共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
OBJECTIVES: To monitor the change in liver copper concentration of Thoroughbred foals from birth to 160 days of age and to determine the effects of supplementation by two injections of copper edetate given to dams in late gestation on the liver copper concentration of their foals at birth. PROCEDURE: Ten mares pregnant to the same stallion were randomised into two groups on the basis of age, liver copper concentration and expected foaling date. The treatment group mares were given 100 mg and 250 mg copper edetate intramuscularly during the ninth and tenth months of gestation respectively. Foals had liver biopsies taken weekly in the first month of life, then monthly for four months. Foals were euthanased at 160 days of age; liver samples were taken and the copper concentrations were determined. RESULTS: Two distinct patterns of age dependent decline in liver copper concentration were evident. The mean (+/- SD) liver copper concentration of the foals was high at birth (374 +/- 130 mg/kg DM), and for seven it declined to adult values by 160 days of age (21 +/- 6 mg/kg DM). In three foals the decline was at a slower rate than in the other seven and at 160 days of age the mean concentration was 162 +/- 32 mg/kg DM. Repeated measures analysis showed significant differences between each biopsy (P < 0.01) and between 'normal' and 'accumulator' foals (P < 0.002). Copper injections given to mares in late pregnancy had no effect on the liver copper concentration of foals at birth. CONCLUSIONS: The significance of the two patterns of age dependant decline in liver copper concentration is unknown. Parenteral copper supplementation of the dam in late gestation had no effect on the liver copper concentration of the foal at birth. 相似文献
2.
REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: To elucidate the highly contentious role of copper in the pathogenesis of osteochondrosis. HYPOTHESIS: There would be no relationship between liver copper concentration of mares and foals and incidence of radiographically detectable osteochondrotic lesions in foals and yearlings was tested. METHODS: Liver copper concentration was assessed in biopsies taken within 4 days after birth from both mares and foals and from the same foals at age 5 months. Biopsies were taken in the standing, sedated animal under ultrasonographic guidance. Radiographs were taken of both hocks (lateromedial, dorsoplantar and dorsomedial-plantarolateral oblique views) and stifles (lateromedial and caudolateral-craniomedial oblique views) at ages 5 and 11 months and scored for the presence and severity of osteochondrotic lesions. RESULTS: Copper concentrations in newborn foals were high with a large variation (351 +/- 201 mg/kg DM). They declined until reaching values comparable to those in mature animals at 5 months (20 +/- 8 mg/kg DM; mares: 19 +/- 20 mg/kg DM). Radiographic osteochondrotic lesions decreased in number and severity from 5 to 11 months. This pattern was more predominant in the stifle than in the hock, as has been described previously. CONCLUSIONS: There was no relationship between foal or mare liver copper concentration and osteochondrosis status at either 5 or 11 months. However, osteochondrotic lesions in foals with low-level copper status at birth decreased significantly less in number and severity than those in foals with high-level copper status at birth. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: It is concluded that copper is not likely to be an important factor in the aetiopathogenesis of osteochondrosis, but this study indicates that there may be a significant effect of high copper status on the natural process of repair of early lesions. 相似文献
3.
Shamir MH Rubin G Aizenberg Z Berkovich Z Reifen R Horowitz I Bdolah-Abram T Aroch I 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2012,43(2):207-213
Hypovitaminosis A (HA)-related skull malformations resulting in neurologic abnormalities and death have been, and still are, reported in captive lions (Panthera leo) worldwide. Liver vitamin A (VA) concentration is the most reliable indicator of animals' VA status, and its assessment is essential in prevention and treatment of HA in lions. A percutaneous needle liver biopsy using high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet retinoid analysis for VA concentration measurement was validated. It was first assessed in vitro using chicken liver. Later, the safety and feasibility of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle liver biopsy was assessed in living lions. Hepatic VA concentrations in lion liver were measured using the above laboratory method. Mean chicken hepatic VA concentration in needle biopsy (NB) and wedge biopsy (WB) of the same liver lobes were 108.66 and 60.89 microg/g wet tissue, respectively, and were significantly (P = 0.03) correlated (r = 0.74). The calculated linear regression for predicting VA concentration in WB using NB VA for chicken liver was 25.194 + 0.3234x NB (microg/g). Four ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle liver biopsies were obtained from each of the four lions under general anesthesia. Mean hepatic VA concentration was 8.25 microg/g wet tissue (range 1.43-25.29 microg/g). Mean serum VA concentration, measured in these four lions was 1,011.1 nmol/L with a standard deviation of 337.91 nmol/L (range 590.26-1,077.2 nmol/L). The lions recovered uneventfully, and no complications were observed during a 4-yr follow-up period. In conclusion, the percutaneous needle liver biopsy technique is a reliable, practical, safe tool for obtaining liver tissue samples antemortem for assessment of the VA status in lions and can be used in future studies. 相似文献
4.
T Higuchi S Ichijo S Osame H Ohishi 《Nippon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science》1989,51(1):52-59
In order to clarify the cause of white muscle disease (W.M.D.) in foals, tocopherol and selenium concentrations in serum and glutathione peroxidase activities in blood were measured. Examination was made on the samples from horses affected with W.M.D., the foal kept with them in the same stable, the foals kept in the stables without affected foals, and respective mares. The heavy-breed horses in Fukuoka prefecture and Tokachi district were also examined for comparison. Serum tocopherol levels of these foals were normal because after intake of colostrum. Mares of affected foals showed lower tocopherol levels than other examined mares (p less than 0.01). Serum selenium levels of all foals were below 65 ppb, showing deficient levels. The mares of affected foals had lower selenium levels than other mares (p less than 0.01). There was a good correlation between serum selenium concentration and blood glutathione peroxidase activity (r = 0.81). Selenium levels in the liver of affected foals were lower than the foals which succumbed with other diseases. Diet supplied in the stables with affected foals showed low alpha-tocopherol and selenium contents. These findings suggest that W.M.D. in foals is attributed to nutritional muscular dystrophy caused by tocopherol and selenium deficiency of their mares in late gestation period. 相似文献
5.
Chaffin MK Cohen ND Martens RJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,222(4):467-475
OBJECTIVE: To identify farm characteristics as risk factors for the development of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals. DESIGN: Prospective matched case-control study. ANIMALS: 2,764 foals on 64 equine breeding farms with 9,991 horses. PROCEDURE: During 1997, participating veterinarians completed paired data collection forms, 1 for a farm with > or = 1 foal with R equi pneumonia and 1 for an unaffected control farm. Matched data were compared by use of conditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Farm characteristics found in bivariate analyses to be associated with increased risk for pneumonia caused by R equi in foals included > 200 farm acres, > or = 60 acres used in the husbandry of horses, > 160 horses, > or = 10 mares housed permanently on the farm (resident mares), > 17 foals, > 0.25 foals/acre, and the presence of transient mares (mares brought temporarily to the farm for breeding or foaling) and their foals. Affected farms were significantly more likely to be > 200 acres in size and have > or = 10 resident dam-foal pairs, whereas control farms were significantly more likely to have > or = 75% of their dam-foal pairs housed permanently on the farm. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Breeding farms with large acreage, a large number of mares and foals, high foal density, and a population of transient mares and foals are at high risk for foals developing pneumonia caused by R equi. 相似文献
6.
Assessment of copper and zinc status of farm horses and training thoroughbreds in south-east Queensland 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The copper and zinc concentrations in the blood of stabled thoroughbred horses and in Australian Stock Horses mares at pasture, either late pregnant or lactating were determined by an atomic absorption spectroscopic method. The plasma concentration of the trace elements in these apparently normal horses were generally below the "normal" range. The plasma copper, caeruloplasmin copper, whole blood copper and plasma zinc concentrations in the stabled thoroughbreds were 0.76 +/- 0.19 micrograms/ml (n = 82), 0.56 +/- 0.14 micrograms/ml (n = 83), 0.75 +/- 0.18 micrograms/ml (n = 82) and 0.47 +/- 0.09 micrograms/ml (n = 83) respectively. The plasma copper and zinc concentrations of all the brood mares at pasture (pregnant and lactating) were 0.56 +/- 0.20 micrograms/ml and 0.47 +/- 0.11 micrograms/ml (n = 30). The plasma copper concentration of the pregnant group of mares (0.64 +/- 0.18 micrograms/ml; (n = 14) was greater than that of the lactating mares (0.49 +/- 0.21; (n = 16). Variation in the plasma copper concentration was also identified between stabled and farm horses, between horses of different stables and between horses of different ages. The proportion of plasma copper bound to caeruloplasmin was 73 +/- 11.8%. These low concentrations of copper and zinc in the plasma of apparently normal horses are of clinical significance since recent evidence has indicated that copper deficiency appears to promote the development of skeletal abnormalities in foals. An alternative to the use of a single plasma sample to identify the copper or zinc deficient horse was discussed. 相似文献
7.
Objective— To report fertility (foals conceived, live foal births) of mares after partial fetotomy to resolve dystocia and complications associated with fetotomy.
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Horses (n=20).
Methods— Medical records (2001–2006) of mares that had partial fetotomy (1–3 cuts) for dystocia were reviewed. Complications and subsequent fertility were obtained by interview and live foal data were recorded by the Jockey Club. Postfetotomy conception and live foals produced over 21 breeding seasons (defined as years each mare was bred regardless of conception) were recorded.
Results— Twenty mares were identified. Bilateral carpal flexion alone (3 mares) or in combination with another deformity (7 mares) was the most common presentation for dystocia. From 2001 to 2006, there were 24 breeding seasons for which 20 mares conceived (83%). Eighteen mares conceived before 2006 and all produced live foals. Three mares were bred in 2006; 2 became pregnant, 1 was electively aborted, and 1 is pregnant. Eight of 19 (42%) mares had retained placenta, which were expelled within 24 hours after medical therapy.
Conclusion— Partial fetotomy performed with 1–3 cuts does not impede a successful reproductive future.
Clinical Relevance— In selected equine dystocia cases, partial fetotomy should be given primary consideration when the foal is dead and vaginal delivery cannot be readily achieved. Fetotomy should not adversely affect the future fertility of the mare. 相似文献
Study Design— Retrospective study.
Animals— Horses (n=20).
Methods— Medical records (2001–2006) of mares that had partial fetotomy (1–3 cuts) for dystocia were reviewed. Complications and subsequent fertility were obtained by interview and live foal data were recorded by the Jockey Club. Postfetotomy conception and live foals produced over 21 breeding seasons (defined as years each mare was bred regardless of conception) were recorded.
Results— Twenty mares were identified. Bilateral carpal flexion alone (3 mares) or in combination with another deformity (7 mares) was the most common presentation for dystocia. From 2001 to 2006, there were 24 breeding seasons for which 20 mares conceived (83%). Eighteen mares conceived before 2006 and all produced live foals. Three mares were bred in 2006; 2 became pregnant, 1 was electively aborted, and 1 is pregnant. Eight of 19 (42%) mares had retained placenta, which were expelled within 24 hours after medical therapy.
Conclusion— Partial fetotomy performed with 1–3 cuts does not impede a successful reproductive future.
Clinical Relevance— In selected equine dystocia cases, partial fetotomy should be given primary consideration when the foal is dead and vaginal delivery cannot be readily achieved. Fetotomy should not adversely affect the future fertility of the mare. 相似文献
8.
试验旨在探究断奶前马驹和母马粪便菌群多样性,为丰富此阶段马驹肠道菌群多样性提供依据。选取5匹5岁（2胎）、平均体重（453.34±54.23）kg、健康的纯血马母马,以及母马所生的5匹马驹,出生日期相近（±5 d）,平均体重（185.65±9.54）kg,3公2母。母马和马驹在相同环境下饲养,母马日粮组成及营养水平相同,马驹除哺乳外采食的粗饲料和精料补充料相同。马驹6月龄断奶,在断奶前1周用灭菌收粪袋采集母马和马驹的粪便样品。结果显示,母马粪便中菌群α多样性Chao1和ACE指数显著高于马驹（P < 0.05）,分别比马驹高18.94%和15.62%;母马与马驹共有的菌种数为1 399个,母马与马驹特有的菌种数分别为150和68个;在门水平,母马与马驹粪便中排在前十的菌分别是厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、广古菌门、疣微菌门、螺旋体菌门、Unidentified_Bacteria、纤维杆菌门和无壁菌门,母马粪便中厚壁菌门丰度显著高于马驹（P < 0.05）;拟杆菌门母马比马驹高33.93%,差异不显著（P > 0.05）。由此可见,母马粪便菌群多样性显著高于断奶前马驹;母马与断奶前马驹粪便主要菌是厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门,母马粪便中厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门丰度均高于断奶前马驹。 相似文献
9.
Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is a major cause of respiratory disease and abortion in horses worldwide. Although some vaccines have been shown experimentally to reduce disease, there are few reports of the responses to vaccination in the field. This study measured antibody responses to vaccination of 159 mares (aged 4-17 years) and 101 foals (aged 3-6 months) on a large stud farm with a killed whole virus EHV-1/4 vaccine used as per the manufacturer's recommendations. Using an EHV glycoprotein D (gD)-specific ELISA and a type-specific glycoprotein G (gG) ELISA, respectively 13.8 and 28.9% of mares, and 42.6 and 46.6% of foals were classed as responding to vaccination. Additionally, 16.4 and 17.6% of mares were classified as persistently seropositive mares. Using both assays, responder mares and foals had lower week 0 mean ELISA absorbances than non-responder mares and foals. Responder mares were ten times more likely to have responder foals, and non-responder mares were six times more likely to have non-responder foals than other mares using the gG ELISA. Mares aged 7 years or less and foals aged 4 months or more were more likely to respond to vaccination than animals in other age groups. There was no association between response of mares and the number of previous vaccinations received and persistently seropositive mares did not respond to vaccination. This study documents the responses of mares and foals to vaccination in a large scale commercial environment in 2000, and suggests that knowledge of antibody status may allow a more selective vaccination strategy, representing considerable savings to industry. 相似文献
10.
J R Gilkerson J M Whalley H E Drummer M J Studdert D N Love 《Veterinary microbiology》1999,68(1-2):27-34
The prevalence of EHV-1 and EHV-4 antibody-positive horses was determined using a type specific ELISA on serum samples collected from 229 mares and their foals resident on a large Thoroughbred stud farm in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales in February 1995. More than 99% of all mares and foals tested were EHV-4 antibody positive, while the prevalence of EHV-1 antibody positive mares and foals were 26.2 and 11.4%, respectively. Examination of the ELISA absorbance data for the individual mares and foals suggested that the EHV-1 antibody positive foals had been infected recently with EHV-1 and that a sub-group of the mare population was the likely source of infectious virus for the unweaned foals. 相似文献
11.
A survey was performed to evaluate the reproductive performance of Thoroughbred mares, estimate risks of dystocia and of morbidity and mortality in foals during the first year post partum and their physical acceptability at age one year. The study population consisted of registered Thoroughbred mares and their foals owned by residents of 4 Western Canadian provinces. Owners were identified using information obtained from the North American Jockey Club, and questionnaires were mailed regarding mares bred in 1988 and their foals born in 1989. Eighty-three per cent of mares were reported to be pregnant at some stage following breeding, and 80% of pregnant mares subsequently gave birth to live foals. Estimates of morbidity and mortality were greater than previously reported, 25% of foals had health problems and 5% died during the first 2 weeks postpartum. Twenty-seven per cent of foals surviving 2 weeks were reportedly affected by some health problem between age 15 days and one year, and 6% died during this period. The case fatality rates of horses with upper respiratory tract infections and diarrhoea were much lower than case fatality rates for infectious diseases occurring less frequently. The rate of death or euthanasia among horses with musculoskeletal problems was relatively high after age 2 weeks. Foals with health problems up to age 2 weeks, or between age 15 days and one year were 5 to 7 times more likely to be classified as physically unacceptable for athletic use. Angular limb deformity was the health problem most commonly reported in foals receiving unacceptable physical assessments, and assessments of longterm athletic potential were apparently not affected by the occurrence of infectious diseases. 相似文献
12.
Sheoran AS Timoney JF Holmes MA Karzenski SS Crisman MV 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(9):1099-1105
OBJECTIVE: To determine concentrations of IgA and IgG subclasses in serum, colostrum, milk, and nasal wash samples of adult horses and foals. ANIMALS: Seven 2-year-old Welsh ponies, 27 adult mixed-breed horses, and 5 Quarter Horse mares and their foals. PROCEDURE: Serum was obtained from ponies and adult horses. Colostrum and milk were obtained from mares and serum and nasal wash samples from their foals immediately after parturition and on days 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 63. Nasal wash samples were also obtained from 23 adult horses. Concentrations of immunoglobulins were determined by use of inhibition ELISA. To determine transfer of maternal isotypes to foals, concentrations in colostrum and milk were compared with those in foal serum. Serum half-lives of isotypes in foals were also determined. RESULTS: IgGb was the most abundant isotype in serum and colostrum from adult horses, whereas IgA was the predominant isotype in milk. The major isotype in nasal secretions of adult horses and foals > or = 28 days old was IgA, but IgGa and IgGb were the major isotypes in nasal secretions of foals < or = 14 days old. Serum half lives of IgGa, IgGb, IgG(T), and IgA in foals were 176, 32, 21, and 3.4 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The early immunoglobulin repertoire of neonatal foals comprised IgGa, IgG(T), and IgA; endogenous synthesis of IgGb could not be detected until 63 days after birth. The restricted repertoire of immunoglobulins in foals may influence humoral immune responses to vaccination. 相似文献
13.
A. Maaskant C. M. De Bruijn A. H. Schutrups T. A. E. Stout 《Equine Veterinary Education》2010,22(4):190-195
Friesian horses appear to suffer a relatively high incidence of dystocia but there are, to the authors' knowledge, no published reports on the incidence or types of dystocia in Friesian horses. A retrospective survey of clinical details and post treatment recovery was performed for 66 mares referred to Wolvega Equine Hospital for dystocia during 2001–2006. Friesian mares appear to be particularly prone to dystocia due to fetal ankylosis or transverse presentation. However, despite dystocia of relatively long duration prior to caesarean section, post operative survival and fertility of mares and, more surprisingly, survival of foals were similar to those reported in surveys for other breeds. 相似文献
14.
J.G. Martens K.A. Stephens L.J. Kerchner F.C. Heck R.J. Martens 《Research in veterinary science》1991,50(3):1047-314
Plasma fibronectin concentrations were measured in clinically healthy mares and their neonatal foals, using a modified human fibronectin competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ranges of plasma fibronectin were established in clinically healthy horses, and the assay was reliable and reproducible. Plasma fibronectin concentrations were similar in mares and foals, both before and after colostrum ingestion. 相似文献
15.
Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are the main divalent cations in the body. The free ionized fraction is the physiologically active form of both Mg and Ca. As ion-selective-electrode (ISE) analyzers are becoming widely used in veterinary practice it will be useful to establish reference intervals for horses. In the present study, reference intervals were established for ionized, total and the ratio of the ionized to total Mg and Ca concentrations in four horse groups: adults, neonatal foals, and pregnant and lactating mares, as well as in three sample types, whole blood, plasma and serum, using an ISE-analyzer. Sample pH effect was assessed.Concentration differences in both total and ionized cations were recorded for some measures between horse groups and different sample types. The most significant differences were recorded between neonatal foals and other groups. These results demonstrate the need to use specific reference intervals for horses of different physiologic status and in specific sample types. 相似文献
16.
Antonello AM Pivoto FL Camillo G Braunig P Sangioni LA Pompermayer E Vogel FS 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(3-4):367-370
Neospora spp. is a intracellular protozoan phylogenetically closely related to Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis neurona, and it can infect horses leading to the development of reproductive or neurological diseases. We determined the presence of antibodies to Neospora sp. in mares at their parturition time and determine the frequency of vertical transmission in healthy foals to verify the importance of transplacental transmission. The samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test, showing that seroprevalence in mares is higher than in foals and seropositive mares are likely to transmit the neosporosis to their offspring. This shows that endogenous challenge occurs in horses, and it suggests that this protozoan can be disseminated by means of transplacental transmission in horse species. 相似文献
17.
Felipe Lamberti Pivoto Arlindo Gomes de Macêdo Junior Murilo Vieira da Silva Flávia Batista Ferreira Deise Aparecida Oliveira Silva Endrigo Pompermayer Luis Antônio Sangioni Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel 《Veterinary parasitology》2014,199(1-2):107-111
Protozoa from the family Sarcocystidae are agents of reproductive and neurological disorders in horses. The transmission of these protozoa may occur via horizontal or vertical means, and the frequency and potential of the later is not fully elucidated in horses. Thus, the aim of study was to correlation levels of antibodies in mares with pre colostral foals seropositive and assess the level and distribuition of antibodies against Neospora spp., Sarcocystis neurona and Toxoplasma gondii, in mares and pre colostral foals at the parturition. The blood samples were collected from mares immediately after parturition and from newborns before the ingestion of colostrum, and sera were analyzed for the presence of IgG by ELISA. It was found that 21.5%, 33.7% and 27.6% of mares were seropositive for Neospora spp., S. neurona and T. gondii, respectively; foals had antibodies at a rate of 8.3%, 6.6% and 6.6% for Neospora spp., S. neurona and T. gondii, respectively. Additionally, paired samples from mares and pre-colostral foals revealed an overall negative correlation between the serum reactivity against these three parasites and suggested that seronegative mares, or those with low to intermediate antibody levels, have a higher risk of giving birth to seropositive foals. 相似文献
18.
Dewes HF 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1989,37(2):69-73
Episodes of frenzy lasting approximately 30 minutes were observed among horses confined to enclosures surfaced with sand or soil. The probability of sighting these episodes increased by a factor of three when within 24 hours there was 0.2mm or more of rain, a maximum air temperature between 16.7 - 26.6 degrees C and a soil temperature of 16.3 - 23.9 degrees C at 30 cm. High egg counts of Strongyloides westeri appeared in faeces four to five days later and persisted for several days. Rhodococcus equi was recovered from all soil samples, and from the faeces of 76% of mares and 82% of foals. The youngest foal was five days old when the organism was isolated from rectal faeces. In contrast to the majority of reports, the lesions of R. equi in the foals were confined to limbs and peripheral lymph nodes. It is proposed that the percutaneous invasion of these foals by third stage larvae of S. westeri facilitated invasion of R. equi, and ubiquitous saprophytic opportunist pathogen. 相似文献
19.
Detailed movement evaluations of warmblood foals and mares were performed in connection with regular breeding events of the Oldenburg horse breeding societies in 2009 and 2010. Unfavourable movement characteristics considered indicative for impaired balance were noted by a special judge (SJ) and the regular judges of the breeding events (RJ) and served as the basis for definition of new movement traits. Detailed movement information on 3374 foals and 2844 mares showed that more severe findings like irregular motion pattern in hind legs or irregularity in general motion pattern occurred only sporadically (prevalences of 1-2%). Irregular tail tone or posture was documented for 4% of the foals and 5% of the mares, resulting in prevalences of the comprehensive trait indications of imbalance (IMB) of 6.2% (foals) and 5.5% (mares). Binary coding was used for all traits, and genetic parameters were estimated bivariately in linear animal models with residual maximum likelihood. Comparative analyses between judges revealed that differences between trait definitions of SJ and RJ were larger in the mares than in the foals, but justified combined use of SJ and RJ information in both age groups. Heritability estimates for the movement traits ranged on the original scale from 0.02 to 0.26 in the foals and from 0.03 to 0.12 in the mares, with heritabilities for IMB on the underlying liability scale of 0.46 (foals) and 0.22 (mares). Comparative analyses between age groups indicated that common genetic factors may be responsible for findings of impaired balance in foals and mares. The results implied that horse breeding may benefit from using the early available information on the movement of foals obtained by detailed movement evaluations, although favourable combination of foal and mare data in future genetic evaluations may require refined recording of unfavourable movement characteristics in the adult horses. 相似文献
20.
Breuer J Schmoll F Uhlig A Schusser GF 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(7-8):337-342
Equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE) caused by Lawsonia (L.) intracellularis is an emerging disease in foals, particularly in North America. Since a case report in Germany exists, the objective of this study was to examine the incidence of L. intracellularis-antibodies in healthy horses from two German breeding farms. In group 1, serum samples from 24 (year 1) and 16 (year 2) Haflinger mares and their foals were taken. In group 2, over a period of five months, serum samples of six warmblood mares and foals were collected monthly from birth until the foals became seronegative. Serum samples were tested using an ELISA system. Results are expressed as Percentage of Inhibiton (PI). All adult mares (100%) of both groups were seropositive at each point in time (PI-value > 30). In group 1,7/24 foals (29.2%) in year 1 and 4/16 foals (25%) in year 2 had antibodies.The seropositive foals from year 2 had the same dams as the seropositive foals from year 1. In group 2 five of six foals were seropositive after birth. Antibodies decreased from March to July in mares and foals. In July, all five foals tested negative for the first time between the ages of 82 and 141 days (median 115 days). PI-values of mares were significantly correlated with PI-values of their foals. Higher PI-values were seen in younger foals and early in spring. Loss of antibodies in foals at the age of three to five months could be a risk factor for infection and appearance of EPE. 相似文献