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金黄色葡萄球菌乳腺感染模型的建立与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究通过将临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌)834菌株以不同的感染剂量经乳腺基部直接注射和剪断乳头尖端后经乳导管注射2种途径感染泌乳母鼠,建立了乳腺炎病理模型,并对感染后母鼠乳腺眼观病理变化、乳腺组织的病理学变化和乳腺中金葡菌数进行了比较研究.结果表明,与乳腺基部直接注射相比,剪断乳头尖端后经乳导管注射法可诱发更为典型的乳腺感染,不仅乳腺中感染菌数多、病理变化明显,而且试验结果的重复再现性好,是一种良好的小动物金葡菌乳腺感染模型.该模型的建立,将为进一步研究金葡菌乳腺炎的病原特性、发病机理、治疗方法和疫苗开发,提供可靠的小动物模型. 相似文献
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采用弗氏完全佐剂建立大鼠佐剂性关节炎(AA)模型,研究黄芪总黄酮(TFA)对AA大鼠关节组织病理损伤的保护作用。取36只大鼠随机分为6组,即空白组,模型组,阳性组,黄芪总黄酮高、中、低剂量组,除空白组外,其余各组大鼠右后足趾皮内注射含弗氏完全佐剂的卡介苗(10mg/mL)0.1mL,建立AA模型。次日,各组灌胃相应药物,连续28d,同时测定大鼠足趾肿胀度和关节炎指数;第29天将大鼠处死,HE染色观察大鼠踝关节滑膜组织及软骨组织的病理组织学变化;免疫组化法观察大鼠滑膜和软骨细胞NF-κB p65的表达。结果表明,TFA能明显降低大鼠原发性足趾肿胀度及多发性关节炎指数;TFA能减轻AA大鼠踝关节炎性细胞浸润及滑膜增生,减少血管翳生成;TFA能抑制NF-κB p65的高表达。说明TFA对AA大鼠的病理损伤有潜在的保护作用。 相似文献
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应用国内分离的鸡病毒性关节炎病毒“吉毒株”(VAV—J)成功地复制了鸡病毒性关节炎(VA).详细观察了实验性鸡病毒性关节炎的临床症状,并运用肉眼、光镜、电镜及免疫琼脂扩散等技术对该病进行了系统的病理学研究.结果表明,实验性鸡病毒性关节炎腱断裂病变少见;急性期,关节与腱鞘滑膜下网状细胞增殖,大量异染性细胞、淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞浸润,有的严重出血;慢性期,滑膜形成绒毛样突起,并有淋巴细胞性结节形成,并见籽骨骨化障碍;未发现以异染性细胞浸润为主的心肌炎;免疫器官具有明显病变.关节液中病毒粒子的检出率为100%,可用于本病的诊断. 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2015,(9)
奶牛乳房炎,尤其是由金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌)感染引起的隐性乳房炎是最难以防控的奶牛常见病。近五年来,本课题组对中国北方六个省市九个荷斯坦牛场的生产群高体细胞数(SCC)和低SCC奶牛以及临床乳房炎奶牛进行了十一批次采样,共采集奶样1 112头份,分离出191株金葡菌,所检测牛的平均金葡菌感染率达11.7%,其中生产群奶牛金葡菌感染率为12.4%,临床乳房炎牛为10.8%。对这些金葡菌进行药敏试验以及毒素基因检测,发现氯霉素和阿米卡星对金葡菌有较强抑制性,毒素基因检出率最高者是杀白细胞素基因PVL(70.2%)。依据金葡菌PFGE分型结果绘制中国北部及华东地区奶牛乳源金葡菌的流行图谱。结合国内外相关研究结果,对比分析了国内外奶牛金葡菌乳房炎的感染情况以及金葡菌的耐药性、毒素基因和流行类型,并提出了降低奶牛感染金葡菌乳房炎的相关策略。 相似文献
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【目的】本研究旨在从金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,S.aureus,以下简称金葡菌)处理奶牛乳腺上皮细胞(bovine mammary epithelial cell,BMEC)上清中分离外泌体,探究金葡菌与BMEC数量比值(MOI)和处理后培养时间对外泌体总浓度的影响,并对金葡菌诱导BMEC释放的外泌体进行分离和鉴定。【方法】采用金葡菌临床分离菌株以MOI＝1和MOI＝10分别处理BMEC 3 h,对已处理的BMEC继续无外泌体培养9、12、24 h,同时设空白对照组,通过扫描电镜观察金葡菌处理对BMEC造成的超微结构损伤。采用超速离心法分离金葡菌诱导的BMEC上清液中的外泌体,分别用透射电镜、纳米颗粒追踪分析技术及Western blotting法对外泌体形态、颗粒大小和特异性标志蛋白进行分析鉴定。通过检测外泌体总蛋白浓度评估不同MOI和处理后培养时间对外泌体总量的影响,明确金葡菌诱导BMEC释放外泌体的最佳条件。【结果】通过扫描电镜观察发现,金葡菌处理BMEC后,细胞微绒毛脱落,细胞骨架破坏。透射电镜观察分离的外泌体为圆形的双层膜囊泡,直径在30~150 nm,形态均一。通过检测外泌体总蛋白浓度显示,在MOI＝10时,培养9、12和24 h金葡菌诱导BMEC释放外泌体蛋白浓度均高于MOI＝1,而培养12 h时释放外泌体蛋白浓度最高。对金葡菌诱导BMEC释放的外泌体进一步鉴定,其平均直径约为116 nm;Western blotting检测结果显示外泌体标记物CD9、CD81和TSG101表达阳性。【结论】本研究从形态学和分子生物学特征等方面证实获得的分离物为外泌体;金葡菌可以诱导BMEC释放外泌体,当MOI＝10时,金葡菌处理细胞3 h后继续无外泌体培养12 h,收获的细胞上清中外泌体蛋白含量最高。 相似文献
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本研究旨在检测并对比分析中国北方地区3个荷斯坦牛场乳源金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,简称金葡菌)的流行情况及乳汁中总菌群的抗生素耐药性。试验采集北方地区3个荷斯坦牛场的生产群奶样、大罐奶样和临床型乳房炎牛奶样共181份,首先采用Baird-Parker选择性培养基对金葡菌进行分离纯化;再采用特异性PCR方法鉴定含金葡菌特异基因nuc的金葡菌菌株;最后采用琼脂稀释法检测奶样中总菌群及金葡菌对14种抗生素的耐药性。结果发现,181份奶样带菌率为100%;金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为16.03%,分离纯化了48株金葡菌。奶样总菌群耐药性检测结果表明,中国北方地区3个荷斯坦牛场对于β-内酰胺类抗生素(苯唑西林、氨苄西林、头孢西丁、头孢哌酮)耐药性均较高,达89%以上;对红霉素、利福平、四环素、万古霉素、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑、阿莫西林/克拉维酸的耐药性达80%以上;对氯霉素的耐药率过半;仅对阿米卡星耐药率较低(18%~58%)。对金葡菌耐药性检测结果显示,3个牛场金葡菌对环丙沙星、头孢西丁和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲噁唑有较高耐药性,但均对阿米卡星、氯霉素、加替沙星和万古霉素敏感。3个牛场绝大多数菌株都产生了多重耐药谱。研究结果为奶牛场乳源总菌群、金葡菌耐药性情况及科学用药提供试验数据。 相似文献
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为了研究双合汤对大鼠膝骨性关节炎的作用及可能机制,通过膝关节腔注射木瓜蛋白酶法建立膝骨性关节炎大鼠模型(2周),将57只造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组(2 m L/kg·d)、氨基葡萄糖组(86.4 mg/kg·d)和双合汤组(12 g/kg·d),20只膝关节腔注射等量生理盐水大鼠为假手术组(2 m L/kg·d)。共用相应药物灌胃4周。检测各组大鼠2周和6周关节活动范围、关节滑膜厚度和关节液中IL-1β、IL-6、NO、一氧化氮合酶(i NOS)的水平。结果表明,与假手术组比较,模型组关节活动范围减少(P0.05),关节滑膜厚度增加(P0.05),关节液IL-1β、IL-6、NO、i NOS水平显著升高(P0.05);与模型组比较,双合汤组关节活动范围增加(P0.05),关节滑膜厚度减少(P0.05),关节液IL-1β、IL-6、NO、i NOS水平显著降低(P0.05)。说明双合汤能有效治疗膝骨性关节炎,其机制可能与抑制关节液中IL-1β、IL-6、NO、i NOS的表达有关。 相似文献
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A case of Staphylococcus aureus infection causing osteomyelitis in young turkey poults is described. Mortality during the first week after hatching was 12.6%. Poults showed leg weakness, inflammation of all four toes, swelling of feet and hock joints, and osteomyelitis of the proximal tibiotarsus. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from exudate in the hock joints and footpads. Granulocytic infiltration and colonies of gram-positive coccoid bacteria compatible with S. aureus were found on microscopic examination of the lesions. Toe trimming after hatching is believed to have provided a portal of entry for S. aureus, which resulted in infection of the toes and spread along tendons to joints and bones of the leg. Neonatal staphylococcal osteomyelitis should be considered when recently placed turkey flocks experience increased mortality, especially if they develop severe swelling and inflammation of toes following trimming and have enlarged swollen feet, tendons, or joints. 相似文献
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Staphylococcus aureus and various coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from turkeys with staphylococcosis. Virulent S. aureus adhered well (averaged more than 100 bacteria per tissue cell) in vitro to cells from tissues of the respiratory tract but did not adhere well (averaged fewer than 12 bacteria per tissue cell) to cells from tissues of the alimentary tract. Some avirulent coagulase-negative staphylococci also adhered well to cells from the respiratory tissues. Lungs and livers of turkeys became colonized with virulent S. aureus following experimental aerosol exposure. Tracheas, livers, and hock joints of some market-age turkeys were naturally colonized with S. aureus and various species of coagulase-negative staphylococci. 相似文献
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S B Gustafson C W McIlwraith R L Jones H E Dixon-White 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(12):2018-2022
Polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) recently have been reported to potentiate the infectivity of Staphylococcus aureus in horses with experimentally induced septic arthritis. Four groups of 8 horses each had 1 midcarpal joint injected with approximately 33 viable colony-forming units (CFU) of S aureus plus either 1 ml of saline solution (group 1), 250 mg of PSGAG (group 2), 250 mg of PSGAG passed through a 0.6-microns filter (group 3), or 250 mg of PSGAG plus 125 mg of amikacin (group 4). Horses that developed clinical signs consistent with sepsis were euthanatized, and samples were collected at necropsy. Horses that survived had samples obtained by use of arthroscopy at days 13 and 14 after injection. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 1 group-1 horse, 8 group-2 horses, and 7 of 7 group-3 horses that met protocol, but was not isolated from any group-4 horses. All 16 aforementioned horses had clinical signs, results of synovial fluid analysis, and gross pathologic and synovial membrane histopathologic findings that were consistent with septic arthritis. Polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (250 mg) increased the infectivity of 33 CFU of S aureus (P = 0.001); filtering the PSGAG had no effect. Intra-articular injection of 125 mg of amikacin immediately after inoculating the joint with 33 CFU of S aureus significantly (P = 0.001) decreased potentiation of infection by the PSGAG. 相似文献
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Complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to lymph nodes,subcutaneous tissue,and multiple joints in a dog 
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下载免费PDF全文 Maggie R. McCourt Alexandra M. Dieterly Paige E. Mackey Shane D. Lyon Theresa E. Rizzi Jerry W. Ritchey 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2018,47(3):477-483
An 8‐year‐old, intact female, mixed‐breed dog presented to the Oklahoma State University Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for evaluation of progressive lameness and joint effusion of multiple joints. Physical examination revealed joint effusion of the elbow, hock, and stifle joints bilaterally, enlarged left axillary and right popliteal lymph nodes, a subcutaneous mass over the left elbow, and a subcutaneous mass involving the left second and third mammary glands. Cytologic examination of the mammary mass, enlarged lymph nodes, and joint fluid from most affected joints revealed a monomorphic population of loosely cohesive neoplastic epithelial cells. The patient was humanely euthanized, and subsequent necropsy with histopathologic examination revealed a complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to enlarged lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue over the left elbow, and the synovium of multiple joints. Immunohistochemical stains were performed and showed diffusely positive pan cytokeratin, CK8/18, and CK19 staining in the neoplastic luminal epithelial cells of the mammary carcinoma, synovium, and lymph nodes, and showed diffusely positive vimentin staining of the myoepithelial cells. Myoepithelial calponin positivity was diffuse in the mammary mass and lymph nodes but minimal in the synovium. Only the mammary mass showed p63 positivity. Metastatic mammary neoplasia is relatively common in dogs; however, metastasis to the synovium has only been reported once previously in the literature. This is the first case utilizing immunohistochemistry for confirmation and characterization of metastases. 相似文献
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45种药物对鸡关节源性金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌效果 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
以扩散法和平板打孔法分别检测了 2 1种抗菌药敏纸片和 2 4种中草药煎剂对临床分离的 1株鸡关节源性金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的抑菌效果。结果发现 ,在药敏纸片中 ,供试菌株对头孢氨苄极敏 ,对强力霉素、痢特灵、青霉素、壮观霉素、氯霉素、恩诺沙星、林可霉素、丁胺卡那霉素 8种抗菌药物高敏 ,对其他 12种药物中低度敏感或耐药。在中草药煎剂中 ,供试菌株对黄连、黄芩、大青叶 3种中草药煎剂极敏 ,其中对浓度在 0 .2 5g/mL及以上的黄连溶液都表现为极敏 ,对艾叶、连翘、黄柏、夏枯草、紫草 5种中草药煎剂表现为高敏 ,对其它 16种中草药煎剂表现为中低度敏感或耐药 相似文献
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Recent developments in the use of arthroscopy in cattle 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M B Hurtig 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice》1985,1(1):175-193
Diagnostic arthroscopy can be applied to the bovine stifle to directly visualize the menisci, cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments, the articular surfaces, and the synovium. Basic arthroscopic technique for the bovine stifle hock is described using line drawings and endophotography. Examples of joint lesions as seen through the arthroscope and at postmortem dissection are presented. 相似文献
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S B Gustafson C W McIlwraith R L Jones 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(12):2014-2017
Four groups of 8 horses each had 1 midcarpal joint injected with 33 colony-forming units (CFU) of viable Staphylococcus aureus plus: 1 ml of saline solution (group 1, control), 250 mg of polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG, group 2), 100 mg of methylprednisolone acetate (group 3), or 20 mg of sodium hyaulronate (group 4). Horses were euthanatized, and samples were obtained on the basis of clinical signs of septic arthritis that were nonresponsive to phenylbutazone administration. One group-1 horse, all 8 group-2 horses, 3 group-3 horses, and 4 group-4 horses were culture-positive for S aureus and had clinical signs, results of synovial fluid analysis, and histopathologic findings that were consistent with sepsis. The addition of 250 mg of PSGAG increased the development of sepsis significantly (P = 0.001), compared with results in control horses. Differences in the development of sepsis between horses injected with methylprednisolone acetate or sodium hyaluronate and control horses were not significant. 相似文献
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Broiler chicks from a parent flock previously vaccinated with a commercial tenosynovitis (viral arthritis) vaccine were challenged when one day old with a virulent form of the vaccinal reovirus strain. A group from unvaccinated parents was similarly challenged. At three weeks after infection it was found that, while maternal antibody reduced the incidence of lesions of tenosynovitis by about 50 per cent and also the amount of virus in the gut when compared with the group without maternal antibody, the rates of recovery of virus from the hock joints were very similar. The possible epidemiological importance of persistent virus in the joints of clinically protected chicks is discussed. 相似文献
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Avian leukosis virus subgroup J has a high tropism for myeloid lineage cells and frequently induces neoplastic transformation of myelocytes. The impact of congenital avian leukosis virus subgroup J infection on the function of circulating heterophils and susceptibility to staphylococcal infection was investigated. Six-week-old broiler chickens negative for exogenous avian leukosis viruses or congenitally infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup J were inoculated intravenously with 10(6) colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus, and pre- and postinoculation heterophil function was assessed. All chickens developed a leukocytosis with heterophilia after inoculation, but total leukocyte and heterophil counts were significantly higher in leukosis-negative chickens than in virus-infected chickens. Tenosynovitis was more severe in leukosis-negative chickens, and 2/10 (20%) of the virus-infected chickens had no histologic evidence of tenosynovitis. Osteomyelitis in the tibiotarsus or tarsometatarsus developed in 5/10 (50%) of the chickens in each group. S. aureus was recovered from the hock joint of 6/10 (60%) of the chickens in each group. Heterophils from all chickens exhibited similar phagocytic ability pre- and postinoculation. Heterophils from virus-infected chickens exhibited less bactericidal ability preinoculation than did heterophils from leukosis-negative chickens. However, postinoculation bactericidal ability was similar in both groups. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J provirus was present in heterophils isolated from congenitally infected chickens. Heterophils isolated from broiler chickens congenitally infected with avian leukosis virus subgroup J exhibit no significant functional deficits, and infected and uninfected chickens exhibit similar susceptibility to staphylococcal infection. 相似文献