共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
选用 2 4只 4月龄杜泊羊与小尾寒羊杂交一代 ,采用饲养试验和消化试验 ,研究生长杂种肉羊的蛋白需要量及其代谢规律。试验分高、中、低三个蛋白水平。结果表明 :试羊对日粮蛋白质的消化率和代谢率分别为 6 6 .96 %和 34.96 %。生长肉羊代谢粪氮 (MFN)和内源尿氮 (EUN)的排出量分别为 0 .16 4 0g/kgW0 .75·d和 0 .0 997g/kgW0 .75·d。生长肉羊维持可消化粗蛋白质需要量为 2 .5 9g/kgW0 .75·d ,每增重 1kg需可消化粗蛋白 374 .98g。生长肉羊的可消化粗蛋白总需要量 (RDCP ,RCP ,g/d)可按下式计算 : RDCP =2 .5 9W0 .75+374 .98△W RCP =3.88W0 .75+5 6 0△W 式中 :W0 .75,代谢体重 (kg) ;△W ,日增重 (kg) 相似文献
2.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(3)
为了研究育成期崂山奶山羊蛋白质需要量,试验采用饲养试验、消化代谢试验研究育成期崂山奶山羊蛋白质需要量及氮代谢规律,选用144日龄、体重相近[(14.57±0.32)kg]的崂山奶山羊断奶母羊30只,采用单因素设计,随机分成3个处理,每个处理10个重复,每个重复1只羊,分别饲喂能量、纤维、钙及磷水平基本一致,粗蛋白质(CP)水平分别为10.5%、13.2%和15.8%的3种饲粮。结果表明:15.8%组试验羊具有最高日增重120.86 g/d,极显著高于10.5%组(105.49 g/d),试验羊每增重1 g需要粗蛋白质0.36 g/d。育成期崂山奶山羊蛋白质需要量析因公式分别为RCP=3.27 W0.75+0.38△W、RDCP=2.43 W0.75+0.27△W,沉积蛋白=1.24W0.75+0.12△W[RCP为粗蛋白质需要量(g/d),RDCP为可消化粗蛋白质需要量(g/d),W0.75为代谢体重(kg),△W为平均日增重(g/d)]。 相似文献
3.
小尾寒羊泌乳期母羊能量需要量及代谢规律研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
选择有代表性的小尾寒羊泌乳母羊6只，分成哺育单羔和双羔两组，每组3只，分泌乳前期（1～30天），泌乳中期（31～60天）和泌乳后期（61～90天）3个阶段进行饲养试验、消化代谢试验、呼吸测热试验及屠宰试验等研究。两组试羊均按NRC（1978）推荐的绵羊泌乳期哺育双羔母羊能量需要量供给代谢能和其它养分。结果表明，在本研究条件下，小尾寒羊泌乳母羊（包括哺育单、双羔者）在整个泌乳期内的平均日干物质（DM）、有机物质（OM）、代谢能（ME）和泌乳量分别为1689g，1571g，19．893MJ和653g。DM、OM和总能（GE）表观消化率分别为70.71％，72．58％和70．34％，代谢率（MEI／DEI）为84．89％。甲烷能占GEI的9．18％。每日畜体产热量（HP）为625．5KJ／kgW0.75。研究还表明：小尾寒羊泌乳母羊的每日维持代谢能和净能需要量分别为582．6和460KJ／kgW0.75，每户1kg原乳需要10802KJ的代谢能。维持效率为0．790泌乳效率为0．479，HI占GEI的18．10％。分析结果证明，试羊的泌乳量、采食量、畜体产热量和能量转化效率在单、双羔之间均无显著差异（P＞0．05）。小尾寒羊泌乳母羊的代谢能总需要量（MER）可用下式估计：羊羔：MER＝576．9W0.75＋10810M；双羔：MER＝588．2W0.75＋10794M；平均：MER＝582．6W0.75＋1 相似文献
4.
青山羊泌乳期哺育双羔母羊的蛋白质营养需要及其代谢规律的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用体重、产羔期基本相同的青山羊泌乳母羊24只 ,随机取6只用于内源N测定试验和第一次比较屠宰试验 ,其余18只随机分成三组 ,每组6只 ,分别喂以蛋白质水平不同(1组 -100 %、2组 -120 %、3组 -80%) ,但能量水平相同的日粮。整个试验分泌乳前期(1～30天)和泌乳后期(31～70天) ,进行饲养试验、消化代谢试验、内源N测定试验和比较屠宰试验。饲养试验表明 :试羊的平均日蛋白质采食量(CPI)与乳中蛋白量呈强相关(P<0.01) ,其回归关系为 :泌乳前期 :Y=2.81X +33.21 ;泌乳后期 :Y=4.24X +21.67;式中Y为CPI ;X为乳中蛋白量。消化代谢试验表明 :试羊对干物质消化率、日粮粗蛋白质消化率、粗蛋白质代谢率及可消化粗蛋白质代谢率分别为69.71%、68.16 %、23.00 %、33.11%。内源N测定试验表明 :试羊泌乳前期和后期的内源尿氮(EUN)均为0.127g/kg W0.75 d ;代谢粪氮(MFN)泌乳前期为0.378g/kgW0.75 d ,泌乳后期为0.328g/kgW0.75 d。比较屠宰试验表明 :试羊的体蛋白及其他组分含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。根据上述试验结果可得出青山羊泌乳期哺育双羔母羊的可消化粗蛋白质需要量公式为 :Y=2.79W0.75+90.82L;式中 :Y为RDCP(g/d);L为产奶量(kg/d);W0.75为代谢体重(kg)。 相似文献
5.
选择18头健康、体重(183.58±7.89)kg的6月龄利木赞×鲁西黄牛杂交生长牛,采用饲养试验、消化代谢试验和尼龙袋试验,研究了7~10月龄生长牛的蛋白质需要量及其代谢规律。试验结果表明,本试验日粮的粗蛋白质对7~10月龄生长牛的消化率、沉积率和瘤胃降解率分别为75.93%、35.28%和56.28%。生长牛在7~10月龄时的维持粗蛋白质需要量为6.46 g/kgW0.75.d,增重的粗蛋白质需要量为463.42 g/kg。生长牛在7~10月龄时期,其粗蛋白质需要量(RCP,g/d)、可消化粗蛋白质需要量(RDCP,g/d)和瘤胃降解蛋白质需要量(RDP,g/d)可按下式计算:RCP=6.46W0.75+463.42△W;RDCP=4.91W0.75+351.87△W;RDP=2.76W0.75+198.04△W。 相似文献
6.
中国美利奴育成羊蛋白质维持需要量的测定 《畜牧与饲料科学》1997,18(Z1):233-233
通过对18只中国美利奴育成羊用3种含氮水平日粮所作的氮平衡试验得出：①育成公羊和育成母羊维持氮的需要量分别是0．8679g／W0.75·d和0．5721g／W0.75·d,公羊显著高于母羊。主要原因是育成公羊内源尿氮（EUN）的排出量是0．1044g／W0.75·d,有成母羊的排出量是0．0607g／W0.75·d,公羊显著高于母羊,这可能与公羊体内蛋白质代谢强度比母羊旺盛有关。②影响绵羊粪氮排出量的主要因素是氮的进食量和粗纤维的进食量,在一般口粮条件下,后者影响更大。本试验测得代谢粪氮排出量（Y）与粗纤维进食量（x）间,有如下回归关系：Y＝2．7441＋0．0190x（R＝0．95）。 相似文献
7.
选用６只大尾寒羊泌乳母羊,通过饲养试验、消化代谢试验、比较屠宰试验等手段,研究其蛋白质需要量。结果表明,大尾寒羊泌乳期代谢粪氮（ＭＦＮ）和内源尿氮（ＥＵＮ）的排出量分别为０．１２２９和０．１３８０ｇ／ｋｇＷ０·７５．ｄ。大尾寒羊泌乳期维持可消化粗蛋白需要量为１,７６ｇ／ｋｇＷ０·７５．ｄ,每产１ｋｇ奶需要消化粗蛋白７０ｇ,大尾寒羊泌乳期可消化粗蛋白的总需要量（ＲＤＣＰ,ｇ／ｄ可按下式求得：ＲＤＣＰ＝１．７６Ｗ０·７５＋７０ＭＰ（式中：Ｗ０·７５为代谢体重,ｋｇ：ＭＰ为产奶量,ｋｇ。 相似文献
8.
乌珠穆沁羊当年羔羊蛋白质维持需要量的研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》1997,18(Z1):255-255
选用9只6月龄乌珠穆沁羯羊用3×3拉丁方设计方案进行了三期氮平衡试验。试验羊分别饲以7％、8．5％和10％3个日粮粗蛋白水平。用回归分析法确定出体重26kg乌珠穆沁羊的蛋白质维特需要量为45．7g／d（N×6．25）。用析因法进一步估算出体重26kg乌穆沁羊的蛋白质生长需要量。用回归分析法确定出乌珠穆沁羊的代谢粪N为12．51g／kg粪干物质;内源尿N为0．1839g／W0.75d。 相似文献
9.
选用小尾寒羊空怀母羊１２只，随机分为三组，分别喂以蛋白质水平不同而能量水平相同的日粮，进行氮平衡试验。结果表明，日粮氮的表观消化率与真消化率之差值随食入氮量的增加而减少。小尾寒羊空怀母羊内源尿氮（ＥＵＮ）和代谢粪氮（ＭＦＮ）的排出量分别为０．１２６７和０．０７９８５ｇ／ｋｇＷ０．７５·ｄ。小尾寒羊空怀母羊对可消化粗蛋白的维持需要为１．７４ｇ／ｋｇＷ０．７５·ｄ。 相似文献
10.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(1)
为了明确泌乳期崂山奶山羊适宜蛋白质需要量,试验选择泌乳中期崂山奶山羊2胎母羊30只,采用单因素随机分组设计分成3组,饲喂蛋白质水平分别为11.06%、13.79%、16.56%的3种TMR日粮,定期测定体重、采食量、产奶量及乳成分。结果表明:16.56%组崂山奶山羊平均产奶量最高,13.79%组羊乳中乳蛋白量、乳脂率均高于11.06%组和16.56%组;泌乳期崂山奶山羊粗蛋白质维持需要量(RCPm)为3.37 g/(kg W0.75·d),转化为可消化粗蛋白质维持需要量(RDCPm)为2.24 g/(kg W0.75·d);泌乳期崂山奶山羊每产1 kg奶需要粗蛋白质129.70 g,可消化粗蛋白质86.42 g。 相似文献
11.
日粮中不同代谢能、降解蛋白和非降解蛋白水平对泌乳前期细毛羊生产性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用87只2～3岁的河北细毛羊进行了粗蛋白水平为10.6％～22.2％;代谢能为11.05～11.98MJ/kg;降解蛋白(RDP/CP)为77.1％～87.6％和不同非降解蛋白(UDP)为44.91～57.94g/日/只等4个水平对泌乳前期母羊体重、泌乳力及羔羊生长发育影响的研究,同时探讨了羔羊日吮乳量与羔羊平均日增重的关系。试验结果表明,河北细毛羊泌乳前期(1～50天)ME、RDP和UDP的适宜供给量分别为1.02MJ/kgW~(0.75)/d、9.20g/kgW~(0.75)/d和3.08g/kgW~(0.75)/d。羔羊平均日吮乳量(X)与日增重(Y)的关系为Y=0.0072+0.2536X(r=0.5201,P<0.01)。在低营养水平饲养条件下,适当给母羊增加降解氮食入量,可提高增重和泌乳量。 相似文献
12.
A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the elimination of swainsonine in the milk of lactating ruminants following a single dose oral exposure to swainsonine (locoweed; Oxytropis sericea) and to assess subsequent subclinical effects on the mothers and their nursing young. In a preliminary experiment, lactating ewes were gavaged with locoweed providing 0.8 mg swainsonine/kg BW (n = 4; BW = 75.8 +/- 3.6 kg; lactation = d 45) and lactating cows were offered up to 2.0 mg swainsonine/kg BW free choice (n = 16; BW = 389.6 +/- 20.9 kg; lactation = d 90). Serum and milk were collected at h 0 (before treatment), 3, 6, 12, and 24 for ewes, and h 0 (before treatment), 6, 12, 18, and 24 for cows. Swainsonine was highest (P < 0.05) by h 6 in the serum and milk of ewes. Consumption of at least 0.61 mg swainsonine/kg BW induced consistent (> 0.025 microg/mL) appearance of swainsonine in cow serum and milk. In response to the results obtained in the preliminary experiment, a subsequent experiment utilizing lactating ewes (n = 13; BW = 74.8 +/- 6.4 kg; lactation = d 30) and cows (n = 13; BW = 460.8 +/- 51.9 kg; lactation = d 90) was conducted. Each lactating ruminant was gavaged with a locoweed extract to provide 0 (control), 0.2, or 0.8 mg swainsonine/kg BW and individually penned with her nursing young. Serum and milk from the mothers and serum from the nursing young were collected at h 0 (before treatment), 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 and 48 (an additional sample was obtained at h 72 for ewes and lambs). Serum and milk swainsonine was higher (P < 0.05) in the 0.8 mg treated groups and maximal (P < 0.05) concentrations occurred from h 3 to 6 for ewes and h 6 to 12 h for cows (P < 0.05). Rises in alkaline phosphatase activity indicated subclinical toxicity in the treated ewes (P < 0.05). Following a single dose oral exposure to 0.2 and 0.8 mg swainsonine/kg BW provided by a locoweed extract, swainsonine was detected in the serum and milk of lactating ewes and cows, and rises in serum alkaline phosphatase activity were observed in the ewes. Neither swainsonine nor changes in alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in the serum of the lambs and calves nursing the ewes and cows dosed with swainsonine. 相似文献
13.
van den Brand H Heetkamp MJ Soede NM Schrama JW Kemp B 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(6):1520-1528
The effects of feeding level and major dietary energy source used during lactation on sow milk composition, piglet body composition, and energy balance of sows were determined. During a 21-d lactation, 48 primiparous sows were fed either a Fat-rich (134.9 g/kg fat; 196.8 g/kg carbohydrate) or a Starch-rich (33.2 g/kg fat; 380.9 g/kg carbohydrate) diet at either a High (44 MJ NE/d; 1,050 g protein/d) or a Low (33 MJ NE/d; 790 g protein/d) feeding level. Within each feeding level, the two diets were fed to provide an isocaloric and isonitrogenous intake. At the Low feeding level, no differences in milk production, milk composition, or piglet body composition were found as a result of feeding the two dietary energy sources. However, at the High feeding level, sows fed the Fat-rich diet produced higher milk fat (8.4 vs 6.9%) and milk energy (5.38 vs 4.77 kJ/g) concentrations and a higher piglet body fat concentration (152.1 vs 135.4 g/kg) than sows fed the Starch-rich diet. At the Low feeding level, the energy balance (d 6 to d 20) of the sows was similar when fed either the Fat- or the Starch-rich diet (-558 and -515 kJ x BW(-.75) x d(-1)), but at the High feeding level, the energy balance was more negative in sows fed the Fat than those fed the Starch-rich diet (-544 vs -372 kJ x BW(-.75) x d(-1)). This suggests that at the High feeding level, dietary energy in the form of fat is preferentially used for milk fat synthesis, resulting in growth and in fatter piglets. Alternatively, at the High feeding level, Starch as the major energy source is used only for growth of the piglets, as confirmed by protein deposition, and also results in a less-negative energy balance for the sows. From this experiment, it can be concluded that effects of substituting cornstarch for fat in the diet of lactating sows on milk composition, piglet body composition, and energy balance of the sows are dependent on feeding level. 相似文献
14.
Bovera F Cutrignelli MI Calabrò S Piccolo G Tudisco R D'Urso S Infascelli F 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2007,91(5-6):181-186
Two total mixed rations, differing in energy and protein concentrations (diet A: 6.1 MJ/kg DM of NE(l), 112.5 g/kg DM of metabolizable protein, MP, and 101.7 g of protein digestible at the intestinal level, PDI, vs. diet B: 6.4 MJ, 95.1 g of MP, 78.9 g of PDI) were administered ad libitum for 1 year to two groups of 12 buffaloes in which the partial monthly turnover of animals allowed the lactation stage to be maintained close to 160 days. The diets were formulated to obtain, with a daily intake of about 15.5 kg of DM, a balanced energy supply but an excess of protein (diet A); the opposite occurred with diet B. The average dry matter intake recorded during the trial was 14.5 kg for diet A and 15.0 kg for diet B. Milk production was similar for both groups (7.94 kg vs. 7.95 kg). The diet with a higher protein concentration brought about a significant increase in protein, casein and non-protein nitrogen contents in the milk. A significant increase in milk fat percentage was observed when the animals were fed the diet with a higher energy concentration. The serum urea concentration (8.62 mm/l) of buffaloes fed diet A was outside the physiological range for lactating buffaloes. The energy and protein conversion efficiencies for milk production were more favourable when their supplies were balanced: 3.58 MJ of NE(l)/kg of FPCM for diet A; 2.50 g of MP or 2.07 g of PDI/g of protein milk for diet B. Moreover, when the requirements were satisfied, greater energy or protein supplies failed to induce significant changes in milk yield and quality. Finally, regarding the great differences between estimated MP requirements and those recorded during the trial, the authors suggest that the equations used in the CPM-Dairy software, formulated for dairy cows, are not applicable in buffaloes. 相似文献
15.
Milk production, milk fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in dairy ewes raised on feedlot or grazing pasture 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
To evaluate milk production and milk fatty acid (FA) composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content, 75 Sicilo-Sarde ewes were used on three dietary treatments during 89 days. Two groups were conducted on rotational grazing in separate pastures of green barley grass (GB group) or perennial ryegrass (RG group) and receiving daily 300 g of concentrate/ewe. A third group was conducted in feedlot (FL group) on oat hay and silage and receiving 500 g of the same concentrate per ewe per day. Milk production did not differ among GB and RG pasture treatments (617 ml/day) but it was higher (p < 0.01) than FL one (363 ml/day). Milk fat and protein content were higher for ewes in FL than for ewes raised on both pasture treatments (88.8 and 56.7 vs. 74.5 and 54 g/kg for fat and protein, respectively). However, fat and protein yields were higher for pasture groups than FL one. The palmitic, oleic, miristic, stearic, and caprinic acids were dominant for all regimens. Short-chain FA (C4:0–C10:0) did not differ among all treatments. The medium chain FA content was significantly higher in milk fat from FL group. Conversely, the long chain ones increased for grazing groups. Milk from pasture groups had a higher C18:3 proportion than that from FL sheep (4.5 vs. 2.7 g/1000 g). The CLA content was significantly (p < 0.001) higher for grazing groups than for FL one (7.3 and 10.3 for GB and RG, respectively, vs. 2.4 g/1000 g for FL). Pasture-based diets increased the concentrations of long-chain unsaturated FA and desirable FA in milk fat. 相似文献
16.
Ch. Milis 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):191-195
Abstract This study was conducted in order to develop equations for the prediction of ewe's milk energy content via milk composition. Twenty-four multiparous Chios breed ewes were examined in a eight-week study that started at parturition. Animals were fed in groups (12 ewes), with two, highly concentrated (forage to concentrate ratio 30:70 DM), rations differing in undegradable protein (UP) content. The following equations are proposed: (i) when fat content (F; g/kg) is the only variable: EVL(kJ/kg)=39×F+2090 (SE 0.30 kJ/g), (ii) when total solids (TS; g/kg) is the only variable: EVL(kJ/kg)=33×TS–1222 (SE 0.26 kJ/g) whilst the following equation is proposed when solids non fat content (SNF; g/kg) is an additional known variable: EVL (kJ/kg)=39×F+36×SNF–1990 (SE 0.27 kJ/g). Fat corrected milk (FCM) yield can be calculated by the following equation: Y (FCM 6%; kg/d)=L (kg/d)×[0.472+0.0088×F (g/kg)], where L is milk yield. 相似文献
17.
本试验旨在研究补饲高蛋白质、高脂肪精饲料对驴产乳量和乳成分的影响。选择 ３～７岁的健康泌乳母驴 ３４头,设 Ａ（１２头）、Ｂ（１０头）和 Ｃ（１２头）３个区,共 ５个处理。所有驴饲喂基础饲粮。每个区均设对照组,各试验组驴分别补饲粗蛋白质水平为 ３１．４４％（试验 １组,Ａ区,４头）、粗脂肪水平为 ２５．７７％［２０％棉籽油（试验 ２组,Ａ区,４头）、２０％葵花籽油（试验 ３组,Ｂ区,５头）、２０％菜籽油（试验 ４组,Ｃ区,６头）］的试验精饲料 １．５ｋｇ／ｄ。预试期 １４ｄ,正试期１４ｄ。结果表明：１）除含 ２０％葵花籽油的试验精饲料外,其余试验精饲料采食量（＞１３００ｇ／ｄ）均达到预期的采食量,且未出现消化异常,表明所用精饲料适口性较好,驴对它们有较好的适应性;２）补饲含 ２０％棉籽油和含 ２０％菜籽油的试验精饲料均显著提高了驴日均产乳量（Ｐ＜０．０５）,驴日均产乳量可达 １．５ｋｇ／ｄ,而日均总泌乳量可达 ４ｋｇ／ｄ;３）补饲不同试验精饲料对乳成分无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）,驴乳中乳蛋白、乳糖、粗灰分含量较稳定,而乳脂含量变化非常大。总之,补饲高蛋白质、高脂肪的精饲料可提高驴产乳量,但对乳成分的影响不明显。 相似文献