共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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Suyundukov Ya. T. Suyundukova M. B. Bezuglova O. S. Khabirov I. K. Khasanova R. F. Semenova I. N. Rafikova Yu. S. Ilbulova G. R. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(1):27-35
Eurasian Soil Science - The results of the study of the properties of urban soils of the city of Sibay located in the mining region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are presented. A specific... 相似文献
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荔枝种子从果实中剥离出来后, 即使在室内条件下, 也极易失水干缩, 潮湿环境中又易发霉而腐烂。扫描电镜观察表明: 种皮上布满纹孔, 水分散失面积很大; 种脐部为疏松的海绵组织, 且营养丰富。据此, 生产上应对种子彻底清洗, 并保存于适当湿度的环境中, 以提高其发芽率。 相似文献
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物联网是一个集信息通信、数据交换、传感器技术与软件工程于一体的综合性产业,探讨和分析了物联网的结构体系与发展中遇到的安全问题。 相似文献
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三门峡水库库岸坍塌成因分析与防治措施研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
三门峡水库自1960年9月蓄水运行以来,库岸坍塌现象频繁发生,平均每年塌岸0.5～0.7亿m3.指出了造成库岸坍塌的原因主要是地质环境的影响以及水力条件的变化;不同的地形、地貌、地质结构和岩性特征,表现了不同的塌岸强度,其中黄土塬区为极强塌岸段,黄河Ⅱ级阶地为强烈塌岸段,黄河Ⅰ级阶地为中等强烈塌岸段;分析了引起库岸坍塌的主要水力条件有大气降水、地表水和地下水,并且不同水力条件及其变化特征,对库岸坍塌影响的方式和程度也不同;最后给出了防治库岸坍塌应采用标本兼治的原则,治标是指对塌岸进行必要的加固、支挡、衬砌等;治本就是根据引起塌岸的原因以及不同地质环境条件下的塌岸特征和水力条件,因地制宜,因害设防,从根本上进行综合治理. 相似文献
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Kholodov V. A. Farkhodov Y. R. Yaroslavtseva N. V. Ziganshina A. R. Maksimovich S. V. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(7):998-1004
Eurasian Soil Science - Layers were step-by-step removed from macroaggregates (2–1 mm in diameter) of Protocalcic Chernozems via successive abrasion in a revolving rotator during 5, 10, 15,... 相似文献
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氟对小鼠生精细胞凋亡的影响及锌的保护作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为观察氟对成年雄性小鼠生精细胞凋亡的影响及锌的保护作用,通过腹腔注射氟化钠建立氟中毒动物模型及锌保护实验。采用石蜡切片、苏木精-伊红染色(HE染色)、末端原位标记(TUNEL)及琼脂糖凝胶电泳的方法检测小鼠生精细胞的凋亡情况。结果显示:(1)氟感染组无论是低剂量组(NaF10 mg/kg)或是高剂量组(NaF 20 mg/kg)生精细胞都发生了明显的凋亡。生精细胞凋亡主要发生在精母细胞和精原细胞,凋亡指数与对照组差异极显著(P<0.05)。(2)无论是高剂量锌(ZnSO430 mg/kg)和低剂量锌(ZnSO415 mg/kg)都可以使凋亡指数明显降低,高剂量锌组的凋亡指数与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(15-16):1631-1646
Abstract Brazil has approximately 30 million hectares of lowland areas, known locally as “Varzea,”; distributed throughout the country. Soils in these areas have the potential to support agricultural production, but very little is known about their fertility. The current experiment was undertaken to characterize the chemical and physical properties of representative “Varzea”; soils collected at 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm depth intervals from 23 sites in Goias State of Brazil. Organic matter contents averaged 42 g/kg in the surface 20 cm of soil and should make a significant contribution to overall nutrient availability. Soil pH increased slightly with depth from a mean value of 5.2 in the surface 20 cm of soil to a mean value of 5.4 in the 60–80 cm depth interval. Several soils had exchangeable Al values ≥ 1.0 cmol Al/kg, but soil Al saturation was generally less than the 60% level frequently associated with Al toxicity. However, cereal and legume production could benefit from lime addition in many of these soils. Although base saturation was fairly low in some soils, exchangeable Ca and Mg levels were, in general, adequate throughout the profile. Extractable P levels were adequate in most surface soil samples. Extractable K levels in these soils were generally low, and the application of K fertilizers should be beneficial, especially in conjunction with lime addition. The high clay content “Varzea”; soils of the Brazilian lowlands have some drainage problems but generally exhibit favorable chemical properties for crop production when compared to soils of the well‐drained Cerrados. 相似文献
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Ye. V. Rogozhina N. V. Kostina L. S. Malyukova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2011,66(1):32-35
An estimation of potential nitrogen-fixing activity of various soil types under agrophytocenoses of tea, filbert, peach, and
pawpaw which grow in the area of Greater Sochi is given. High indicators of nitrogen fixation activity in the soil in the
course of vegetation were characteristic of agrocenoses of pawpaw, peach, and filbert. The lowest level of nitrogen fixation
was noted in the soil of a tea plantation. A negative correlation dependence of potential nitrogen-fixing activity on the
acidity of the soil solution was established. A study of the seasonal dynamics of the activity of nitrogen fixation of soils
of agrocenoses of the subtropical zone of Russia made it possible to distinguish a less active winter and more active spring-summer-autumn
periods. 相似文献
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淤地坝坝体体积的计算 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
对于已确定的淤地坝坝址,坝体的纵断面（即沟道横断面）是一定的。根据实测的沟造横断面,以沟底最低点为坐标原点,沟道一侧的岸壁曲线可用幂函数形式表示之。利用这种幂函数关系,对于坝坡均一的坝体．在设定坝顶宽、坝高和上下游边坡之后,作者推导出沟道一侧坝体体积的计算公式;沟道两侧的坝体体积即为坝体总体积。对于非均一坝坡、设有马道的坝和坝体加高的体积,可将坝体横断面分割为由几个均一坝坡组成的坝体断面,分别计算其体积。这种计算方法的精度,取决于坝址横断面岸壁曲线回归方程与实际岸壁的符合程度。 相似文献
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The rate of popping of popcorn was measured in oil and in air. Kinetic data for lifetimes of individual kernels from a large population were obtained in oil at six constant temperatures (180–250°C) and also in an air‐popper at 202°C. The data are characterized by an induction period, which is, significantly, followed by a first‐order decrease in the number of unpopped kernels versus time. The activation energy for the first order process is 166.7 kJ/mol between 180 and 210°C, and 53.8 kJ/mol between 210 and 250°C. These data are consistent with a model that assumes 1) that the rate of heat transfer into a kernel follows Newton's law of cooling; 2) that in a sample of kernels there exists a distribution of critical pressures; 3) that for an individual kernel, the probability of popping is directly proportional to the difference between the internal aqueous vapor pressure and the kernel's critical pressure; and 4) that the measured rate constant at any temperature is an average overall of the kernels in the sample with critical pressures equal to or less than the internal aqueous vapor pressure. Minimum popping temperatures predicted by the model are 181 ± 2°C (oil) and 187 ± 2°C (air), in good agreement with previously reported direct measurements. 相似文献
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非表层剖面层次土壤生产力评价研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了盆栽条件下4个非表层土壤剖面层次(AB,Ab,Bk,Bg)土壤在3种肥料处理下对“京绿2号”小白菜根系发育和养分水分吸收的影响,并评价了其生长障碍因子。结果表明,各处理出苗无明显差异;施加尿素和磷二铵有利于干物质积累量增加,且磷二铵的效应更显著;施磷二铵处理的根冠比明显低于不施肥处理和施尿素处理;施加尿素和磷二铵后作物含N量增加;施加磷二铵后各土壤剖面层次土壤中的植株P浓度明显提高。综合分析表明,正常情况下只要补充N肥和P肥,作物耕层以下的各土壤剖面层次对作物生长并无明显的阻碍作用,且通过适当的耕作和灌溉,可使非耕层土壤生产力状况得到改善。 相似文献
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景观生态图是以图形的方式客观而概括地反映自然景观生态类型的空间特征。以重庆市北碚区为研究区域,在对北碚区图件及其它资料的研究基础上,加上进一步的野外调查,借鉴前人研究景观生态制图的经验,以遥感影像和一些专题图件为基础数据源,以ArcGIS为平台,将两者有机结合起来,综合制成景观生态图。 相似文献
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《Biosystems Engineering》2003,84(3):363-372
This study explores the effect of surfactants, commonly found in detergents, on the hydraulic properties of soils. The soil properties examined included hydraulic conductivity, infiltration characteristics, and effective suction at the wetting front, capillary rise and soil penetrability. Two agricultural soils—a loam and a sandy loam, and three surfactants—one anionic surfactant (Sulphonic) and two non-ionic surfactants (Rexol and Rexonic), were used in the study. Changes in hydraulic properties with the application of surfactants were compared with properties obtained with deionised water (control). The results showed that Sulphonic, the anionic surfactant, had a significant effect on hydraulic properties of both soils. Applications of Sulphonic caused decreases in the capillary rise and penetrability, and an increase in the solid–liquid contact angle, shape factor and sorptivity. Except for a slight decrease in hydraulic conductivity resulting from the application of Rexol, the non-ionic surfactants did not reveal significant impact on the hydraulic characteristics of test soils. 相似文献
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Max Frenzel Philip James Sara K. Burton Steven J. Rowland Hilary M. Lappin-Scott 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(2):129-136
Background, aim and scope Unresolved complex mixtures (UCMs) of aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread, but often overlooked, environmental contaminants.
Since UCMs are generally rather resistant to bacterial degradation, bioremediation of UCM-contaminated sites by bacteria is
a challenging goal. Branched chain alkyltetralins are amongst the individual classes of components of aromatic UCMs which
have been identified in hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments and a number of synthetic alkyltetralins have proved toxic in laboratory
studies. Thus, alkyltetralins should perhaps be amongst the targets for UCM bioremediation strategies. The slow degradation
of several alkyltetralins by a microbial consortium has been reported previously; however, the bacteria involved remain unidentified
and no single strain capable of alkyltetralin biodegradation has been isolated. The present project therefore aimed to enrich
and identify bacterial consortia and single strains of bacteria from a naturally hydrocarbon-contaminated site (Whitley Bay,
UK), which were capable of the degradation of two synthetic alkyltetralins (6-cyclohexyltetralin (CHT) and 1-(3’-methylbutyl)-7-cyclohexyltetralin
(MBCHT)).
Materials and methods Bacteria were enriched from sediment collected from Whitley Bay, UK by culturing with CHT and MBCHT for a period of 4 months.
Biodegradation experiments were then established and degradation of model compounds monitored by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry.
Internal standards allowed the generation of quantitative data. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed from individual
enrichments to allow assessment of microbial community structure. Selective media containing MBCHT were used to isolate single
bacterial strains. These strains were then tested in liquid culture for their ability to degrade MBCHT.
Results The consortia obtained through enrichment culture were able to degrade 87% of CHT and 76% of MBCHT after only 46 days compared
with abiotic controls. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene clone libraries of these bacteria were dominated by sequences of Rhodococcus spp. Using selective media, a strain of Rhodococcus was then isolated that was also able to biodegrade 63% of MBCHT in only 21 days.
Discussion The present report describes the isolation of a single bacterial strain able to degrade the resistant MBCHT. Although significant
losses of MBCHT were observed, putative metabolites were not detectable. Rhodococcus sp. have been reported previously to be able to biodegrade a range of hydrocarbon compounds.
Recommendations and perspectives Due to their environmental persistence and toxicity, aromatic UCMs require bioremediation. The culturing and identification
of such bacteria capable of rapid degradation of alkyltetralins may be an important step toward the development of bioremediation
strategies for sites contaminated with toxic UCMs. 相似文献
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姬松茸多糖提取工艺的优化 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
对姬松茸子实体多糖提取的工艺条件中的多糖提取温度、提取时间、浸提液pH值3因子的最优化组合问题进行了定量研究,建立了具有良好预测性能的姬松茸多糖提取条件的模型,并利用回归模型对工艺条件的最优化组合,对各单因子要素的多糖得率及其交互作用进行了探讨。试验表明,当浸提温度为100℃、浸提时间为3h、浸提液pH值为6.3时多糖得率处于较高水平 相似文献