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桑白蚧，别名桑盾蚧，又叫桑介壳虫、黄点介壳虫、树虱，属同翅目、盾蚧科。
近年来，桑白蚧在我镇部分桑园均有不同程度的发生，并造成了一定的危害。经调查，一般发生轻的田块有虫株数在3%～5%左右，发生严重的田块有虫株数高达20%以上，对该虫的防治如缺乏足够的重视，势必给桑树的生长发育带来一定的影响。抓好该病春季防治，尤为重要。
1 危害特点：
该虫一年发生5～6代，以成虫、若虫成群寄生于桑树的枝干上，以针刺口器插入皮内吸食汁液，危害桑树。严重时整株盖满介壳，层层重叠，不见树皮，有时分泌出大量的白色粉状蜡质物，被害枝干发育受阻，树势生长受抑，以致整株逐渐枯死。
2 发生规律 相似文献
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鉴定危害香榧的4种蚧虫,比较不同蚧虫的为害率,测定不同的环境友好型药剂的田间防治效果。结果表明这4种蚧虫为柳杉圆盾蚧Aspidiotus cryptomeriae Kuwana和3种在香榧上新发生为害的蚧虫,松细蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes piniphilus Borchsenius、日本单蜕盾蚧Fiorinia japonica Kuwana和为褐软蚧Coccus hesperidum L.,松细蛎盾蚧的为害率最高。33%螺虫.噻嗪酮3000倍液、22.4%螺虫乙酯3000倍液、50%噻嗪酮3000倍液和99%绿颖矿物油200倍液均具有防效,前两种药剂防效较好。本研究可作为香榧蚧虫的识别和防治的提供有效信息。 相似文献
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桑白蚧同翅目,盾蚧科,又称桑盾蚧、桃白蚧,是桃、梨、梅等核果类果树的重要害虫。近年来,该虫在泉州市洛江区罗溪镇的兜丽果林园,马甲镇的梅岭等地种植的低需冷性水蜜桃、台湾甜脆桃、美国红桃品种上普遍发生,且呈上升趋势,对我区的桃果生产构成了严重威胁,已成为当前重点防治的害虫之一。1发生特点桑白蚧在我区一年发生4～5代,以受精雌成虫在桃树枝干上越冬。翌年2月下旬越冬成虫开始取食危害,虫体迅速膨大并产卵,卵产于雌介壳下,每头雌虫可产卵数百粒。4月上旬产卵结束。第1代若虫于3月下旬始见,初孵若蚧先在壳下停留数小时,后逐渐爬出分… 相似文献
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桑白蚧在四川一年发生3代,各代经过两月左右。1～3代一龄若虫期分别是4、6、8月下旬或5、7、9月上旬,这段时间无介壳保护。药剂防治效果最佳。卵色与性别的关系是:橙色卵为雌,白色卵为雄,中间色卵如黄色卵、水红色卵等绝大多数为雄。未交尾的雌成虫有脱蚧现象,且不产卵,寿命延长。始脱蚧者,交尾后虫体能重新缩入蚧壳内,但推迟产卵期,减少产卵量。当雌虫脱蚧1/2时,分泌白色腊质覆盖虫体,直至全部脱蚧。人工除雄虫与雌成虫交配,可见针状交尾器在蚧壳四周试探,交尾时,头昂、竖翅、呈坐式,持续4分钟左右。雌、雄混养,其成虫发生期比较一致,没有脱蚧现象,能繁殖后代,故桑白蚧为两性生殖,对此,可设想在成虫羽化期,即5、7、9月底左右喷药防治雄成虫,对抑制后代繁衍有良好的作用。 相似文献
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调查了深圳市散尾葵植株上的褐圆盾蚧发生及危害情况,并测试了毒死蜱对褐圆盾蚧的防治效果。结果表明:散尾葵有虫株率为47.95%,虫害指数为63.99%。用40%毒死蜱乳油1000倍液进行防治试验,结果表明:虫口密度与防治效果呈明显的负相关关系,相关系数为r=-0.906 0,回归方程为y=0.846 1-0.005 8x,且防效偏低。按有效成分配置不同浓度毒死蜱进行防治试验发现试剂浓度与防效呈正相关关系,相关系数为r=0.982 6,回归方程为y=0.004 7x+0.163 6。当试剂浓度增加到0.635 0gm/L时,校正死亡率最大,为94.12%,证明40%毒死蜱乳油对高密度褐圆盾蚧会起亚致死量的作用。 相似文献
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调查了深圳市散尾葵植株上的褐圆盾蚧发生及危害情况,并测试了毒死蜱对褐圆盾蚧的防治效果。结果表明:散尾葵有虫株率为47.95%,虫害指数为63.99%。用40%毒死蜱乳油1000倍液进行防治试验,结果表明:虫口密度与防治效果呈明显的负相关关系,相关系数为r=-0.906 0,回归方程为y=0.846 1-0.005 8x,且防效偏低。按有效成分配置不同浓度毒死蜱进行防治试验发现试剂浓度与防效呈正相关关系,相关系数为r=0.982 6,回归方程为y=0.004 7x+0.163 6。当试剂浓度增加到0.635 0gm/L时,校正死亡率最大,为94.12%,证明40%毒死蜱乳油对高密度褐圆盾蚧会起亚致死量的作用。 相似文献
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梨圆蚧又称梨枝圆盾蚧 ,俗称红眼圈。近两年来 ,在山东省德州市的苹果、梨等果树上大发生。一般果园虫果率 30 %～ 4 0 % ,重者可达 70 %～ 80 % ,严重影响了果品的产量和质量。梨圆蚧以雌成虫及若虫寄生于枝干、叶片及果实表面吸取养分。苹果受害后 ,在果实表面围绕虫体有紫红色晕圈 ,果面虫口密度大时 ,紫红色晕圈连成一片。梨果受害后 ,产生黑褐色斑点 ,严重时果面龟裂。枝条受害易衰弱枯死。1 发生规律 山东一年发生 3代。以第 3代的 2龄若虫在原寄生处越冬。越冬若虫第 2年树液流动时开始为害 ,4月上旬可以分辨雌雄介壳 ,4月中旬雄虫… 相似文献
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本研究以昆明市海口林场1964年从阿尔巴尼亚引种的油橄榄为试验对象,通过对油橄榄树进行水肥管理、喷施植物生长调节剂、人工授粉等单项及综合调控处理,以油橄榄果实性状、果实含油率及脂肪酸成分为检测指标,明确影响油橄榄果实品质的原因,探寻提高油橄榄果实品质的管理措施。结果表明：不同调控处理下,油橄榄果实重、含油率指标都有一定的促进作用,水肥调控显著提高了果肉率,人工授粉和综合调控对果实纵经、果实重、果形指数、果核纵经、果核重影响明显;不同调控处理均显著提高了油橄榄果实的含油率和十六碳烯酸含量,却显著降低了亚油酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量。 相似文献
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The production of heartwater vaccine 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
The events leading to the production of an effective vaccine against heartwater are summarized. The production techniques used at Onderstepoort to produce and control the quality of the infected blood and nymph suspension vaccines, and covering their respective advantages and disadvantages, are compared. The many problems of these vaccines and how they may be overcome are discussed. 相似文献
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猕猴桃(Actinidia deliciosa)病虫害防治是制约有机猕猴桃发展的主要问题之一。本文通过对湖北猕猴桃害虫的调查研究,发现湖北省猕猴桃主要害虫有十多种,主要包括：金龟甲、隆背花薪甲、介壳虫、斑衣腊蝉、叶蝉、茶翅蝽、鸟嘴壶夜蛾、蝙蝠蛾等;文章分别对其生活习性及其OPM技术进行了介绍。 相似文献
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对云南省德宏州瑞丽柠檬开花期的访花昆虫及访花行为的研究结果：柠檬访花昆虫有30种,分别隶属于缨翅目、同翅目、半翅目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目、膜翅目和蜚蠊目,其中鞘翅目的种类最多,有7种,占36.3%,其次为缨翅目,有5种,占32%;柠檬上危害性访花昆虫以蓟马、德国小蠊为主;食蚜蝇科、蚁科、蚜小蜂科和蜜蜂科有一定的传粉作用,为非危害性访花昆虫。瑞丽7:30以前柠檬植株上露水尚未褪去,因此在柠檬树上很少出现访花昆虫;8:00-9:00伴随着露水的逐渐褪去,并陆续出现访花昆虫,10:00-13:30访花昆虫和数量都达到高峰期,下午17:00以后访花昆虫数量下降,阴雨来临前的2～3个小时,可见访花昆虫大量减少。 相似文献
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The behaviour of Dermanyssus gallinae was investigated on two layer farms where two different light programs were introduced in the 40th week of hen life. In layer house No. 1, light was applied continuously for 16 hours during the day, while layer house No. 2 was subjected to 4 hours of light and 2 hours of darkness applied alternately during the day. To monitor the level of red mite infestation, 30 tube traps were placed in every layer house corridor at a height of 1.5 m above the floor. In the first layer house, 280 Dermanyssus gallinae females, 50 nymph larvae and 198 eggs were found in 100 mg of tube trap material during 16 hours of the light phase, while during the 8-hour darkness phase, 1240 females, 70 nymph larvae and 110 eggs were collected. In the other layer house (with an alternating light phase of 4 hours and a darkness phase of 2 hours per day), 387 Dermanyssus gallinae females, 401 nymph larvae and 1060 eggs were found in trap tubes over the 8-hour dark phase, while 343 females, 202 nymph larvae and 1106 eggs were discovered over the 16-hour light phase. 相似文献
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de Raat IJ van den Boom R van Poppel M van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan MM 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2008,133(20):838-842
Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) in horses is most likely caused by Culicoides species, although other insects may also play a role. Until now no effective cure has been found for this condition, although numerous therapeutic and preventive measures have been used to control insect hypersensitivity. One such method is to apply a topical insecticide to horses. In this study, the effect of a topical insecticide containing permethrin (3.6%) was examined in seven pairs of horses. The horses were placed inside a tent trap to collect Culicoides spp. and other insects attracted to the horses on two subsequent evenings. On the first evening, both horses were untreated. After the end of this session, one horse of each pair was treated with the pour-on insecticide; treated horses were kept separate from untreated horses. The next evening the pairs of horses were again placed inside the tent trap and insects were collected. Similar percentages of Culicoides were trapped as in earlier studies (C. obsoletus 95.34% and C. pulicaris 4.54%), with healthy horses attracting more Culicoides than horses affected by IBH. The number of Culicoides, the percentage of blood-fed Culicoides obsoletus, and the total number of insects attracted to horses 24 hours after treatment with permethrin were reduced but the reduction was not statistically significant. No negative side effects of permethrin administration were observed. 相似文献
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A randomised double-blind parallel study lasting eight weeks was used to assess the effects of olive oil in a group of atopic dogs whose clinical signs were well controlled by dietary supplementation with a combination of evening primrose oil and fish oil. Nine of the 11 dogs which continued to receive this combination were considered unchanged at the conclusion of the study, whereas eight of the 10 dogs switched to olive oil had deteriorated. The mean plasma concentration of dihomogammalinolenic acid, a precursor of potentially antiinflammatory mediators, was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the olive oil-treated group at the end of the study. There were no significant differences between the mean plasma linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid concentrations in the two groups. These findings suggest that olive oil is not an effective therapeutic agent in the control of canine atopy. 相似文献