共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
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苹果不同施肥方式对铁的吸收、运输与分配的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
红色邻二氮杂菲铁示踪结果表明: 二价铁肥根系输液以二价态由根被动吸收, 由靠近形成层的木质部, 运输到根、茎、叶及其主脉内, 运输速度每小时可达数十厘米。室内营养液培养的八棱海棠苗用59Fe示踪, 结果表明, 断根中分配的59Fe为19.3% , 叶中70.9% , 断1、2、3条根59Fe在叶中分配的比例分别为57.9%、63.6%和68.0%。铁肥树干强力高压注射以二价铁沿中央木质部的导管运输, 大部分向下运往根系, 根中贮存大量的铁, 向上运输稍难。运输速度每小时达数百厘米, 矫正缺铁失绿症的速度比根系输液慢, 但由于根中贮存大量的铁, 持效期较长。铁可以通过枝条和叶片进入树体并且运输。 相似文献
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环剥对小金海棠缺铁适应性反应的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用环剥技术研究了液体培养下小金海棠根系缺铁适应性反应的变化情况,结果显示,缺铁条件下小金海棠表现出根际pH值降低及根系Fe3+还原酶活性升高等缺铁适应性反应,而环剥后小金海棠根系的缺铁适应性反应受到抑制,根际pH值与对照相比无显著差异,根系Fe3+还原酶活性也无显著升高。半根供铁植株环剥的试验结果显示,只对缺铁一侧进行环剥则缺铁侧根系无显著的根际酸化和还原酶活性增加等生理变化,但正常供铁一侧根际pH值从第2天开始降低,第6天达到最低。根系Fe3+还原酶活性在处理后第2天有所增加,第6天达到最高值。如对正常供铁一侧根系环剥,则正常供铁一侧根系无显著生理变化,缺铁一侧出现根际pH值降低及根系Fe3+还原酶活性升高等现象。 相似文献
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遮荫对猕猴桃春季嫁接成活率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验于 2 0 0 0年在湖北省孝感学院园艺系猕猴桃实验园进行 ,嫁接砧木为 1年生实生苗 ,接穗为鄂猕桃一号 ,嫁接日期为 2月下旬 ,嫁接前两天浇一次水。试验设切接、单芽枝腹接、单芽片腹接和劈接 4种嫁接方法。每种方法嫁接 30 0株 ,每 10 0株为一小区 ,重复 3次 ,接后用透光率为 4 5%的遮阳网遮荫 ,遮阳网距地面高 1ｍ左右。切接和劈接的接穗上端涂蜡。对照为不遮荫。嫁接后 6 0天统计成活率。调查结果表明 ,遮荫条件下切接、单芽枝腹接、单芽片腹接和劈接的嫁接成活率分别为 95%、81%、77%和 4 6 % ;不遮荫时的成活率分别为 75%、50 %、36 … 相似文献
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《果树学报》2021,(9)
【目的】探究环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide,Cyc)对1年生苹果苗木生长与分枝特性的影响。【方法】以长富2号/M26/八棱海棠、秦脆/M26/八棱海棠、秦脆/M26、秦脆/T337共4种1年生砧穂组合苹果苗木为材料,用0.2 g·L-1的Cyc对去顶3 d后的长富2号/M26/八棱海棠进行喷施,对去顶4 d后的秦脆/M26/八棱海棠、秦脆/M26、秦脆/T337进行喷施。在秦脆/M26/八棱海棠中进行Cyc的不同组合处理。待苗木停长后,对所有处理植株进行苗木高度、苗木粗度等5个生理指标的统计分析。【结果】Cyc具有非常好的促分枝作用,并能显著增大长富2号/M26/八棱海棠的分枝角度,对苗木高度和苗木粗度具有一定的抑制作用,对分枝长度没有显著影响。【结论】Cyc在苗圃促分枝中具有良好的发展潜力,研究结果为环丙酸酰胺调控苹果分枝技术方案的开发奠定了基础。 相似文献
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YG中间砧对富士苹果芳香物质成分的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探明抗病砧木YG作中间砧对红富士苹果品质及风味的影响, 采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法对红富士果实主要芳香物质成分的变化进行了分析.结果表明, 富士/八棱海棠和富士/YG/八棱海棠两种处理,果实中主要的芳香物质是酯类和醇类,酯类含量又显著高于醇类含量;富士/YG/八棱海棠比富士/八棱海棠果实中酯类的种类和相对含量都多.其中丁酸乙酯、2 -甲基丁酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、己酸乙酯和乙酸己酯是两种果实中酯类相对含量较多的化合物.抗病中间砧能够提高果实中酯类和酸类物质的相对含量,降低果实中醇类和醛类物质的相对含量. 相似文献
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五种苹果砧木的生长及生理特性对盐胁迫的响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以八棱海棠(Malus robusta)、平顶海棠(Malus prunifolia)、红果海棠(Malus sieboldii)、珠美海棠(Malus zumi)、西府海棠(Malus micromalus)一年生实生苗为试材,对其进行盐胁迫处理,比较其耐盐性差异。结果表明:随盐浓度增加,参试植物的新梢生长量、叶面积和叶片厚度、根系活力降低,盐害率和盐害指数增加,其中八棱海棠的变化幅度最小,红果海棠相对较大;叶绿素(Chl)和类胡萝卜素(Car)含量变化各异,但八棱海棠和平顶海棠的变化较小;参试植株的可溶性糖及丙二醛(MDA)含量均随盐浓度增加呈上升趋势;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均受不同程度影响,八棱海棠的SOD活性变化较小;八棱海棠的隶属函数平均值最大,红果海棠的最小。结合其形态表现综合分析认为,5种苹果砧木的耐盐性强弱依次为:八棱海棠、西府海棠、平顶海棠、珠美海棠、红果海棠。 相似文献
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以八棱海棠茎尖分生组织为外植体,经农杆菌介导将PuNHA基因导入八棱海棠,在MS+BA 4 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+除草剂4 mg/L+羧苄青霉素500 mg/L的培养基中筛选培养,转化率8.7%。结果表明:经PCR、Southern Blot和Northern Blot分析得出,PuNHA基因已经整合到八棱海棠基因组内,并且可以转录为mRNA,获得了转基因植株;同时将转基因植株进行盐胁迫处理,耐盐能力有显著提高,由原来的耐盐量2‰提高到了3‰,其耐盐能力提高了50%。 相似文献
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为了研究高锌(Zn)胁迫下苹果砧木八棱海棠(Malus robusta Rehd.)Zn积累、分配及分子响应机制,以其8叶龄实生苗为试验材料,采用溶液培养法进行不同浓度(4、25、50、100μmol·L~(-1))Zn处理。试验结果表明:过量Zn胁迫严重影响植株生长及Zn的积累与分配,随着Zn处理浓度的升高,八棱海棠幼苗根系中Zn含量显著高于茎和叶;富集系数(BAF)的增大和转运系数(TF)的减小都说明Zn在根系中大量积累,以减轻对地上部的伤害。根据对9个MTP基因的相对表达量以及相关性分析,认为在高Zn胁迫下MTP基因的表达与植株内Zn含量有密切联系。MTP1在茎、叶中显著表达,具有组织特异性。MTPC2-like的相对表达量在4μmol·L~(-1) Zn处理下与根、茎、叶的Zn含量显著正相关,而在较高浓度Zn胁迫下相关性减弱,这说明MTP基因的表达具有浓度效应。 相似文献
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果树叶片中不同形态铁含量与失绿黄化病关系研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对果树叶片中全量铁、HCl提取铁和Fe~(2+)含量分析结果表明:果树黄叶中含有与正常绿叶一样多甚至高于绿叶的全量铁,但用HCl提取的铁和Fe~(2+)的数量则明显比绿叶少。在绿叶中全量铁和HCl提取铁的比率保持着一定的稳定平衡,在桃叶中全量铁/酸提取铁比率大约是2.1。失绿黄叶由于活性铁减少而使比率增大,从而使植株中铁营养代谢失调。因此,全量铁/酸提取铁比率能较好地反映植株铁营养状况。在失绿黄叶中K和P比绿叶高,而Ca含量低,K和Fe成显著负相关。当桃树施用钾肥时,叶子中K~+浓度增加而Fe减少,使K/Ca和K/Fe比显著增大。 相似文献
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转基因八棱海棠与苹果品种亲和性的微嫁接早期鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用微嫁接法鉴定嫁接亲和性的结果表明,不同培养基和培养方法对嫁接成活率和生根率有较大影响,生根 愈伤同步的方法可以同时获得较高的嫁接成活率和生根率。转番茄铁载体蛋白基因八棱海棠(Malus micromalus)与 苹果(Malus pumila)品种富士,嘎拉以及新红星嫁接成活率分别为93.33％,92.86％,73.34％。嫁接后15 d左右,接穗 新叶开始生长;嫁接后2个月,嫁接苗移栽成活率分别为73.07％,73.91％和55％;移栽后3个月,3种嫁接苗的茎杆 粗度均匀,无大小脚现象。初步结果显示,转基因八棱海棠与富士、嘎拉均具良好的嫁接亲和性,而与新红星的嫁接 亲和性稍差。 相似文献
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以2年生‘红灯’(Prunus avium L.‘Hongdeng’)/东北山樱(Cerasus sachalinensis Kom.)为试材,研究了不同短截程度对13C和15N分配和利用的影响。结果表明,新梢生长期,短截处理修剪促进了碳水化合物向根系分配,极重度短截处理使叶片和新梢中13C分配率分别减少了29.15%和7.3%,粗根和细根中13C分配率增加了46.65%和48.43%。随着时间的推移,短截处理的叶片和新梢的13C分配率均显著高于对照,多年生枝干的13C分配率随短截程度的增加而减小,根系的13C分配率以中短截最低,极重度短截最高。各处理15N利用率从高到底依次为中度短截对照极重度短截,在新梢停长期差别最大,3个处理15N利用率分别为6.91%、5.54%和3.60%;多年生枝干15N分配率随短截程度的增加而减小,短截处理叶片和新梢的15N分配率随短截程度的增加而增加。 相似文献
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N. Karagiannidis T. Thomidis G. Zakinthinos C. Tsipouridis 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008,118(3):212-217
This study investigates the possible correlations between bark, floral, and leaf iron (Fe) concentrations and SPAD measures to be used as early methods for prognosis of iron chlorosis in peach trees. The results showed that there were significant correlations between bark, floral and leaf Fe concentrations and SPAD measurements. This study shows for the first time the possibility of using bark analysis as an early predictive method of iron chlorosis in peach trees.Differences in mineral composition of leaves of peach trees, in relation to rootstocks were also found.This study also investigated the distribution of mineral elements in different parts of peach leaves. Tissue analysis of different leaf parts showed that the peripheral and petiole of leaves had the highest P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, B and Cu concentrations. In contrast, the highest K concentration was found in the internal parts of leaves. High Mn concentration was found in the laminar of leaves, but was lower in the petioles.In other experiments, the effect of different sources of Fe application on the leaf Fe concentrations and development of Brown Rot in the year of application and one and 2 years later was also examined. No application increased significantly the leaf Fe concentrations in the year of application and 1 year later. Leaf Fe concentrations were significant higher in trees treated with FeSO4·7H2O + S 2 years after application.The possible effect of flesh Fe concentration to susceptibility of peach (cv. Sun Crest) to Monilinia laxa was also evaluated. The results showed no correlation between flesh Fe concentration and susceptibility of peach to M. laxa. Besides, no statistical difference was found in the susceptibility of peach to M. laxa collected from the cultivar Sun Crest grafted on different rootstocks. 相似文献
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Tea oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) is a perennial evergreen shrub or small tree with multiple uses. Its seed oil contains rich bioactive compounds with powerful nutritional and medicinal values. To improve low seed yield in natural forests of this species, the new grafting technique of high-grafting and change-crown is being widely used. This usually has three grafting methods, inlay graft by separating bark (IGSB), bark xylem graft by cutting stock (BXGCS), and cleft graft (CG). In this research, we (1) investigated growth, development, fruit yield, and traits of trees after high-grafting and (2) tested effects of grafting methods (IGSB, BXGCS, and CG) and times (spring, summer, and autumn) on survival rates. Results indicated that sprouted scions flowered and set fruit in the third year after high-grafting, and grafted trees produced higher oil yields in the fourth year. Both grafting methods and times significantly influence grafting survival rates. The optimal grafting method for this species is BXGCS, resulting in a 77.4% survival rate in the summer. These results not only demonstrate that this new grafting technique is advantageous to improve low-yield trees, but also that grafting method and time affected survival rate, contributing to enhanced productivity. 相似文献
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【目的】为了探索苹果叶片缺铁失绿矫正新方法,【方法】通过田间试验和盆栽试验,分别研究了铁肥虹吸输液对矫正苹果缺铁失绿症的影响,铁肥虹吸输液和强力高压注射对叶片和根中铁含量的影响及铁在树体内的运输与分布。【结果】结果表明,铁肥虹吸输液能够在较短时间内使黄化的叶片复绿,显著增加叶片中叶绿素含量。虹吸输液增加叶片中铁含量显著多于强力高压注射,强力高压注射增加根中铁含量显著高于虹吸输液,虹吸输液铁肥靠叶片蒸腾拉力进入树体,强力高压注射的铁肥靠压力进入树体。【结论】铁肥虹吸输液是矫正苹果缺铁失绿症一种新的高效、简单易行方法。 相似文献
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Nahida Jelali Imen Ben Salah Wissal M'sehli Silvia Donnini Graziano Zocchi Mohamed Gharsalli 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
The aim of this work was to explore leaf characteristics underlining the difference in the sensitivity of pea cultivars (cv. Kelvedon, Douce and Lincoln) to Fe deficiency. Plants were grown in a greenhouse under controlled conditions in continuously aerated solution. Three treatments were used: 30 μM Fe (+Fe), 0 μM Fe (−Fe); direct deficiency and 30 μM Fe + 10 mM NaHCO3 (+Fe+Bic); indirect deficiency for 12 days. Growth parameters, iron status, potassium content, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic capacity were studied. Our results showed that Fe deficiency led to a significant decrease of chlorophyll index (SPAD readings) and bivalent iron content in all Pisum sativum cultivars. The lower reduction was observed in Fe-deficient plants of Kelvedon and Douce. In addition, shoot length and whole plant dry weight were not affected by Fe deficiency in the latter cultivars. Both tolerant cultivars showed higher accumulation of potassium content in their leaves compared with the sensitive one. Moreover, both chlorophyll fluorescence ratios (Fv/Fm and Fv/F0) were significantly decreased in all cultivars under both Fe deficiency treatments. The photosynthetic electron transport activity was reduced in the sensitive cultivar, especially in the absence of iron. The adverse effect of bicarbonate-induced Fe deficiency on the above mentioned parameters were more pronounced than that of the direct one. The capacity of both tolerant cultivars to preserve adequate chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthetic capacity and plant growth under iron-limiting conditions is related to the suitable nutrition of their leaves in ferrous iron, due to (at least partially) their higher potassium content. 相似文献