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原木灵芝孢子研究：（Ⅳ）未破壁孢子与破壁孢子的比较 总被引：22，自引：3，他引：19
扫描电镜观察表明,破壁前灵芝孢子形态完整,破壁后孢壁结构被破坏,通过透射电镜发现破壁孢子的孢内物质易被释放。观察结果表明,复合力场超微粉碎法的破壁率高,超声波—冻融破壁法的破壁效果也较好,而超声速超微气流粉碎法仅使大部分孢子变形,未破坏其孢壁结构。分析结果表明,破壁孢子粉(破壁率≥95％)的粗蛋白、总糖含量变化不大,但粗脂肪(6.35％)及水溶性多糖(2.18％)含量分别较未破壁的提高了38.95％和20.83％;锌、铜、铬、硒等微量元素的含量变化不大,但锰(20μg/g)和镍(5.2κg/g)的含量明显高于未破壁孢子。此外,包括牛磺酸在内的19种游离氨基酸含量也没有明显变化。 相似文献
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以破壁灵芝孢子粉为原材料,通过提取、分离、浓缩、喷雾干燥制得一种去壁全溶高含量灵芝孢子粉,采用单因素实验研究溶剂乙醇添加量、提取温度、提取时间对多糖和三萜含量的影响,并通过正交试验优化工艺条件,结果为:影响多糖和三萜含量高低的因素依次为溶剂中乙醇添加量>提取温度>提取时间;综合分析得到提取最佳工艺组合为溶剂乙醇添加量10%,提取温度100℃,提取时间3 h(二次提取)。在此条件下制得的去壁全溶灵芝孢子粉多糖含量达到7.79%,三萜含量达到7.76%。 相似文献
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原木灵芝破壁孢子粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过设3个浓度的原木灵芝破壁孢子粉药物组和阴性对照组,分别进行ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验,绵羊红细胞诱导小鼠DTH试验,小鼠血清溶血素测定,抗体生成细胞检测,小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验,小鼠碳廓清试验,NK细胞活性测定试验和脏器指数测定。结果表明,与阴性对照组比较,低、中、高3个剂量原木灵芝破壁孢子粉均能提高小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖能力,差异均有显著性;高剂量组能提高小鼠左后足跖部24h与0h厚度差,差异有显著性;中剂量、高剂量组均能提高小鼠溶血空斑数,差异有显著性。说明原木灵芝破壁孢子粉具有较强的免疫调节作用。 相似文献
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目的：研究灵芝孢子在破壁前后,其内的灵芝三萜和灵芝多糖在人体消化系统内的差异。方法：采用模拟人体消化环境,用香草醛-高氯酸法[1]和蒽酮-硫酸法[2]检测孢子内的三萜和多糖含量。结果：孢子在破壁前后的三萜含量分别为0.29%和5.94%,多糖含量则分别为10.29 mg/g和11.44 mg/g;人工胃液处理的环境下,释放到人工胃液内的破壁孢子多糖含量大于未破壁孢子（0.98 mg/mL>0.62 mg/mL）;沉淀再经过人工肠液的处理后,人工肠液的多糖均未检出。破壁孢子沉淀的三萜含量大于未破壁孢子（6.68%>1.58%）,结论：灵芝孢子破壁后其有效成分更易于在人体消化环境内释放。 相似文献
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通过比较不同的破壁技术对灵芝孢子破壁率及有效成分溶出的影响,以期建立灵芝孢子的高效破壁工艺,并考察破壁灵芝孢子粉对小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果表明,采用超微粉碎破壁法,破壁时间30 min,破壁率达到96.97%,总三萜和总多糖的溶出量分别为34.16 mg/g和33.88 mg/g,比对照分别提高了160.2%和390.0%。此外,与未破壁灵芝孢子粉比较,破壁灵芝孢子粉的免疫活性显著增强,显著减轻小鼠脾脏的损伤,延缓迟发型变态反应,增加单核-巨噬细胞吞噬功能和血清溶血素的含量。 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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