共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 437 毫秒
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二倍体马铃薯基因组相对简单,借助二倍体进行育种可以加速马铃薯的育种进程,因此评价二倍体马铃薯种质的遗传多样性,挖掘和有效利用优良性状显得非常必要。为了筛选多态性的SSR标记,用55对SSR引物扩增39个遗传关系相对较远的二倍体马铃薯材料。选取分布在12条染色体上的12个具有高多态性的SSR标记评价192份二倍体马铃薯栽培品种的遗传多样性,共检测到98个等位位点,其中97个为多态性位点;每对SSR引物扩增出的等位位点为6~18个,平均8.2个。用非加权配对算术平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类,显示出所有供试材料的遗传关系:12对SSR引物可以将192份材料中的186份区分开;这192份材料被划分为11个组群,其中第一个组群包含了83.3%的材料。 相似文献
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以取自郑州果树研究所的45个葡萄品种为试材,利用SSR标记技术对其进行了遗传多样性分析.结果表明:利用19对基本核心引物对位于不同染色体上的SSR位点进行PCR扩增,共扩增出76条带,其中包括74条多态性条带.每对引物可检测到等位位点数为2～5个,多态率为66.7％～100％.通过聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离为0.41处,45份葡萄材料可分为三大类群.对供试葡萄品种的不同引物的扩增产物进行检测,得到了每个品种在一组位于不同染色体的SSR位点上的基因型图谱,从而初步建立一个供试葡萄品种的SSR基因型指纹库.这为利用SSR标记鉴定葡萄品种或品系提供了基础数据. 相似文献
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黑木耳栽培菌株的ISSR分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用锚定ISSR技术对21个栽培黑木耳(Auricularia auricula) 菌株进行了遗传多样性研究。从20个引物中选出10个ISSR引物, 扩增得到185个扩增位点, 大小分布在200～3 000 bp之间, 其中多态性位点181个, 多态性位点占97.84% , 表明ISSR标记的多态性非常高。平均每个位点的观察等位基因数(Na) 为1.9784, 每个位点的有效等位基因数(Ne) 为1.2396; 菌株间平均Nei基因多样性( h ) 为0.2732, Shannon信息指数( I) 为0.4278。Nei (1972) 遗传距离矩阵分析表明21个黑木耳菌株间遗传距离在0.36到0.55之间, 基因流(Nm ) 达到2.7528, 表明我国栽培黑木耳的遗传背景十分丰富, 遗传多样性很高, 同时表明我国各地域间栽培黑木耳菌株存在着很大的菌种交流。 相似文献
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以枣庄市石榴国家林木种质资源库中收集的168个石榴品种为材料，利用SSR分子标记技术构建了石榴品种资源指纹图谱，并基于指纹图谱信息，应用最大似然值法(LOD)对品种‘秋艳’和‘会理青皮软籽’的自然授粉实生苗进行了杂种筛选及父本初步鉴定。22对SSR引物从168个石榴品种样品中共扩增到76个等位标记位点，其中多态性位点58个，多态性为76.3%。平均等位位点数(Na)、有效等位位点数(Ne)、观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)分别为3.455、2.269、0.362、0.538,Shannon’s信息指数(I)平均值为0.897，多态性信息含量(PIC)介于0.330～0.692之间，平均PIC值为0.462。利用22对SSR引物可将166个石榴品种区分开，另有‘大满天红甜’和‘小满天红甜’2个品种未有效区分，有同物异名的可能；在此基础上构建了166个品种的特异指纹代码及指纹图谱二维码。基于指纹图谱信息，利用SSR标记从‘秋艳’的30个自然授粉子代实生苗中筛选到1个真杂种Q-1，疑似父本为‘峄城丰... 相似文献
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普通杏品种SSR遗传多样性分析 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
利用来自杏、桃和扁桃的25对SSR多态性引物对66个普通杏品种进行了PCR扩增及变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,共检测出284个等位位点,每对引物的等位位点数在3～17之间,平均为11.36。通过NTSYS软件计算得到的Dice相似性系数为0.083～0.987,平均值为0.370,表明中国普通杏种质资源的遗传多样性丰富。UPGMA法聚类将66份材料分为5个组。SSR标记反映出的品种间亲缘关系与根据地理生态类型对杏种质的分类结果基本一致。来自四川和贵州的多数品种独立聚成一组,表现出与其它品种较远的亲缘关系,该地区可能存在特异性较高的种质资源。证实了扁桃基因组SSR引物可用在杏SSR标记的研究中。 相似文献
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基于中国樱桃转录组的SSR分子标记开发与鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对中国樱桃(Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl.)休眠芽转录组数据进行了SSR位点搜索和分析,发现了7 197个SSR位点,总的发生频率为15.62%。SSR重复类型以二核苷酸发生频率最高(58.65%),三核苷酸次之(34.72%)。利用8对多态性引物在24份樱桃种质中进行了引物有效性验证和遗传多样性分析,结果表明有效等位基因数最大值为2.92(Pp SSR2),最小值为1.09(Pp SSR8),平均值为1.73;香农多样性指数变化范围是0.202~1.290,平均值为0.755。观察杂合度和期望杂合度的变化范围分别是0.083~0.917和0.082~0.671;平均值分别为0.391和0.384。香农多样性指数、观察杂合度和期望杂合度3个多样性指数最大值均出现在位点Pp SSR2,最小值出现在位点Pp SSR8。基于SSR标记的24份樱桃种质的聚类结果与经典的形态学分类不完全一致,但聚类结果清晰地划分出5个不同组别,说明浙江省的中国樱桃种质资源遗传多样性丰富。两个龙泉地方品种与其他的浙江樱桃种质资源明显不同,它们与山樱和浙闽樱有着更紧密的遗传关系,该地方品种可以作为樱桃新品种选育的优良材料,有利于拓宽现有樱桃栽培品种的遗传背景。 相似文献
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樱桃SRAP-PCR体系优化及其遗传多样性分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
选取亲缘关系较远的3个不同基因型樱桃资源为试材,对影响SRAP标记PCR反应的模板、Mg2+、dNTPs、Taq酶及引物浓度进行了优化,建立了适合于樱桃SRAP标记的扩增体系。反应体系具体为:模板DNA75ng,dNTPs0.2mmol·L-1,Mg2+2.5mmol·L-1,引物0.3μmol·L-1,Taq酶1.0U,反应总体积20μL。采用优化的扩增体系,对45个樱桃种质材料进行了遗传多样性分析,筛选8对扩增清晰且多态性高的引物组合,检测位点共227个,其中多态性位点192个,占84.6%。应用NTSYS-pc软件进行聚类分析(UPGMA),结果表明45个樱桃品种可分为欧洲甜樱桃和中国樱桃2大类,品种间遗传相似系数在0.52～0.98;其中中国樱桃与甜樱桃种间的相似系数最小,表明2类种质具有不同的遗传背景;而组群内的不同品种资源表现了较高的遗传相似性。SRAP分子标记的聚类分析揭示了樱桃品种间亲缘关系与地理分布以及来源相关。 相似文献
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利用苹果SSR引物分析山楂属植物遗传关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
SSR引物在不同物种间具有通用性,从141对苹果属(Malus spp.)SSR引物中筛选出10对适合于山楂属(Crataegus spp.)植物的SSR引物,并对8个种37份山楂种质资源的遗传关系进行了分析。10对SSR引物共检测到91个多态性谱带,每个位点的等位基因数为3～13个,平均为9.1个。位点杂合度为0.432～0.790,平均为0.688。10对SSR引物可以将20份山楂资源区分开,17份不能区分的资源分为3组,第1组为3个伏山楂品种,第2组和第3组分别包括大果山楂的2个和12个品种。基于SSR标记构建的聚类树状图将供试37份山楂资源分成2个类群,第1类群包括6个山楂野生种,第2类群包括供试的所有伏山楂、山楂和大果山楂资源。该聚类结果与传统形态学分类一致。 相似文献
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Yaroslav Ivanovych Roman Volkov 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(1):64-72
Microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to characterise 23 sweet cherry cultivars of Ukrainian, and four cultivars of non-Ukrainian, origin. To assess their genetic diversity and relatedness, 11 pairs of primers were applied to microsatellite loci, resulting in amplification of 66 SSR alleles. The mean value of the number of different alleles, and the polymorphic index content, amount to 7.333 and 0.700, respectively, demonstrating a significant genetic diversity of the investigated sweet cherry cultivars. Four highly polymorphic SSR loci (EMPAS02, EMPAS06, PceGA34, UDP98-412), which belong to the list recommended by the European Cooperative Program for Plant Genetic Resources, can be used as a minimum genetic marker set for identification of the majority of the studied cultivars; however, for successful discrimination of the most similar cultivars, more markers, located on all chromosomes of sweet cherry, appear to be necessary. Application of unweighted variable-group method using averages clustering allowed elucidation of the relatedness among the sweet cherry varieties, and showed that the Ukrainian cultivars combine genetic material of local, western European, and probably Caucasian origin; however, the origin of several cultivars still remains unclear, and should be studied additionally. 相似文献
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15个樱桃品种的RAPD分析 总被引：20，自引：4，他引：20
利用RAPD技术,用104条随机引物对甜樱桃的14个品种和中国樱桃的1个品种进行遗传多样性分析,其中有14条引物的多态性较好。用任意一条能出现扩增带的引物,能明显区分开中国樱桃和甜樱桃,RAPD标记能够准确地进行种间的区分;而用一个引物或两个引物的组合只能鉴定出甜樱桃的一个品种。聚类结果显示,中国樱桃和甜樱桃的遗传距离最远;黄色果肉的养老和其他红色果肉的品种遗传距离较远。RAPD分析基本能够反映甜樱桃品种间的遗传多样性,但效果不理想,鉴定品种较为困难。 相似文献
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Hatice Gulen Ahmet Ipek Sergul Ergin Emin Akcay Atilla Eris 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):427-431
SummaryThe characterisation of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) genetic resources in Turkey may help to increase their use in breeding programmes worldwide, as Turkey is the centre of origin of sweet cherry. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were therefore used to analyse genetic diversity among a total of 78 local and introduced sweet cherry cultivars. Four AFLP primer combinations, and six SSR primer pairs for sweet cherry were used for genetic diversity analysis. A genetic similarity matrix was calculated using the combined data from AFLP and SSR analyses with simple matching coefficient. Genetic similarities among the sweet cherry genotypes studied were higher than 42%. No two accessions had an identical AFLP and SSR marker profile, indicating that all 78 genotypes were unique. An UPGMA dendrogram, based on the similarity matrix, revealed 18 separate Groups at or above the 70% similarity level. While some Groups consisted of both introduced and local genotypes, other Groups had only local genotypes. This result suggests that there was broad genetic diversity among the local Turkish sweet cherry genotypes, which was not present in the introduced sweet cherry accessions. The genetic variation present in local Turkish sweet cherry genotypes may be useful for future breeding programmes. We found that the use of both SSR and AFLP marker systems was effective for distinguishing between genetically-close sweet cherry genotypes. These marker systems can be used to complement pomological and morphological markers during the characterisation and identification of sweet cherry genotypes. 相似文献
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为摸索适宜甜樱桃的SSR反应体系,利用正交设计对Mg2+、dNTPs、引物、Taq酶和模板DNA等5种因素4个水平进行筛选和优化,20μL反应体系中,Mg2+、dNTPs和引物的最适浓度为1.5mmol/L、0.2mmol/L、0.4μmol/L,Taq酶宜加入1U,模板DNA应加入10～40ng;引物的最佳退火温度为56.0～62.8℃。用10对引物及建成的反应体系对10个供试品种扩增,6%的非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测,品种间DNA谱带多态性丰富,共有29个等位位点,证实该体系稳定可靠。 相似文献
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利用DNA扩增片段序列对樱桃种质资源的遗传分析 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
从130个任意寡核苷酸引物中筛选出48个引物, 对8个樱桃种及2个种间杂交种的总DNA进行PCR扩增, 产生的多态性用于遗传分析。利用两种距离法进行系统发育分析, 并构建出种间及品种间亲缘关系的聚类图。结果表明, 扩增位点总数为840个; 23个甜樱桃品种及4个酸樱桃品种各自聚为一类, 多态位点数分别为569和247个, 多态位点百分率分别为67.74%和29.40%。毛樱桃、草原樱桃(变种) 与欧李聚为单一组群; 中国樱桃与寇尔特亲缘关系较近, 聚为另一单一组; 甜樱桃、酸樱桃等其他种在亲缘关系上分歧较大; 樱桃种群间的遗传距离在0.0623 ～ 0.2719之间, 并且从分子水平上可以鉴别。聚类图聚类分析结果总体上与李属分类标准相一致。除甜樱桃‘红灯’品种外, 均扩增出了1个以上的特有RAPD标记, 据此可以进行品种鉴定或杂种优良性状预选。 相似文献
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Gunars Lacis Isaak Rashal Silvija Ruisa Viktor Trajkovski Amy F. Iezzoni 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Three previously described highly polymorphic SSR (microsatellite) primer pairs were tested on 126 sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) accessions to adapt a fast, reliable method for preliminary screening of sweet cherry germplasm collections and to compare two sweet cherry germplasm collections: at the Latvia State Institute of Fruit-Growing, Dobele (LIFG-Dobele) and at the Division of Horticultural Genetics and Plant Breeding at Balsgård, Department of Crop Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU-Balsgård). The SSR loci were highly polymorphic with 4–10 different alleles and 5–18 genotypes. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.431 to 0.809, gene diversity (PIC) values ranged from 0.400 to 0.753, and the discriminating power of each locus varied from 0.631 to 0.894. The combined discriminating power of all loci was highly effective (0.996). Sixteen identical accession groups with the same allele profile were discovered in both collections. This study demonstrated that SSR fingerprinting with the three primer pairs tested, can be used for preliminary characterization of sweet cherry germplasm collections. 相似文献
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D. Struss M. Boritzki K. Glozer 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):362-367
SummaryThe high degree of polymorphism of AFLPs provides an efficient system for identification and genome analysis of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) cultivars and selections. The cultivars of sweet cherry have usually been characterized by assessment of phenotypic and pomological traits. AFLP markers were employed to identify 38 sweet cherry accessions and estimate the genetic diversity among this material. Ten of 18 tested primer combinations were informative with up to 80 bands per primer combination. Seven to 33% of the amplfied bands were polymorphic depending upon primer combination. Allcultivars and selections tested could be clearly identified. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the usefulness of molecular markers in revealing the genetic diversity among different sweet cherry genotypes. 相似文献
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Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variation among eight cherry species and two interspecific progenies were analyzed. Out of 130, 48 arbitrary oligonucleotide primers were screened for PCR amplification to generate polymorphisms. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out using two distance-matrix methods and a dendrogram was generated to show the relationships among species and cultivars. The results showed that there were 840 amplified loci in total; 23 sweet cherry and four sour cherry cultivars were clustered together with 569 and 247 polymorphic loci respectively which accounted for 67.74% and 29.40% of the total variation. Prunus tomentosa T., Prunus fruticosa var. aucta P. and Prunus humilis B. formed a monophyletic group. A relationship between Prunus pseudocerasus L. and Colt, which formed another closely related group, was observed while Prunus avium L., Prunus cerasus L. and other cherry species were more divergent. The range of genetic distance was from 0.0623 to 0.2719 among the Prunus species, which were genetically distinct. The topology of the tree was generally in agreement with taxonomic classification. The results indicated that with the exception of the sweet cherry variety “Hongdeng”, there were one or more cultivar-specific RAPD markers in cherry species and cultivars. Using these specific markers, cherry species and varieties could be identified and there is therefore the potential to select for good characteristics of hybrids at an early stage. 相似文献