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1.
DC Orfanou HN Ververidis A Pourlis IA Fragkou AN Kokoli CM Boscos IA Taitzoglou A Tzora CM Nerou L Athanasiou GC Fthenakis 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):152-155
We aimed to study the normal puerperium in the bitch. Ovariohysterectomy was performed in nine bitches, each at a different day after normal whelping; their genital tract was subject to gross anatomical examination, as well as to histological examination and electron microscopy scanning. Corpora albicans were evenly distributed in the left and right ovaries and placental sites were evenly distributed among left and right uterine horns. Placental sites were initially of dark green to grey colour, later becoming dark brown; their length and height progressively decreased. Height of the myometrium and diameter of the uterine glands progressively decreased. Trophoblast-like cells were consistently observed at the placental sites and on the surface of the interplacental areas, at all time points where hysterectomy had been performed. It is suggested that involution of the canine genital tract can last up to 3 months and is slow. Continuous (up to D84 post-partum) presence of prominent placental sites should be considered a normal feature of canine uterine post-partum involution. 相似文献
2.
P V Miettinen 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1990,31(2):181-185
The effect of parity on the cervical and uterine involution was studied in 79 Finnish dairy cows on a research farm. The cows were examined clinically by rectal palpation 3 times a week during 8 weeks postpartum. The diameters of the cervix and uterine horns were estimated manually. The parous uterine horn was compared with the non-parous one. The results were separately analysed in primiparous cows (n = 18) and in those with the third calving (n = 61). A significant difference (p less than 0.001) between the parous and non-parous uterine horns was obtained until 21 days. Thereafter, involution still continued and equal diameters for the horns were not found until 5 weeks after parturition. A decline of the cervical diameter continued until 30 days after the delivery. The parity had no significant effect on the swiftness of uterine or cervical involution. However, in multiparous cows the cervical diameter remained larger than that in the primiparous animals still at 8 weeks postpartum. 相似文献
3.
Ababneh MM Degefa T 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2005,52(5):244-248
Twenty-six postpartum Balady goats (primiparous, n=13; pluriparous, n=13) were used in this study. One animal of each group was slaughtered on postpartum days 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 13, 19 and 25; in addition, three control nulliparous goats were slaughtered, and the genital tracts collected. Progress of uterine involution was monitored by repeated ultrasonographic measurements in live animals (primiparous n=6; pluriparous n=6) and measurement of the outer circumference of the uterine horns of slaughtered animals (primiparous n=8; pluriparous n=8). A consistent and progressive decrease in ultrasonographic and outer circumference measurements was found, although faster during the first 7 days postpartum than between days 7 and 19 postpartum. Uterine involution, assessed by the upper limit of the measurements in the nulliparous goats, followed a quadratic pattern and was completed by day 19 postpartum. Ultrasonographically, two elliptical-circular echogenic areas separated by an anechoic line of the stratum vascularis were depicted. Regressing caruncles and fluid in uterine lumen were recognized during the first week postpartum. Further analysis revealed a highly positive correlation between the outer circumference and ultrasonographic measurements. In conclusion, uterine involution in Balady goats was completed by day 19 postpartum and was unrelated to parity. The close association between ultrasound findings and macroscopic involution indicated that ultrasonography can dependably be used to monitor uterine involution under field conditions and can be a suitable alternative to animal slaughter for the study of uterine involution. 相似文献
4.
The rate of uterine involution postpartum was monitored in 13 suckling mule ewes by using radio-opaque markers and radiography, and each ewe was also monitored for intrauterine bacterial contamination during the first week, using a sterile guarded swab. Peripheral plasma or serum concentrations of haptoglobin, seromucoid, ceruloplasmin and 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGFM) were measured up to six weeks postpartum. The maximum reduction in the length of the uterine body and in the diameters of the horns occurred by 28 days postpartum, except in one ewe in which the size of the uterus continued to decrease for 42 days. Four ewes were positive for intrauterine bacterial contamination; Escherichia coli, clostridial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis and Enterococcus species were isolated in pure or mixed culture. The presence of intrauterine bacteria did not affect the time for the completion of uterine involution. No bacteria were isolated from the ewe in which involution was delayed, but it had a different acute phase protein response and was therefore excluded from further analyses. In the remaining 12 ewes the mean postpartum haptoglobin response increased, with peak concentrations occurring on day 1, and decreased slowly as uterine involution progressed, but the four contaminated ewes had a significantly greater response. There was no difference between the prepartum and postpartum concentrations of seromucoid in the eight sterile ewes, but significant increases were observed in the contaminated group; the concentrations of ceruloplasmin did not vary in either group. The concentrations of PGFM were higher during the early postpartum period in the ewes with contaminated uteri. 相似文献
5.
应用扫描电镜观察了 5头奶牛产后不同时期子宫内膜的变化。结果发现 ,分娩后早期 ,奶牛子宫内膜部分破损 ,与破损部位相邻的细胞在产后 1周内相继脱落 ;未破损内膜上皮细胞表面的纤毛和微绒毛形状不整、数量减少。产后2周 ,基底细胞开始生长 ,至产后 4 5 d时生长完成 ;产后 4周 ,内膜破损区域缩小 ,上皮细胞表面纤毛和微绒毛形状规则、数量增加 ;产后 4 5 d,偶见上皮细胞缺失 ;至产后 6 0 d,子宫内膜上皮细胞完整、排列有序、被覆纤毛和微绒毛。上述结果表明 ,奶牛子宫内膜在分娩后 6 0 d内完成修复。 相似文献
6.
Contents: In this review, the role of eicosanoids in regulation of parturition and the postpartum period was described with special emphasis on the bovine species. The metabolism of arachidonic acid and the production of eicosanoids during the peripartum period was discussed. Prostaglandin E2 and F2α (PGE2 , PGF2α ) play an important role in mechanisms controlling parturition. They are involved in luteolysis, uterine contractions and dilation of the cervix. Eicosanoids also seem to influence the loosening processes of the fetal membranes. However, in the literature, conflicting results were found. Many investigations suggested that retained placental membranes could be related to low PGF2α production and/ or an imbalance of arachidonic acid metabolism in the uterus. The possible role of the lipoxygenase pathway metabolite 15-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) in expulsion of the fetal membranes was also discussed. As far as the postpartum period is concerned, a relationship between postpartum PGF2α release and the involution of the uterus was found. Cows with undisturbed uterine involution had higher PGF2α production than cows with delayed involution. In contrast to the positive effect of PGF2α on uterine involution, PGE2 seems to delay the involution processes. Further experiments are necessary in order to study the function of eicosanoids in mechanisms regulating parturition, release of the fetal placental membranes and involution of the uterus. 相似文献
7.
Physiopathologie et thérapeutique de l'utérus en période puerpérale chez la vache laitière: revue 
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下载免费PDF全文 Accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutics of uterine pathologies in cattle represent some of the daily preoccupations for the veterinarians involved in herd health medicine. A rational approach requires a competence based on fundamental and clinical knowledge.
The physiological aspects of the uterine involution in cattle are reviewed with emphasis about the in utero bacteriological dynamic and the endocrinological evolution during this period. The pathogenesis of uterine pathologies is discussed following new research results and new knowledge on the mechanisms of uterine defense. The value and limitations of the clinical diagnosis is briefly reviewed. The therapeutics of uterine pathologies is debated in relation with the pathophysiology of the uterine involution and with the rational of the traditional and new concepts of the treatment of the postpartum uterine pathologies.
相似文献8.
Conceptus competition for uterine space: different strategies exhibited by the Meishan and Yorkshire pig 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Our laboratory has demonstrated that Yorkshire placentae increase in size and surface area during the final third of gestation. In contrast, Meishan placental size remains constant during late gestation, but the density of blood vessels at the placental-endometrial interface increases markedly. Preliminary observations from our laboratory suggest that if one of two adjacent Meishan fetuses dies, the placenta of the remaining Meishan conceptus fails to increase its length of implantation or its placental weight or surface area. In contrast, if one of two adjacent Yorkshire fetuses dies, the adjacent conceptus accelerates its placental growth. The objective of this experiment was to document that Yorkshire, but not Meishan, conceptuses accelerate placental growth when adjacent fetuses are experimentally destroyed on d 40 of gestation. Straightbred Meishan (n = 5) and Yorkshire (n = 5) females were laparotomized and one uterine horn was randomly assigned to receive fetal crushing (treated horn); the other uterine horn served as a within-animal control. In the treated horn, every other fetus was then crushed through the uterine wall and the animals were allowed to recover. On d 111, animals were killed, uteri were recovered, and fetal weight, crown-rump length (CRL), placental weight, implantation site length, and placental surface area were recorded. Although there were no statistically significant differences in fetal weight or CRL observed between treated or control horns of females of either breed, there was a tendency for the fetuses in the treated uterine horn to be longer and heavier in both breeds. There were no differences in placental weight, placental surface area, or implantation site length between conceptuses in Meishan treated and control horns, which averaged 173.8+/-6.4 g, 1,162.7+/-35.9 cm2, and 19.0+/-0.4 cm, respectively. In contrast, placental weight, placental surface area, and implantation site length were increased (P < 0.05) in Yorkshire treated horns compared to Yorkshire control horns (306.1+/-26.0 g, 1,835+/-93.9 cm2, and 33.4+/-1.5 cm vs 253.7+/-13.4 g, 1,474.3+/-50.4 cm2, and 27.2+/-0.8 cm; respectively). These data confirm that Yorkshire conceptuses, but not Meishan conceptuses, accelerate placental growth when adjacent littermates perish as late as d 40 of gestation. These data indicate that differences exist in the strategies employed by Meishan and Yorkshire conceptuses in the competition for nutrients during gestation. 相似文献
9.
应用组织学方法观察了雌性空怀双峰驼生殖道的形态结构。结果显示，双峰驼生殖道的基本结构与其他哺乳动物相似，但微细结构有差异。双峰驼输卵管粘膜皱襞极其发达，分支多而呈复杂的网状迷路。皱襞基部的迷路酷似固有膜而存在腺体，迷路网格内常见细胞团块。虽然双峰驼怀孕时胎儿位于左侧子宫角，但左、右子宫角以及子宫体的组织结构基本相同。子宫内膜无肉阜，上皮下陷于固有膜内，形成大量长而弯曲的单管状腺。子宫颈固有膜浅层分布有许多小腺体，深层分布有成群的较大腺体。这些腺体为分支管状腺，腺上皮PAS强阳性。阴道粘膜上皮为复层上皮。从输卵管到阴道，粘膜上皮主要为单层柱状上皮，由纤毛细胞和分泌细胞组成，局部可见假复层柱状纤毛上皮。纤毛细胞由前向后逐渐减少，但在子宫颈仍可见到。粘膜上皮和腺上皮内夹有许多淋巴细胞或中性粒细胞，后段局部甚至见到这些免疫细胞浸润于上皮细胞间。固有膜内分布有大量淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、肥大细胞、浆细胞和巨噬细胞，有时出现淋巴滤泡。 相似文献
10.
11.
Ultrasonically detectable characteristics of the uterus and embryo and palpable uterine tone were assessed in 10 postpartum mares. A bright fern-like pattern of ultrasonic uterine echogenicity, outlining the endometrial folds, was observed for an average of 2.1 ±0.2 days following parturition (range, 1 to 3 days). Unexpectedly, the uterus was quiescent throughout the postpartum interval, based on daily one-minute contractility scans. Contractility was maximal on Days 12 to 15 of pregnancy in both postpartum (n=7) and nonparturient (n=7) mares. The mean diameter of ultrasonically detectable intrauterine fluid collections increased (P<0.05) abruptly between days 1 and 2 postpartum and gradually decreased (P<0.05) between days 4 and 7; no collections were detected after day 16. There was no effect of day on echogenicity of the intrauterine fluid collections; on all days, fluid was relatively black or nonechogenic, suggesting that puerperal endometritis was not a problem in this group. Because the increase in intraluminal fluid occurred after parturition and in temporal association with a decrease in diameter and tone of the uterus, the fluid collections apparently represented a physiologic influx from the involuting uterus rather than residual placental fluid. Involution of the horns was completed by day 27 (formerly nongravid horn) and day 31 postpartum (formerly gravid horn), based on failure to detect further significant decreases in diameter. However, the formerly gravid horn was larger (P<0.05) in diameter than the formerly nongravid horn on each of Days 1 to 35 postpartum (end of experiment), indicating residual effects on uterine size. When averaged over both horns, uterine diameters were larger on Days 0 to 24 (Day 0=day of ovulation) of pregnancy in postpartum mares than in nonparturient mares; by Day 25, diameters were similar between statuses. By approximately Day 6 of pregnancy, uterine contractility and ultrasonic endometrial exhotexture were similar between postpartum mares and nonparturient mares. Uterine tone was greater (P<0.05) in postpartum mares than in nonparturient mares on all days between Day 0 and 25. An unexpected, transient increase in uterine tone was detected on Day 5 of pregnancy in both postpartum mares and nonparturient mares. No differences were found between reproductive statuses in patterns of embryo mobility, the day of fixation of the embryonic vesicle (postpartum, Day 15.3 ±0.4; nonparturient, Day 15.0 ±0.3), and diameter of the embryonic vesicle on the day of fixation (postpartum, 22.1 ±1.4 mm; nonparturient, 19.4 ±l.6mm). However, mean uterine tone and mean horn diameters on the side of fixation were greater (cranial and middle cornual segments; P<0.05) or tended to be greater (caudal segment; P<0.1 ) on the day of fixation in postpartum mares than in nonparturient mares. In all postpartum mares, fixation occurred in the formerly nongravid horn. Enhanced uterine tone in postpartum mares may account for the occurrence of fixation on the same day for the two reproductive statuses, despite the larger uterus in postpartum mares. 相似文献
12.
子宫复旧是奶牛产后生殖器官恢复的一个重要时期,复旧时间的长短会直接影响产后第一次发情的时间,子宫复旧的正常时间为产后30～46d。本试验为研究促卵泡素(FSH)与促黄体素(LH)在子宫复旧过程中的变化规律,选择了年龄、胎次相近,健康状况良好的产后奶牛15头,应用放射免疫分析法在子宫复旧期间每3天对奶牛血清中FSH与LH进行一次测定,前后持续10次。由试验数据可得出,FSH与LH分泌水平在子宫复旧的早期比较低,FSH浓度到产后第15天达到峰值,LH从产后第21天开始大幅上升,到产后第24天浓度达到峰值,之后二者浓度变动范围不大。 相似文献
13.
Ayat Omer ELKHALIL Yuko MAEJIMA Masato AOYAMA Hideyuki TANAKA Shoei SUGITA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(4):313-323
Morphological changes to and collagen loss from the rat uterus during postpartum involution were investigated. The expression patterns of collagen type III and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also determined. Morphological changes were studied on days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 22 and 25 postpartum. As a control, diestrus rats’ uterine were used. Specimens from the uterine horn were embedded in paraffin, cut into 8 µm coronal sections, and stained with hematoxylin‐eosin. The thickness of the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers and of the endometrium were measured. The collagen content was determined using hydroxyproline analysis. Immunostaining was used to examine the expression of collagen type III on days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 postpartum; and MPO on days 1, 3, 5, 10 and 22 postpartum. The thickness of the smooth muscle layers was found to decrease rapidly postpartum: the circular smooth muscle layer returned to that of a non‐pregnant, control uterus by day 5 postpartum and the longitudinal smooth muscle layer by day 15 postpartum. Eosinophilic cells were observed in the endometrial stroma adjacent to the myometrium on days 10, 15 and 20 postpartum, and were confirmed as collagenous cells. Immunostaining identified collagen type III positive cells in the vessel‐rich layer adjacent to the placental site on days 1, 3, 5 and 10 postpartum, and these cells were confirmed to be phagocytic. Postpartum reduction in the weight of the uterus was accompanied by decreases in both the collagen content and the thickness of the longitudinal and circular smooth muscle layers. Furthermore, the phagocytic cells were shown to express MPO during postpartum involution of the uterus. 相似文献
14.
Takeshi OSAWA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2021,67(5):291
A certain level of endometrial bacterial infection and inflammation is involved in bovine uterine involution during the puerperal period. Factors that hamper normal uterine involution expose the uterine environment to pathological conditions, causing different endometritis levels. The lack of proper diagnostic tools extends the time to conception. Efforts have been made to elucidate the postpartum uterine environment, including bacterial flora, changes in transient endometrial inflammation, and the pathophysiology of endometritis, to improve bovine reproductive performance. E. coli and Trueperella pyogenes in the uterus are likely to cause persistent infection, and Mycoplasma bovigenitalium infection is associated with dystocia and cytological endometritis in postpartum dairy cows. Due to the widespread use of cytobrush as a diagnostic tool for bovine subclinical endometritis (SE) that enables quantification of the degree of inflammation, we found that endometritis at week 5 postpartum was associated with delayed first ovulation. Approximately 30% of open cows have SE during the postpartum period, and cows with low blood glucose during prepartum have a high risk of developing SE. Additionally, cows with purulent vaginal discharge do not always have endometritis but only vaginitis and/or cervicitis. Intrauterine infusion of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) improves fertility and promotes endometrial epithelial cell regeneration after inducing transient uterine inflammation, suggesting that PVP-I could be a good alternative to antibiotics. In conclusion, prepartum management to prevent glucose deficiency, prompt diagnosis to identify causative agents and intrauterine inflammation levels, and appropriate treatment to minimize antimicrobial resistance is beneficial for tackling endometritis and improving reproductive performance in bovine herds. 相似文献
15.
Experimental Bovine Genital Ureaplasmosis II. Granular Vulvitis, Endometritis and Salpingitis Following Uterine Inoculation 总被引：8，自引：6，他引：2 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Twenty-three virgin Holstein heifers received uterine inoculations with ureaplasma and were necropsied one to thirteen days later. Three heifers inoculated intracervically were necropsied on days 3, 5 and 11.
Granular vulvitis was produced on average by 3.6 days in fourteen of sixteen uterine inoculated heifers monitored for four or more days. Two cervically inoculated heifers monitored for over four days also developed granular vulvitis by the fourth day.
At necropsy, ureaplasma was recovered from 94% of uterine horn cultures for the first four days postinoculation and 50% during days 5 to 7. Thereafter all uterine cultures were negative. The percentage of positive ureaplasma recoveries from uterine tube flushings was lower than for uterine horns but remained positive for a longer period. By day 7, three of four uterine tube flushings were still positive. No bacterial pathogens were isolated from the uterine horns or uterine tube flushings.
On histopathology 50% of uterine inoculated heifers had endometritis up to six days postinoculation and a slightly higher percentage (58%) had salpingitis. Endometritis was not found in any heifers after day 6. Residual salpingitis was present in one heifer on day 7. Endometritis was present in cervically inoculated heifers necropsied on days 3 and 5 but not on day 11. Salpingitis was not found in any of the three cervically inoculated animals.
The study concluded that some strains of ureaplasma are pathogenic for the upper reproductive tract of the cow and should be considered significant when isolated from cases of granular vulvitis, endometritis or salpingitis.
相似文献16.
In horses, limited data is found regarding the vascular events during uterine involution at the puerperal period. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the morphological aspects (size of uterus and intrauterine fluid content) and the hemodynamics (endometrial and mesometrial vascular perfusion) of the uterus during its postpartum involution process. Ten mares were daily scanned by transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography from the first day postpartum (d1) to the 16th day after first postpartum ovulation (D0 = ovulation). The formerly gravid horn (GH) and formerly nongravid horn (NH) were individually evaluated. A reduction (P < .05) in the uterine diameter was observed during the first 7 days postpartum, and the rate of uterine involution decreased after this period. The involution was completed on d21 and d24 for the NH and GH, respectively. Presence of intrauterine fluid was present in large amounts between d1 and d2 postpartum, followed by a decrease (P < .05) between d4 and d7. No fluid was observed after d16 postpartum or after the third day postovulation (D3). During the early postpartum period, an increase (P < .05) in the endometrial and mesometrial vascularization was detected, respectively, between d1 and d4, and between d1 and d2. The vascular perfusion did not differ after d4 for endometrial tissue, whereas was reduced (P < .05) between d2 and d10 for mesometrium. After the first postpartum ovulation, an increase (P < .05) in vascular perfusion was observed from D0 to D5, followed by a decrease (P < .05) between D5 and D11 and an increase (P < .05) between D11 and D14. The novel vascular perfusion profile here described in the endometrium and mesometrium after ovulation is similar to the uterine vascular profile observed during estrous cycles and early pregnancy, indicating a fast return of the mare's uterus to cycling postpartum conditions. 相似文献
17.
Leukotriene B4 in cows with normal calving, and in cows with retained fetal membranes and/or uterine subinvolution. 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Two experiments were performed to study the relationship between leukotriene B4 (LTB4) synthesis and placental separation and uterine involution in the cow. In experiment I, the concentration and synthesis of LTB4 by caruncular tissue was lower in cows with retained fetal membranes (RFM cows, n = 11) than in cows that expelled the fetal membranes normally (NFM cows, n = 19). The presence of bacterial cell wall, especially of alpha-hemolytic streptococci and coagulase positive staphylococci enhanced LTB4 synthesis by allantochorion only in NFM cows. In the RFM group, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide decreased allantochorionic LTB4 synthesis. With caruncle, only epidermal growth factor increased LTB4 production in NFM cows. In experiment II, the caruncular and endometrial secretion of LTB4 was lower in cows with subuterine involution (SUI cows, n = 5) or cows with SUI and RFM (SUI+RFM cows, n = 4) than in cows with normal uterine involution (NUI cows, n = 8). This decrease was especially noticeable in the previously gravid horn. In the three uterine involution groups, there were no differences in LTB4 synthesis by caruncular tissue taken from the previously gravid horn. However, progesterone and a bacterial suspension of E. coli reduced the synthesis of LTB4. Estradiol had no effect on LTB4 synthesis at the end of the postpartum period. These results suggest that LTB4 may play an important role in both placental separation and uterine involution in cattle and LTB4 synthesis may be modulated by endocrine and bacterial factors. 相似文献
18.
Influence of Puerperal Uterine Infection on Uterine Involution and Postpartum Ovarian Activity in Dairy Cows 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
L Mateus L Lopes da Costa F Bernardo & J Robalo Silva 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2002,37(1):31-35
This article presents the results of a clinical trial designed to study the effect of puerperal uterine infection on uterine involution and on ovarian activity in dairy cows, monitored twice weekly from parturition until the sixth week postpartum (wpp). Infection significantly retarded uterine involution assessed by the uterine body diameter and a score of intrauterine fluid volume (IUFV). By the sixth wpp, cows with normal puerperium (controls) and cows that showed mild puerperal endometritis had similar uterine body diameter and IUFV, indicating spontaneous recovery within the postpartum voluntary waiting period. However, in cows with severe puerperal endometritis, although uterine body diameter had regressed to pregravid size, IUFV remained significantly higher than in control and mild endometritis cows, indicating that chronic endometritis was established. The IUFV score was positively and significantly correlated with uterine swab bacterial growth density and allowed diagnosis of endometritis after the third wpp. Cows with mild or severe endometritis had a significantly higher prevalence and persistence of pathogenic bacteria ( Escherichia coli , Actinomyces pyogenes , Gram-negative anaerobes – GNA) than controls. Actinomyces pyogenes was associated to GNA in 74% of isolations. Ovarian activity measured by ultrasound scanning of the ovaries and plasma progesterone (P4) concentrations was more abnormal (prolonged anoestrus, prolonged luteal phases and ovarian cysts) in cows with severe endometritis than in controls. 相似文献
19.
Lisa M. Ferretti DVM Susan M. Newell DVM MS John P. Graham MVB MSc Gregory D. Roberts DVM MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2000,41(3):287-291
The radiographic and ultrasonographic appearance of the normal involution process of the feline postpartum uterus has not been previously described. Six queens were examined to determine the normal radiographic and ultrasonographic appearance of the involuting postpartum uterus. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations were performed daily from days one through ten, then on days 12, 14, 18, 24, and 28 postpartum. Radiographically the mean total uterine thickness was 16.5 mm at day one postpartum. By day 14 the mean total uterine thickness was 10.5 mm and by day 24 postpartum the uterus was not radiographically visible. Ultrasonographically at day one postpartum the mean total uterine thickness was 16.6 mm and the mean uterine wall thickness was 2.7 mm. At day 14 postpartum the mean total uterine thickness was 6.2 mm and the mean wall thickness was 2.1 mm. At day 28 postpartum the uterus could still be identified ultrasonographically however individual wall layers were not discernable. 相似文献
20.
Three newly delivered dairy cows were given prostaglandin F2α during the immediate postpartum period. PGF2α was administered from day 3–13 post partum in doses of 25 mg twice daily. Endogenous release of PGF2α and progesterone was studied in blood plasma during the experimental period. Rectal examination of the uterus was performed every second day in order to establish the end of uterine involution. Uterine involution in the three cows was completed days 16, 23 and 20, respectively. These figures are to be compared with earlier investigations of uterine involution times, which show about 27 days. It was concluded that PGF2α had a positive effect on the uterine muscular tone.Key words: uterine involution, prostaglandin F2α, bovine 相似文献