conditions can be recommended for upto 2 days (C4/22 degrees C), for 4 days (C4L/22 degrees C) or 8-10 days (C4L/4 degrees C), respectively.  相似文献   

6.
BACKGROUND: Platelet aggregates are a common artifact in canine blood. Aggregates may affect the accuracy of platelet counts, with important consequences for patient care. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine if platelet counts in dogs were more accurate if blood was collected into citrate instead of EDTA as an anticoagulant. METHODS: Blood was collected from 50 dogs with neoplasia admitted to the oncology service at Cornell University. EDTA and citrate Vacutainer tubes were filled with blood in random order. Platelet counts and parameters (mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet distribution width [PDW], mean platelet component concentration [MPC], platelet component distribution width [PCDW], and automated platelet clump count [APCC]) were determined using an optical-based hematology analyzer (ADVIA 120). Blood smears from each anticoagulated sample were scored visually for platelet aggregates. RESULTS: The median platelet count was significantly lower (median decrease, 27 x 10(9)/L) in citrate-anticoagulated blood compared with EDTA-anticoagulated blood. This was attributed to platelet activation and aggregation: significantly more aggregates were seen in smears of citrate- than of EDTA-anticoagulated blood. Aggregates were typically small and not detected by the analyzer. Also, the MPV and MPC (or density) were significantly higher (median increase, 3 fL) and lower (median decrease, 33 g/L) in citrate-anticoagulated samples, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Platelets aggregate, likely from activation, when blood from dogs with neoplasia is anticoagulated with citrate for hematology testing, resulting in lower platelet counts. Citrate also yields inaccurate results for MPV and MPC, likely because of inadequate sphering of platelets. Thus, we recommend that citrate not be used as an anticoagulant when accurate platelet counts are desired in dogs.  相似文献   

7.
The objective of this study was to detect the influence of short-term storage on the haemostatic function in whole citrated ovine blood at different storage temperatures. Ovine blood was collected in a commercial transfer bag system containing CPDA-1 and stored on a wobbler at room (20-25 °C; n = 5) or refrigerator temperature (4 °C; n = 5). The following analyses were performed initially and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of storage: platelet count and (spontaneous) aggregates, agonist-induced platelet aggregation with two methods (impedance aggregometry, turbidimetric method), prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen concentration and resonance thrombography.Platelet count remained stable at room temperature, whereas a significant decrease was detected after 48 h storage at 4 °C. The latter was associated with the formation of a high percentage of platelet aggregates (50-60%) after 5 h storage. Decrease in platelet aggregation was significantly more pronounced when blood was stored at 4 °C. The plasmatic coagulation tests were stable within the observation period.Results indicate that platelet count and aggregability of CPDA-1-stabilised ovine blood is better preserved at room temperature and provides adequate haemostatic function for ex vivo experiments for one working day. Functional loss and high percentage of platelets within aggregates which were observed in ovine blood stored at refrigerator temperature have to be considered in blood transfusion in sheep.  相似文献   

8.
The clinical, histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings in three dogs with granulomatous scleritis are reported. The lesions of granulomatous scleritis were characterized by vasculitis, collagenolysis, granulomatous inflammation and perivascular lymphoplasmacytic aggregation. There was evidence of vascular immune complex deposition, and the inflammatory aggregates contained T lymphocytes, IgG plasma cells and macrophages expressing class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). There was no evidence for an infectious etiology in any case, and one of the dogs subsequently developed cutaneous vascular disease consistent with a systemic immune-mediated disorder. Canine granulomatous scleritis has an immunopathogenesis likely involving primary type IV hypersensitivity, with a probable underlying type III involvement.  相似文献   

9.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rheologic responses of equine versus human RBC to oxidant stress induced by superoxide anions. SAMPLE POPULATION: Equine blood samples were obtained from 8 healthy, 3- to 6-year-old various breed horses of either sex; human blood samples were obtained from 8 healthy adults. PROCEDURE: Washed RBC were exposed to superoxide anions generated by the xanthine oxidase (XO)-hypoxanthine system (XO activity of 0 to 0.1 U/ml). Deformability of RBC was assessed by ektacytometry, and RBC aggregation was measured in autologous plasma or 3% solution of dextran 70 via a defined-shear photometric technique. RESULTS: Equine RBC had XO dose-dependent increases in methemoglobin concentration that were greater by 60 to 110% than in human RBC and an enhanced tendency for echinocyte formation (ie, 40% echinocyte formation at highest activity of XO). Oxidant stress reduced deformability (ie, increased rigidity) for equine and human RBC with the effect more prominent for equine RBC. Equine RBC aggregation had a biphasic response with a significant increase in plasma and dextran 70 at low XO activities and inhibition at high activities; echinocytes were incorporated into equine, but not human, RBC aggregates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Compared with human RBC, equine RBC are more sensitive to oxidant damage as judged by the extent of methemoglobin formation, alteration of aggregation, and reduction of cellular deformability. The high susceptibility of equine RBC to oxidant damage, and the resulting hemorheologic alterations, may have important consequences for tissue perfusion and cardiovascular adequacy in horses; they may be of particular relevance in physiologic or pathophysiologic changes associated with increased oxidant stress.  相似文献   

10.
苜蓿花药悬浮培养体系的建立及其影响因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)花药悬浮培养体系的建立可为苜蓿体细胞杂交、遗传转化以及获得苜蓿单倍体,建立苜蓿加倍单倍体群体(DH)提供快捷有效的途径。采用固-液培养基结合的方式建立苜蓿花药悬浮培养体系,通过探索体系建立的基础条件及其影响因素,可建立适宜的苜蓿花药悬浮培养体系。结果表明,苜蓿悬浮培养体系中,基本液体培养基为NB培养基,培养液最佳组合为NB+2,4-D 0.3 mg·L-1+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1,蔗糖2%;建立苜蓿花药悬浮细胞系,应选取淡黄色或乳白色,结构疏松,颗粒状胚性愈伤组织为悬浮培养的基础材料;苜蓿花药悬浮细胞系继代周期为6~8 d;苜蓿花药悬浮培养时初始接种量为2g/30mL时悬浮细胞PCV、鲜重以及干重的增殖倍数最高,增殖倍数均超过4倍;植物生长调节剂2,4-D的添加浓度以0.3 mg·L-1为宜;糖作为组织培养过程中唯一的碳源,在苜蓿细胞悬浮培养体系中应有一定的浓度范围。因此,苜蓿花药悬浮培养中,蔗糖浓度为2%-3%时效果最好。  相似文献   

11.
The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of physical activity on the daily rhythm of platelet aggregation and body temperature in horses. Blood samples from 12 Thoroughbred horses, six sedentary animals and six athletes (studied both before and after a period of inactivity) were collected at 4h intervals for 48h via an intravenous cannula inserted into the jugular vein. Body temperature was recorded every 4h for 48h with a rectal probe. Platelet aggregation was measured with an aggregometer. Collagen was used to test the aggregation of the plasma samples. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and by single cosinor method. Cosinor analysis identified the periodic parameters and their acrophases (expressed in hours) during the 2 days of monitoring. On each single day, there was a highly significant effect of time in all the horses, with P values <0.05. Temperature rhythms were unaffected by exercise. Platelet aggregation in exercising horses differed from the sedentary horses, and this difference disappeared after a 2-week period of rest. The results could be interpreted as indicating that physical exercise has an influence on the daily rhythm of platelet aggregation in horses.  相似文献   

12.
A retrospective study was undertaken in which cytological features of basal cell tumours from 18 dogs and 12 cats were examined. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed for cytological examination and diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological examination of excised tumour specimens. Cytological smears were analysed for occurrence of cystic areas, as well as frequencies of squamous cells, fibrocytes, fibroblasts, neutrophils, lymphocytes, mast cells, melanocytes and basal cells. Basal cell aggregates were examined for indicators of malignancy, evidence of basaloid cell structure, well defined cellular borders and cell aggregation patterns. Cellularity and quality of smears was moderate to good, although, in six aspirates, cellularity was poor due to a high amount of degenerate material within the tumours. Fifteen of the smears revealed between one and three nuclear criteria of malignancy. However, despite the less well differentiated appearance of basal cells that was sometimes seen, the tumours were considered benign based on histopathological examination. Basal cell tumours are therefore likely to be underdiagnosed on cytological examination due to non-specific features. The occurrence of other cell populations and lack of cells with basaloid structures and linear aggregation patterns might further confuse the tumour diagnosis. The authors conclude that the cytological diagnosis of basal cell tumours can be based on the criteria described in the present study.  相似文献   

13.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical usefulness of cardiac event recording in evaluating dogs and cats with unexplained syncope, episodic collapse, or intermittent weakness. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 58 dogs and 2 cats. PROCEDURE: Medical records and electrocardiographic rhythm strips obtained by cardiac event recordings were reviewed. Cardiac rhythm data from the event recordings were classified as diagnostic or nondiagnostic. Diagnostic yield was calculated by dividing the number of animals for which cardiac event recording was diagnostic by the total number of animals undergoing cardiac event recording. RESULTS: For 51 animals, cardiac event recording was classified as diagnostic; therefore, overall diagnostic yield was 85%. Diagnostic yield was lower for animals without underlying structural heart disease (75.5%) than for animals with structural heart disease (95.6%). A specific arrhythmia was identified as the cause of clinical signs in 18 of the 51 (35%) animals for which cardiac event recording was diagnostic. Cardiac arrhythmia was definitively excluded as the cause of clinical signs in the remaining 33 (65%) animals in which cardiac event recording was diagnostic. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicate that cardiac event recording had a high diagnostic yield in dogs and cats examined because of unexplained syncope, episodic collapse, or transient weakness and ataxia, regardless of whether animals did or did not have an underlying structural heart disease. Diagnostic yield of cardiac event recording was higher than that reported previously for Holter monitoring.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To identify the normal gastric acid secretion profile in dogs and determine the degree of gastric acid suppression associated with 4 gastric acid suppressants. ANIMALS: 12 healthy Beagles. PROCEDURE: Intragastric pH was measured continuously for 24-hour periods with a digital recording system placed via a gastrostomy tube. Baseline measurements were obtained when food was withheld and when dogs were fed a standard diet. Dogs were then treated with ranitidine (2 mg/kg, IV, q 12 h), famotidine (0.5 mg/kg, IV, q 12 h), pantoprazole (1 mg/kg, IV, q 24 h), omeprazole (1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h), or saline solution for 7 days; intragastric pH was recorded on days 0, 2, and 6. Subsequently, the effects of administering famotidine (0.5 mg/kg, IV, q 8 h; 6 dogs) and omeprazole as a suspension (1 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h; 6 dogs) were evaluated. Median 24-hour intragastric pH, percentage of time pH was > or = 3, and percentage of time pH was > or = 4 were determined. RESULTS: Median pH, percentage of time pH was > or = 3, and percentage of time pH was > or = 4 were all significantly higher when food was withheld than when dogs were fed. Famotidine, pantoprazole, and omeprazole significantly suppressed gastric acid secretion, compared with saline solution, as determined on the basis of median 24-hour pH and percentages of time pH was > or = 3 or > or = 4. However, ranitidine did not. Omeprazole suspension suppressed gastric acid secretion. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that in healthy dogs, famotidine, pantoprazole, and omeprazole significantly suppress gastric acid secretion. Twice daily administration of a suspension of omeprazole, was the only regimen tested that approached the potential therapeutic efficacy for acid-related disease when assessed by criteria used for human patients.  相似文献   

15.
放牧是新疆山地草甸重要的利用方式,探明放牧对草地土壤呼吸的影响机制,可为深入了解草地碳汇功能,合理的利用草地提供参考依据。本研究在天山北坡中段山地草甸开展,以长期放牧和围封草地(CK)的土壤为研究对象,采用干筛法将土壤筛分为＜0.25 mm,0.25~1 mm,1~2 mm,2~4 mm粒径的土壤团聚体,并测定了各粒径团聚体的比例、土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶、土壤β-木糖苷酶、土壤N-乙酰-β-D葡萄糖苷酶活性及其21天的CO2释放量。研究结果表明：放牧显著增加了＜0.25 mm粒径的团聚体比例,降低了＜0.25 mm,1~2 mm土壤团聚体的CO2释放量;＜0.25 mm粒径土壤团聚体CO2释放量均显著高于其他粒径;三种土壤酶活性在＜0.25 mm,1~2 mm粒径的土壤团聚体中与土壤呼吸表现出显著的正相关。综合分析表明,在天山北坡中段山地草甸,放牧会抑制＜0.25 mm,1~2 mm团聚体酶活性,降低土壤呼吸,使得草地整体代谢速率降低。  相似文献   

16.
We propose a semi-parametric model for lactation curves that, along with stage of lactation, accounts for day of the year at milk recording and stage of gestation. Lactation is described as having 3 different phases defined by 2 change points of which the second is a function of gestation stage. Season of milk recording is modelled using cosine and sine functions. As an application, the model is used to estimate the association between intramammary infections (IMI) dynamics as measured by somatic cell count (SCC) over the dry period and the shape of the lactation curve. Milk recording data collected in 2128 herds from England and Wales between 2004 and 2007 were used in the analysis. From a random sample of 1000 of these herds, smoothed milk production was used to test the behaviour of the model and estimate model parameters. The first change point was set at 60 days in milk. The second change point was set at 100 days of gestation or 200 days in milk when the latter was not available. Using data from the 1128 remaining herds, multilevel models were then used to model individual test-day milk production within lactations within herds. Average milk production at 60 days in milk for cows of parities 1, 2, 3 and greater than 3 were 26.9 kg, 31.6 kg, 34.4 kg and 34.7 kg respectively and, after this stage, decreases in milk production per 100 days milk of lactation were 3.1 kg, 5.1 kg, 6.3 kg and 6.7 kg respectively. Compared to cows that had an SCC below 200,000 cells/mL on both the last milk recording in a lactation and the first milk recording in the following lactation, cows that had an SCC greater than 200,000 cells/mL on their first milk recording after calving had an estimated loss of milk production of between 216 and 518 kg depending on parity. These estimates demonstrate the impact of the dynamics of SCC during the dry period on milk production during the following lactation.  相似文献   

17.
A four-year-old Standardbred gelding presented with a 3.5 year history of intermittent epistaxis and spontaneous submucosal petechiae and ecchymoses in the nares and the mouth. Routine haematological and biochemical examinations were unremarkable. A thrombocytopathy was suspected when activated partial thromboplastin time, one stage prothrombin time, plasma fibrinogen and the platelet count were all normal. The patient's platelets failed to aggregate with serotonin, adenosine diphosphate, collagen (at 20 micrograms/ml) or the endoperoxide analogue U46619. Very high levels of collagen (100 micrograms/ml) did cause aggregation. The response to the calcium ionophore A23187 was reduced and although complete degranulation occurred the resulting aggregates were unstable. Thromboxane generation in response to collagen and ADP was inferred from the concentration of its stable metabolite thromboxane B2 and was reduced. A diagnosis of a thrombasthenia-like syndrome possibly equivalent to Type II Glanzmann's thrombasthenia in people was made.  相似文献   

18.
Platelet function was evaluated in horses with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (bleeder) and in control horses (nonbleeder). Platelet aggregation, secretion, and adhesion to rabbit aortic subendothelium were similar for bleeders and nonbleeders. Platelets readily aggregated in response to ADP, thrombin, collagen, and arachidonic acid, but platelet secretion occurred only with high concentrations of thrombin. Platelets readily adhered to rabbit aortic subendothelium and tended to form large thrombi rather than platelet monolayers or aggregates. These data suggest that horses may be predisposed to thrombus formation and subsequent microvascular obstruction.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract: Aggregation of feline platelets in vitro results in difficulty assessing platelet number. A citrate-based anticoagulant containing the platelet inhibitors theophylline, adenosine, and dipyridamole (CTAD; Diatube-H, Becton Dickinson, Oxford, UK) has been developed for use in human platelet studies and heparin assays. To evaluate the efficacy of CTAD in reducing platelet aggregation in feline blood samples, aliquots of blood from 51 cats were anticoagulated with EDTA, CTAD, and for 12 samples, citrate solution. Samples preserved in CTAD had significantly higher (P ≤ .001) platelet counts, as determined by an impedance counter, hemacy-tometer, and smear estimation, than samples preserved in EDTA. In addition, subjective assessment of blood smears showed significantly fewer platelet aggregates (P<.001) in CTAD-treated samples compared with EDTA samples. Although values were similar, automated platelet counts and smear estimates of platelet number were significantly higher (P < .05) and platelet aggregation was significantly less (P < .05) in CTAD samples than in citrate samples. These results suggest that the platelet inhibitory activity of CTAD reduced feline platelet aggregation. Automated total WBC counts in CTAD samples were significantly lower (P<.001) than automated counts in EDTA samples but were similar to manual WBC counts in EDTA samples. Differences in both platelet and WBC counts between CTAD and EDTA or citrate samples were clinically relevant. Mean platelet volume and MCV were significantly lower (P< .05) in CTAD samples than in EDTA samples. No effect was seen on cell morphology or staining characteristics. The anticoagulant CTAD offers an advantage over both EDTA and citrate for feline hematologic analysis, by decreasing pseudothrombocytopenia and pseudoleukocytosis.  相似文献   

20.
依托设置于青藏高原东部夏河县桑科草原的天然草地刈割型草场培育定位试验,探讨不同氮元素添加量对高寒草甸草地土壤物理性状的影响。本试验共设4个处理,分别为对照（CK,0 kg N／hm2）、低氮（LN,50 kg N／hm2）、中氮（MN,100 kg N／hm2）、高氮（HN,150 kg N／hm2）。通过对高寒草甸草地土壤容重、孔隙度、紧实度、土壤团聚体等物理性状进行测定与分析,结果表明,MN 与 HN 处理可显著降低0～10 cm 土壤容重与土壤紧实度、增加土壤总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度与最大持水量。20～30 cm 土层中 LN、MN、HN 处理均可显著增加土壤容重、土壤紧实度,降低土壤总孔隙度、最大持水量。对土壤团聚体的影响,与 CK 处理相比 MN、HN 处理可显著提高各土层≥0．25 mm 机械稳定性土壤团聚体含量、提升土壤团聚体平均重量直径（MWD）;较之 CK 处理,LN、MN处理可显著提升各土层≥0．25 mm 水稳性团聚体含量,同时不同氮元素添加处理均可显著提升水稳性团聚体和MWD,表明氮元素添加对该区土壤侵蚀性有较好的抑制作用,进而减少水土和养分的流失。对地上和地下生物量的影响,MN、HN 处理能显著提升草地地上生物量;MN 处理显著增加了地下生物量、HN 处理显著降低了地下生物量;LN 处理对地上与地下生物量的影响不显著。通过试验得出结论 MN 处理对土壤物理性状的改善效果较好,该处理改善了土壤容重、孔隙度及土壤紧实度,提高了土壤干筛≥0．25 mm 机械稳定性团聚体与湿筛≥0．25 mm水稳性团聚体含量及其稳定性（MWD）,增加了草地地上生物量和地下生物量。  相似文献   

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