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1.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, intensive renovation of vineyards took place due to the losses caused by phylloxera and local varieties were mostly replaced by several worldwide cultivars. Shift in genotypic structure in favor of modern cultivars resulted in the decrease or even disappearance of regionally typical local varieties. A total of sixty five Turkish grape genotypes, including 5 references (four cultivars and one rootstock), were genotyped with 16 SSR and 15 SRAP markers. Sixteen SSR primers generated a total of 60 SSR amplicons in which 43 were polymorphic with 73.4% average polymorphism percentage. A total of 111 well-resolved clear DNA bands were obtained from 15 SRAP primers. Of these bands, 53 were highly polymorphic with an average of 47.74%. Cluster analysis based on pooled marker data generated a well resolved grouping pattern. The analyzed genotypes grouped basing on their geographical belongings. There were many cultivar pairs on the dendrogram most of which occurred between 0.75 and 0.90 levels. SSR and SRAP data revealed a wide genetic variability as well as certain synonyms among the historical grape varieties cultivated for decades in local vineyards lengthwise the mountainous regions of Konya, Karaman and Mersin provinces. All the genotypes have been maintained in a grapevine germplasm glasshouse. Preservation and use of these endangered genotypes will be helpful to avoid genetic erosion and diversity loss in this part of Turkey. Also, the molecular data generated in this study could be of great use in determining the optimal breeding strategies to allow continued progress in grapevine breeding. 相似文献
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利用SSR研究不同国家桃育成品种的遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
利用34对SSR分子标记对来自不同国家的56份桃育成品种进行遗传多样性分析。筛选的13对SSR引物共检测出226个等位基因,其中多态性等位基因为222个。桃群体的平均Nei’s基因多样度为0.224,Shannon遗传多样性表型指数为0.367,说明桃总群体遗传变异较低;基因分化系数为0.081,与AMOVA分析结果8.13%相近,说明2者遗传变异以群体内遗传变异为主;基因流值为5.657,则说明不同国家间桃育成品种交流比较频繁。根据Nei’s基因多样度和Shannon遗传多样性表型指数2指标所得,欧美品种群遗传变异最高,其次为中国,最后为日本。UP-GMA聚类分析结果表明,品种间的遗传距离与系谱关系基本吻合。 相似文献
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Yaroslav Ivanovych Roman Volkov 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2018,93(1):64-72
Microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to characterise 23 sweet cherry cultivars of Ukrainian, and four cultivars of non-Ukrainian, origin. To assess their genetic diversity and relatedness, 11 pairs of primers were applied to microsatellite loci, resulting in amplification of 66 SSR alleles. The mean value of the number of different alleles, and the polymorphic index content, amount to 7.333 and 0.700, respectively, demonstrating a significant genetic diversity of the investigated sweet cherry cultivars. Four highly polymorphic SSR loci (EMPAS02, EMPAS06, PceGA34, UDP98-412), which belong to the list recommended by the European Cooperative Program for Plant Genetic Resources, can be used as a minimum genetic marker set for identification of the majority of the studied cultivars; however, for successful discrimination of the most similar cultivars, more markers, located on all chromosomes of sweet cherry, appear to be necessary. Application of unweighted variable-group method using averages clustering allowed elucidation of the relatedness among the sweet cherry varieties, and showed that the Ukrainian cultivars combine genetic material of local, western European, and probably Caucasian origin; however, the origin of several cultivars still remains unclear, and should be studied additionally. 相似文献
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海南椰子栽培品种的SSR标记分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用简单重复序列（SSR）标记方法,对海南的11个椰子栽培品种进行了遗传多样性分析。选取30对引物用于PCR扩增,有23对引物扩增出有效多态性片段136条,平均多态性百分率为95.77%,每对引物扩增出的带数2~12条不等,平均为6.17条,每个SSR位点的多态信息量（PIC）变化于0.173~0.896之间,平均为0.561。11份材料之间遗传相似系数变化范围0.061~0.861,说明海南椰子栽培品种之间存在丰富的遗传多样性。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,11个椰子栽培品种分为四个类群和两个亚群。SSR标记反映出的品种间亲缘关系与形态学研究的分类结果并不完全吻合。 相似文献
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二倍体马铃薯基因组相对简单,借助二倍体进行育种可以加速马铃薯的育种进程,因此评价二倍体马铃薯种质的遗传多样性,挖掘和有效利用优良性状显得非常必要。为了筛选多态性的SSR标记,用55对SSR引物扩增39个遗传关系相对较远的二倍体马铃薯材料。选取分布在12条染色体上的12个具有高多态性的SSR标记评价192份二倍体马铃薯栽培品种的遗传多样性,共检测到98个等位位点,其中97个为多态性位点;每对SSR引物扩增出的等位位点为6~18个,平均8.2个。用非加权配对算术平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类,显示出所有供试材料的遗传关系:12对SSR引物可以将192份材料中的186份区分开;这192份材料被划分为11个组群,其中第一个组群包含了83.3%的材料。 相似文献
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云南蔷薇属部分种质资源的SSR遗传多样性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用简单重复序列SSR（Simple Sequence Repeat）标记技术对42份蔷薇属（Rosa L.）种质资源（包括13份野生种、变种、变型及29份栽培品种）的遗传多样性进行了研究。用筛选出的18对SSR引物对42份材料DNA进行PCR扩增,在18个位点共检测到148个等位基因,每一位点的等位基因变幅为6~14个,平均8.2个。材料间遗传相似系数变化范围为0.282~0.892,表明在分子水平上云南省蔷薇属植物具有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究发现,在相似系数为0.456时,基于SSR标记的聚类分析可以将 13个蔷薇野生种明显分为5个组,这与植物形态学分类结果大体一致。在遗传相似系数为0.43水平上,聚类分析将42份供试材料分为5大组群;同时初步探讨了野生种之间以及野生种与栽培品种之间的遗传亲缘关系。 相似文献
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基于SSR标记的板栗地方品种遗传多样性与关联分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用SSR标记对山东等10个省份95个板栗地方品种的遗传多样性、群体结构进行分析,并进行板栗18个农艺性状与SSR标记关联分析。结果表明：（1）17对SSR引物在95个板栗品种中检测出44个等位位点,平均为2.6个,Shannon’s指数（I）和多态性信息含量（PIC）平均值分别为0.67和0.352,遗传多样性较为丰富;（2）山东群体和江苏群体的多态性位点比率（P）最高,均达到94.12%,观察等位基因数（Na）分别为2.53和2.18,亦高于其他群体;（3）根据Evanno等统计模型,92个板栗品种被划分为3个亚群,分别包含25、40和27个品种,且均有着复杂的地理起源,另有3个品种没有明确的类群归属;（4）利用GLM和MLM模型进行关联分析,并经过假阳性检验,发现叶柄长度和淀粉含量分别与标记CsCAT 5和CsCAT 22显著关联,关联系数分别为0.4027和0.1869。 相似文献
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香蕉A基因组品种间遗传关系的SSR检测 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
应用SSR技术,对32个香蕉A基因组类型品种(系)的遗传关系进行了检测。40对SSR引物在32个品种(系)中分别扩增带数在3～15个,平均每个SSR座位可检测2.99个多态性带;引物的多态信息量(PIC)在0.00～0.88,平均0.62。依据SSR数据计算的品种间遗传距离在0.00%～34.27%,平均12.45%,大多数品种间的遗传变异非常有限,但也存在着遗传差异突出的品种:FHIA25、Yangambi KM5、Pisang Jari Buaya、Rose和皇帝蕉。依据26%的遗传距离,除了FHIA25和Pisang Jari Buaya单独化成1组外,其它30个品种可以分为2组:品种间遗传差异相对较高的组I和品种间遗传差异相对较低的组Ⅱ。Williams与引进的洪都拉斯3号、M931之间,洪都拉斯1号和洪都拉斯2号之间,高脚青芽蕉和高脚顿地雷分别没有区分开来,这可能是同物异名,也可能是同一品种未能分辨的突变体。 相似文献
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建兰38个品种的RAPD分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用RAPD标记对建兰38个品种的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析。用筛选的18个10 bp随机引物对其DNA进行PCR扩增,共扩增出116个位点,其中多态位点103个,多态位点比率占88.79%,表明建兰38个品种具有丰富的遗传多样性。38个品种间的遗传距离为0.0420~0.5385(均值0.2902)。基于RAPD标记的建兰38个品种的UPGMA聚类结果支持将建兰分为彩心和素心两个变种,以及素心多由彩心变异而来的传统分类观点。研究发现：引物S153-650 bp位点是'闽西鱼魫'、 '鱼魫大贡'、 '鱼魫'和'银边鱼魫'的特异标记,引物S38-1 200 bp位点是'十六罗汉'和'鱼魫'的特异标记,引物S38-800 bp位点缺失是'马耳四季'的特异标记。 相似文献
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为探明湖南省草莓灰霉病菌群体遗传结构、分化及变异规律,采用荧光标记技术对湖南省9个地理菌群的180株草莓灰霉病菌基因组DNA进行SSR分析。结果表明:9对SSR引物共检测到56个观察等位基因(Na),平均值为6.22;有效等位基因(Ne)为1.27~4.89,平均值为3.44;不同位点的基因多样性指数(H)为0.21~0.80,平均值为0.65;不同位点Shannon’s信息指数(I)为0.37~1.83,平均值为1.34。供试180株样品9个SSR多态性位点上多态性信息量PIC变化范围为0.13~0.91,不同位点PIC差异大,这一规律与I和H基本一致。不同SSR位点总的遗传多样性(Ht)为0.21~0.77,平均值为0.65;群内遗传多样性(Hs)为0.19~0.50,平均值为0.40;遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.10~0.46,平均值为0.37;基因流(Nm)为0.58~4.47,平均值为1.16。不同地理菌群平均观察等位基因(Na)、有效等位基因数目(Ne)分别为2.93和2.07,Shannon’s信息指数(I)平均为0.67,基因多样性指数(H)平均为0.40,平均多态性位点数(NP)、多态位点百分率(P)分别为6.78和75%。依据不同地理菌群之间的遗传距离(0.2797~1.9225),将供试湖南省9个地理菌群分为4大类:第Ⅰ大类主要由长沙、邵阳、岳阳、衡阳、张家界、湘潭种群组成;第Ⅱ大类主要由郴州种群组成;第Ⅲ大类主要由株洲种群组成;第Ⅳ大类由常德种群组成。总之,湖南省各地草莓灰霉病菌群体遗传多样性丰富,但地理群体间差异小,病菌遗传变异主要来自群体内部,不同地区间存在病菌的移动。 相似文献
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利用苹果SSR引物分析山楂属植物遗传关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
SSR引物在不同物种间具有通用性,从141对苹果属(Malus spp.)SSR引物中筛选出10对适合于山楂属(Crataegus spp.)植物的SSR引物,并对8个种37份山楂种质资源的遗传关系进行了分析。10对SSR引物共检测到91个多态性谱带,每个位点的等位基因数为3～13个,平均为9.1个。位点杂合度为0.432～0.790,平均为0.688。10对SSR引物可以将20份山楂资源区分开,17份不能区分的资源分为3组,第1组为3个伏山楂品种,第2组和第3组分别包括大果山楂的2个和12个品种。基于SSR标记构建的聚类树状图将供试37份山楂资源分成2个类群,第1类群包括6个山楂野生种,第2类群包括供试的所有伏山楂、山楂和大果山楂资源。该聚类结果与传统形态学分类一致。 相似文献
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砧用南瓜种质资源形态学性状与SSR标记分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
搜集了设施黄瓜嫁接栽培中常用的47 份砧用南瓜种质资源,利用63 个形态标记和40 对南瓜SSR 标记,对其进行遗传多样性及亲缘关系鉴定。结果表明,砧用南瓜的8 个质量性状（嫩瓜皮色、瓜形、主蔓色、瓜面斑纹、叶面白斑、叶形、嫩瓜斑纹和嫩瓜斑纹色）和23 个数量性状的多样性指数大于1.00;SSR 标记共检测到167 个等位变异,平均每个SSR 位点的等位基因数为4.18 个,变幅2 ~ 8 个,平均多样性指数为0.62,变化范围0.16 ~ 1.18。非加权算术平均法（UPGMA）聚类分析表明,砧用南瓜63 个形态学性状将47 份种质划分为4 个类群,大部分品种集中于一个类群中;40 对多态性SSR 标记将所有种质划分为3 个类群,大部分品种的分子标记与形态学标记的聚类结果相似。已搜集的47 份砧用南瓜种质资源遗传多样性并不丰富,亲缘关系较近;SSR 标记CMTm11 具有极高的多态性,可用于砧用南瓜种质分子标记辅助选择;嫩瓜皮色等8 个质量性状和大部分数量性状都可以作为形态标记辅助种质资源评价及新品种选育。 相似文献
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Vittorio Alba Cinzia Montemurro Wilma Sabetta Antonella Pasqualone Antonio Blanco 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,123(1):11-16
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an important fruit species in Italy and Mediterranean basin constituted by a wide germplasm with a large number of cultivars present in all the Mediterranean area. SSRs are becoming the markers of choice for variability studies in olives as they are simple to perform, transferable, hypervariable, highly polymorphic and show a high information content.Olive genetic diversity was studied using 16 SSR markers on 30 cultivars diffused in Southern-Italy. Resolving Power (RP) and Power of Discrimination (PD) were calculated to evaluate the efficiency of the SSR markers investigated in studies of cultivars fingerprinting. Based on their high efficiency, two SSR markers, UDO43 and DCA16 were chosen to set up an identification key to distinguish the entire set of cultivars, confirming the high biodiversity of the Southern-Italian olive germplasm and the suitability of SSR markers in studies of cultivar diagnosis. 相似文献
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Genetic and chloroplast haplotype variations of 35 Iranian genotypes and 10 European grape cultivars were investigated using 9 nuclear simple sequence repeats (nSSRs), 4 chloroplast simple sequence repeats (cpSSRs) and 46 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. In total, 83 alleles were detected at nine nSSRs, giving a mean of 15.66 alleles per locus and polymorphism information content (PIC) values ≥0.75 ranged from 0.75 to 0.90. For SNP markers, PIC values varied from 0.30 to 0.39 with an average of 0.34. Analysis of molecular variance revealed 97 and 93% of partitioned genetic diversity within populations using nSSRs and SNPs markers, respectively. Un-weighted neighbour-joining (NJ) cluster analysis grouped grapes into 10 and 9 major clusters using SSR and SNP markers, respectively. Synonyms and homonyms were identified among the Iranian genotypes. Close genetic relationship among Farkhi and Bidane-Sefid genotypes may probably propose a common ancestor and mutational evolution. Most European cultivars were differentiated from Iranian genotypes, however, clustering of some Iranian genotypes with European cultivars in the same clusters suggests that clonally propagated materials have probably been exchanged from the Middle East to West or vice versa. C and D chloroplast haplotypes were the most frequent within the Iranian genotypes, while A chloroplast haplotype was exclusively observed among European cultivars. 相似文献
17.
In order to study the extensively genetic diversities of more than 700 cultivars of Chinese jujube, it is necessary to utilize various informative DNA markers. SSR markers are highly polymorphic, co-dominant, locus-specific markers widely used in genetic studies, but less used in Chinese jujube because of no specific primers available. In this study, we used the approach of selectively amplified microsatellite (SAM) to develop SSR markers for Chinese jujube and its related species. Three cultivars (Dongzao, Dalilongzao and Jinsixiaozao) were selected to perform the approach of SAM with CT repeats. There were totally 25 primers obtained, of which we selected 16 primers available to detect the polymorphism in populations of 24 Chinese jujube cultivars, two wild jujube varieties and two Indian jujube cultivars. Based on these primers, genetic relationships of the 28 samples were constructed in a dendrogram according to the UPGMA cluster analysis. The samples were clustered into three main groups, including Chinese jujube, wild jujube and Indian jujube as expected. The 16 sequence-specific SSR primers could efficiently distinguish all the 24 cultivars of Chinese jujube, except for two cultivars, Jinsixiaozao and its ‘stoneless’ mutant, Wuhexiaozao. As a result, SAM was a very efficient method in targeted developing sequence-specific SSR primers in Chinese jujube. Furthermore, SAMs could also be used as high polymorphic molecular markers independently. The further study would focus on developing other oligonucleotide repeat types and applying more SSRs available in the genetic research of Chinese jujube. 相似文献
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燕山板栗种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为研究燕山板栗的遗传多样性,采用随机扩增多态DNA(randomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA,RAPD)技术对36份燕山板栗种质进行了分析。分析了燕山板栗的遗传丰富度,并对包括36个燕山板栗品种和8份外来板栗品种在内的44份板栗种质进行聚类分析。结果表明,RAPD能有效地区分品种间的差异,用16个随机引物经PCR扩增共得到132个片段,其中有83个多态性片段,占62.9%;不同遗传位点之间遗传多样度最大可达0.444,最小值为0.096,平均多样度为0.187;UPGMA法聚类,将44份板栗种质聚成4个大的类群,36份燕山板栗可分为3个大的类群,外来种质聚为一类。燕山板栗明显不同于外来品种。在RAPD图谱中,找到了19个品种(类型)的特异性标记和标记组合,可作为品种(类型)分子鉴别的依据。 相似文献
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A. U. Rehman R. J. Mailer A. Belaj R. De La Rosa H. Raman 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):647-653
SummaryOlive production in Australia has continued to increase in recent years, however there remains a high degree of confusion on the genetic identities of the cultivars being grown. In the present study, seven microsatellite (simple sequence repeat; SSR) loci were used to identify a set of 53 olive tree samples from different sources. The microsatellite DNA profiles of all 53 tree samples, including seven unknown trees, were compared with the SSR profiles of 14 reference olive cultivars. A total of 60 fragments (alleles), averaging 8.57 alleles per microsatellite locus, were amplified. High average values were found for the observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, and the polymorphic information content (0.73, 0.74, and 0.72, respectively). While all seven microsatellite markers proved useful for characterisation and identification purposes, a combination of three SSR primer pairs (DCA9, DCA18, and EM030) was sufficient to distinguish all 53 olive samples. The microsatellite allelic profiles allowed the 53 tree samples to be grouped into 23 genotypes. The allelic profiles of 14 of these genotypes matched with their reference cultivars, while the genetic identities of the remaining nine genotypes could not be confirmed. Some of these unknown genotypes may have been derived from feral olive trees, or were due to mislabelling and/or planting errors among Australian olive cultivars. Our results confirm the usefulness of microsatellite markers as a tool for cultivar differentiation and identification, and indicate the need for reliable identification of mother plants for commercial propagation. 相似文献