共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
用土壤养分系统研究法评价杨树人工林土壤养分状况 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
YUChang-bing CHENFang LUOZhi-jian CHENWei-wen 《林业研究》2004,15(4):298-300
A study was conducted to evaluate the soil nutrient status of poplar plantation by Soil Nutrient Systematic Approach(SNSA) in Jianghan Plain, Hubei Province, China. Soil physiochemical properties were analyzed in laboratory through collection soil samples of study site. Ten treatments of application different fertilizers were designed such as CK, optimum treatment (N, P,K, Zn), -N(P, K, Zn), -P(N, K, Zn), -K(N, P, Zn), Mg(N, P, K, Zn, Mg), -Zn (N,P,K), 2P(N, 2P, K, Zn), 2K(N, P, 2K, Zn), and 2N 2P 2K(2N, 2P, 2K, Zn) for field experiment to test the effect on tree height, diameter (DBH) growth, and dry weight of poplar.The results showed that there was no significant difference in tree heights between treatments with different fertilizers, diameter growth of poplar trees in treatments of lack of N and Zn was significantly slower than that of trees in optimum treatment, and dry weight of poplar dropped significantly for treatment of CK as well as treatments without application N and Zn. It is concluded that N and Zn were main limiting factor for poplar growth. Results from laboratory analysis and field experiment were uniform perfectly, which proved that SNSA was reliable in evaluating soil nutrient status of poplar plantation. 相似文献
2.
不同海拔毛竹土壤酶活性与土壤理化性质关系的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以江西省大岗山地区的毛竹林为研究对象,利用相关分析和主成分分析对不同海拔(300、400、500、600、700m)土壤纤维素酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶、β-葡糖苷酶和多酚氧化酶活性的变化特征进行了分析,探讨了其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明:土壤化学指标表现出随海拔的升高而增加的变化特征,除碱解氮外,其他各指标均处于较低水平,但物理指标的变化各不相同;随海拔升高,β-葡糖苷酶与多酚氧化酶活性呈现出增加的趋势,而纤维素酶、蔗糖酶和淀粉酶活性无明显变化规律;几种土壤酶对土壤肥力的指示效果不同,β-葡糖苷酶在评价毛竹林土壤肥力上具有重要指示效果,其后依次为蔗糖酶和多酚氧化酶、纤维素酶,但淀粉酶不适宜用来评价土壤肥力状况;通过主成分分析计算综合得分,不同海拔毛竹土壤肥力随海拔的升高而增加。 相似文献
3.
土壤温度和水分对长白山3种温带森林土壤呼吸的影响 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
为了研究土壤温度和土壤含水量对阔叶红松林(山地暗棕壤)、云冷杉暗针叶林(山地棕针叶林土壤)和岳桦林(生草森林土)的土壤呼吸的影响,于2001年9月在长白山进行了土壤实验。利用增加土壤样柱的含水量,将土壤含水量分为9%,、21%、30%、37%和43%5个等级,土壤样品分别在0、5、15、25和35 的温度下保持24小时。阔叶红松林土壤在0~35 范围内,土壤呼吸速率与温度呈正相关。在一定的含水量范围内(21%~37%),土壤呼吸随含水量的增加而升高,当含水量超出该范围,土壤呼吸速率则随含水量的变化而降低。土壤温度和水分对土壤呼吸作用存在明显的交互作用。不同森林类型土壤呼吸作用强弱存在显著差异,大小顺序为阔叶红松林>岳桦林>云冷杉暗针叶林.红松阔叶林土壤呼吸作用的最佳条件是土壤温度35 ,含水量37%;云冷杉暗针叶林下的山地棕色针叶土壤呼吸作用的最佳条件是25 ,21%;岳桦林土壤呼吸作用的最佳条件是35 ,含水量37%。但是,由于长白山阔叶红松林,云冷杉林和岳桦林处在不同的海拔带上,同期不同森林类型土壤温度各不相同,相差4~5 ,所以野外所测的同期的山地棕色针叶林土呼吸速率应低于暗棕色森林土呼吸速率,山地生草森林土呼吸速率应高于山地棕色针叶林土的呼吸速率。图2表1参25。 相似文献
4.
根据青海省西部一些地区海拔高、盐碱地段多的特点,从开沟整地、清灌排盐、客土改良、设置隔盐层、排盐沟等方面提出了盐碱化土壤的改良方法,并介绍了耐盐树种的选择及栽植技术. 相似文献
5.
为了探讨土壤质地和pH值对节肢动物多度的影响,于2008年8月对车八岭自然保护区进行了野外调查和采样,共捕获土壤节肢动物600头,隶属于6亚纲12目,其中以甲螨亚目的数量最多。结果表明:土壤节肢动物主要分布在凋落物层和表土层,优势类群基本为甲螨亚目和中气门亚目;土壤质地对土壤节肢动物多度有明显的影响,即在同一质地条件下,土壤节肢动物多度与土壤有机质含量之间有紧密的联系,两者呈多项式相关;土壤节肢动物多度与土壤全氮含量关系则受pH值的影响,当pH值4.2时,两者呈线性相关,而当pH值4.2时,两者呈多项式相关。 相似文献
6.
The interactions between component species in three-tier agroforestry systems were studied on sloping laterite soils of South India for three years. The wood yield of Eucalyptus was found to increase in association with the intercrops, with cassava + groundnut resulting in the best growth of Eucalyptus. Green forage yield of Leucaena was adversely affected by cassava but was improved by inclusion of a short duration seasonal crop. Both spread and mean length of lateral roots of Eucalyptus and Leucaena were restricted by cassava intercropping. Both the tree species were found to reduce the tuber yield of cassava and also the pod yield of both the seasonal crops when grown in association. Monocropping with cassava was found to improve the fertility and an increase in phosphorus and potassium contents of the soil was observed when grown in association with Eucalyptus and Leucaena. Soil fertility fell considerably after three years of cultivation of the tree species. The nutrient uptake by cassava was low when grown in association with perennial species. Both run off and soil loss were effectively reduced when cassava was grown in staggered mounds under Eucalyptus and Leucaena. 相似文献
7.
KOM活化堆土壤改良剂改良盐碱土壤的效果与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在盐碱较重的40hm2农田上施入KOM制剂,施入量为60kg·hm2,兑水800—1000倍,1个月后分别试验地和对照取样,对土壤物理性质和化学性质进行测试分析,8月上旬对作物长势进行调查测试。调查结果表明：在种植农作物的土壤中施人KOM,通过0．5cm、1．0cm、2．0cm、3．0cm、10．0cm孔径筛的土粒的百分率分别为对照的6．0倍、4．3倍、4．5倍、3．8倍和1．8倍;土壤有机质、水解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量分别为对照的1．4倍、1．5倍、8．9倍和4．2倍;菜豆豆荚的平均长度16cm左右,而对照不足10cm。在草地施入KOM（在顶极群落羊草未形成的前提下）,优势草层高度和草覆盖度分别提高了5个和14个百分点,丰富度指数和多样性指数分别是对照的2．2倍和4．0倍。在苏打盐碱土上施入KOM活化堆土壤改良剂,可显著改善土壤的理化性质,提高土地生产力。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Agroforestry for soil health 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Healthy soil is one of the most critical resources for the health and sustainability of ecosystems, including agroecosystems. Although the agroforestry community has long been convinced of the soil health benefits of agroforestry practices, many of such practices remain to be fully accepted by the mainstream agriculture community. Agroforestry, as a sustainable land management practice, has shown solid evidence of its role in improving soil quality and health based on at least four decades of data gathered from the world over. This thematic issue presents 28 papers that add further to the body of knowledge to reaffirm that agroforestry can improve the major measurable soil metrics that define soil health. Collectively, these papers show that agroforestry has the ability to (1) enrich soil organic carbon better than monocropping systems, (2) improve soil nutrient availability and soil fertility due to the presence of trees in the system, and (3) enhance soil microbial dynamics, which would positively influence soil health. It is imperative that agroforestry, as part of a multifunctional land-use strategy, should receive increased attention in our policy discussion for the future of soil and soil health. 相似文献
11.
JIA Xia HAN Shi-jie ZHAO Yong-hua ZHOU Yu-mei 《林业研究》2006,17(1):31-34
Microorganism DNA of rhizosphere soil from Pinus koraiensis and Pinus sylvestriformis were extracted by proteinase K based on SDS method, CTAB method, PVP （polyvinylpolypyrrolidone） method, and freezing and thawing method and the crude DNA from rhizosphere soil were purified by dialysis method, silver beads absorption method, and squeezing DNA gel method. The results of different extracting and purifying methods were compared and evaluated. Results indicated that the best method of extraction for microorganism DNA in rhizosphere soil was proteinse K based on SDS method with high salt concentration of 1.0% （w/v） NaCl, which could effectively eliminate humic acids and other impurities. The dialysis method was suitable to purify DNA from rhizosphere soil because of effectively removing brown matters and humic acids and the purified products were suited to PCR amplification. Squeezing DNA gel method was also a good purification method with the advantage of inexpensive in cost and efficient in use. 相似文献
12.
We investigated physiological responses of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) roots to soil strength and soil water deficit by measuring the osmotic potential (Psi(pi)) and yield turgor (Y) in the elongation zone of root segments of seedlings growing (i) in polyethylene glycol 4000-containing rooting solution of different water potentials (Psi(s)) and (ii) in soil of different soil strengths (Q) at the same soil matric potential (Psi(m)). Root elongation rate (Deltal/Deltat) decreased progressively with decreasing Psi(s) and was associated with decreased Psi(pi) and decreased turgor pressure (P). Osmotic adjustment occurred at Psi(s) < -0.2 MPa. Over a range in Psi(s) of -0.01 to -1.0 MPa, Psi(pi) fell 0.3 MPa whereas P fell 0.7 MPa. Mean Psi in the solution experiment was 0.37 MPa and did not differ significantly with Psi(s) (P = 0.10). Root elongation rate decreased exponentially as Q increased from 0 to 3.0 MPa, and was associated with an increase in P of 0.11 MPa as a consequence of Psi(pi) decreasing by the same amount. Mean Y in the soil experiment was 0.49 MPa and did not change significantly with Q (P = 0.87). 相似文献
13.
对樟树根际土与非根际土壤中PAHs分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:根际土壤中与非根际土壤中共检测出16种PAHs组分,非根际土中PAHs质量分数呈现21～40 cm41～60 cm0～20 cm的分布规律,而根际土中PAHs质量分数呈现21～40 cm0～20 cm41～60 cm的分布规律;根际土和非根际土中多环芳烃的总含量的最高值均在21～40 cm土层,平均值分别为2.622 9和2.292 6 mg.kg-1;2环和3环低分子量PAHs的迁移能力强于4～6环多环芳烃。 相似文献
14.
根际土壤微生物DNA提取及纯化方法的比较 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
本文采用了四种方法对红松和长白赤松土壤根际土壤微生物DNA进行了提取,同时分别采用了三种方法对所提取的根际土壤微生物粗DNA进行了纯化,并且对不同的提取和纯化方法进行了比较和评价。结果表明:对根际土壤微生物总DNA提取效果最好的是,以SDS为基础的含有1.0%(w/v)的高浓度NaCl的蛋白酶K法。这个方法可有效地去除腐殖酸和其它杂质。由于透析法能够积极有效地去除粗DNA中的棕色物质和腐殖酸,所以非常适合纯化根际土壤微生物DNA,而且纯化产物进行PCR扩增时效果很好。此外,挤胶法由于其经济有效的优点,所以也是一个很好的纯化根际土壤微生物粗DNA的方法。 相似文献
15.
Nobuaki Tamai Chisato Takenaka Shigehiro Ishizuka Takafumi Tezuka 《Journal of Forest Research》2001,6(4):311-313
The relationship between soil air volume and CH4 consumption in brown forest soils was investigated. The CH4 consumption was negatively affected when the soil air volume decreased in experiments carried out bothin situ and in the laboratory. A strong dependence of the CH4 consumption on the soil air volume was found in the laboratory experiment. These results indicate the possibility that the
soil air volume is the primary rate-limiting factor for the CH4 consumption in forest soil. Thus our work suggests that the other factors by which CH4 consumption might be affected should be examined under the same air volume condition in the soil. To obtain accurate data,
we need to be careful not to change the air volume by trampling or disturbing during the measurement of the natural methane
fluxin situ. 相似文献
16.
落叶松为松科落叶松属的落叶乔木,是我国东北、内蒙古林区以及华北、西南高山针叶林的主要森林组成树种。试验采用混合采样法,采集金沟屯林场不同林班的土样,对其土壤水分及土壤养分的含量进行分析。研究结果表明：落叶松有林地的土壤含水量（14．98％～18．75％）、有机质（19．0234～22．6999g／kg）、全氮（0．8350～0．9558g／kg）、全磷（0．3618～0．3988g／kg）、全钾（13．4389～14．0865g／kg）、碱解氮（82．2826～86．3147mg／kg）、速效磷（8．841O～9．7346mg／kg）、速效钾（170．0350-303．5020mg／kg）的含量均高于无林地的土壤含水量（10．20％～12．13％）、有机质（13．6614～16．8208g／kg）、全氮（0．4480～0．5040g／kg）、全磷（0．3388～0．3753g／kg）、全钾（11．9508～12．9810g／kg）、碱解氮（69．4000～72．0350mg／kg）、速效磷（5．839O～6．2873mg／kg）、速效钾（100．1399～206．9860mg／kg）的含量,这说明落叶松对土壤有着较好的涵养水源、保持水土的作用。 相似文献
17.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):364-371
Abstract The impact of tree species on soil carbon stocks and acidity in southern Sweden was studied in a non-replicated plantation with monocultures of 67-year-old ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), beech (Fagus silvatica L.), elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) and oak (Quercus robur L.). The site was characterized by a cambisol on glacial till. Volume-determined soil samples were taken from the O-horizon and mineral soil layers to 20?cm. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), pH (H2O), cation-exchange capacity and base saturation at pH 7 and exchangeable calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium ions were analysed in the soil fraction?<?2 mm. Root biomass (<5 mm in diameter) and its proportion in the forest floor and mineral soil varied between tree species. There was a vertical gradient under all species, with the highest concentrations of SOC, TN and base cations in the O-horizon and the lowest in the 10–20?cm layer. The tree species differed with respect to SOC, TN and soil acidity in the O-horizon and mineral soil. For SOC and TN, the range in the O-horizon was spruce?>?hornbeam?>?oak?>?beech?>?ash?>?elm. The pH in the O-horizon ranged in the order elm?>?ash?>?hornbeam?>?beech?>?oak?>?spruce. In the mineral soil, SOC and TN ranged in the order elm?>?oak?>?ash?=?hornbeam?>?spruce?>?beech, i.e. partly reversed, and pH ranged in the same order as for the O-horizon. It is suggested that spruce is the best option for fertile sites in southern Sweden if the aim is a high carbon sequestration rate, whereas elm, ash and hornbeam are the best solutions if the aim is a low soil acidification rate. 相似文献
18.
19.