共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 828 毫秒
1.
西花蓟马抗甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐种群的交互抗性与生化抗性机制 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
为了解西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)对甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的抗性风险,采用生物和生化测定方法研究了西花蓟马甲维盐抗性种群与其它杀虫剂的交互抗性和生化抗性机制。西花蓟马甲维盐抗性种群对阿维菌素有高水平交互抗性,抗性倍数为31.656,对啶虫脒有中等水平交互抗性,为12.182,对吡虫啉、溴虫腈、氯氟氰菊酯、毒死蜱和灭多威有低水平交互抗性,为5.517~8.568,而对多杀菌素无明显交互抗性。增效剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、马来酸二乙酯(DEM)、三丁基三硫磷酸酯(DEF)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对甲维盐抗性种群和田间种群均有显著增效作用。甲维盐抗性种群多功能氧化酶细胞色素P450和b5含量、O-脱甲基酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶活性均显著提高,分别为敏感种群的3.89、3.61、5.32、4.42和1.30倍,表明多功能氧化酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶等解毒代谢酶活性的提高是西花蓟马对甲维盐产生抗性的重要机制。 相似文献
2.
《中国植保导刊》2015,(6)
在长期、大量且不科学地使用化学杀虫剂形成的选择压力下,我国南方重要水果害虫橘小实蝇[Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)]田间种群产生了抗药性,杀虫剂防效降低。为明确该虫抗药性程度,采用药膜法测定了深圳地区橘小实蝇田间种群对高效氯氰萄酯、氯氟氰菊酯、敌百虫、马拉硫磷、毒死蜱、辛硫磷、故敌畏、灭多威、阿维菌素、多杀霉素、甲维盐等4类11种杀虫剂的抗性。结果表明,该地区橘小实蝇对高效氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、阿维菌素3种杀虫剂抗性倍数分别为18.95、18.72、16.59倍,达到中抗水平;对敌百虫、毒死蜱、辛硫磷、敌敌畏、灭多威5种杀虫剂抗性倍数分别为5.58、6.81、7.90、3.88、4.95倍,为低抗水平;对马拉硫磷、甲维盐、多杀霉素3种杀虫利还较为敏感,抗性倍数分别为2.20、1.56、2.10倍。 相似文献
3.
粘虫抗甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐种群的交互抗性与生化抗性机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为指导甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（下称甲维盐）在粘虫Mythimna separate Walker防治上的合理使用,测定了粘虫抗甲维盐种群对5种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性及其生化抗性机制。结果表明:粘虫抗甲维盐种群对阿维菌素（抗性倍数RR50=21.80）、毒死蜱（RR50=17.68）和灭多威（RR50=10.85）均具有中等水平的交互抗性,与辛硫磷（RR50=6.00）和氟氯氰菊酯（RR50=5.65）之间交互抗性水平较低。酶抑制剂胡椒基丁醚（PBO）、马来酸二乙酯（DEM）、三丁基三硫磷酸酯（DEF）和磷酸三苯酯（TPP）在粘虫敏感种群和抗性种群生物测定中对甲维盐毒力均有显著的增效作用。粘虫抗甲维盐种群细胞色素P450和b5含量及O-脱甲基酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶活性均显著高于敏感种群,分别为敏感种群的3.23、3.65、3.63、1.64和2.66倍。研究表明,体内解毒代谢酶活性提高可能是粘虫对甲维盐产生抗性的重要原因。 相似文献
4.
多种药剂对橘小实蝇成虫的毒力测定及田间抗性监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为筛选出能有效防治橘小实蝇的药剂, 采用药膜法测定16种药剂对橘小实蝇成虫的触杀毒力, 同时测定了田间种群对6种药剂的抗性水平。结果表明, 处理24 h后各供试药剂的毒力大小依次为:毒死蜱>甲维盐>辛硫磷>马拉硫磷>高效氯氰菊酯>噻虫胺>呋虫胺>乙基多杀菌素>多杀霉素>噻虫嗪>氰戊菊酯>溴氰菊酯>阿维菌素>氯氰菊酯>虫螨腈>杀虫单。抗生素类药剂随着时间的延长, 触杀活力明显提高。田间抗药性检测结果显示, 广西4个地区的橘小实蝇均对高效氯氰菊酯产生了中等抗性, 玉林和桂林地区种群对阿维菌素也达到中抗水平。本试验明确了多种杀虫剂对橘小实蝇的毒力和田间抗性水平, 可为化学防治橘小实蝇提供参考。 相似文献
5.
应用药膜法、点滴法、圆筒滤纸法和饲喂法测定了敌百虫、高效氯氰菊酯和阿维菌素对橘小实蝇成虫的毒力。结果表明,不同的药剂所适用的毒力测定方法并不完全相同。4种方法均适用于敌百虫对橘小实蝇成虫的毒力测定,饲喂法不适用于高效氯氰菊酯,圆筒滤纸法不适用于阿维菌素。应用点滴法和药膜法测定了橘小实蝇广州种群对辛硫磷、敌百虫、氯氟氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、甲维盐、阿维菌素的抗性程度。药膜法所测得的橘小实蝇对拟除虫菊酯类农药的抗性倍数略低于点滴法。点滴法和药膜法的测定结果均能一致反映橘小实蝇田间种群对杀虫剂的抗性水平。 相似文献
6.
利用室内筛选获得的甲氧虫酰肼中等抗性种群(R, 30.57倍)和敏感种群(S),采用浸叶法测定了棉铃虫对12种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性。结果表明抗性种群对虫酰肼产生了13.57倍的中等水平交互抗性;对茚虫威的抗性倍数为3.05倍,无明显交互抗性;而对辛硫磷、毒死蜱、灭多威、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、虫螨腈、虱螨脲、氟啶脲、氟铃脲和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的抗性倍数在0.50 ~2.36倍之间,无交互抗性。试验结果提示,在棉铃虫对甲氧虫酰肼的抗药性治理中,轮换使用与甲氧虫酰肼没有交互抗性的杀虫剂将可有效延缓其抗药性发展。 相似文献
7.
梨小食心虫是为害我国北方地区果树生产的重要害虫，为明确甘肃地区梨小食心虫种群对常用杀虫剂的抗性水平，采用浸卵法测定了甘肃3个地区梨小食心虫田间种群对8种杀虫剂的敏感性，并分析了其抗药性状况。结果表明，梨小食心虫田间种群对乙基多杀菌素表现为中等水平抗性[抗性倍数(RR =10.24~14.27)]，对溴氰菊酯表现为低至中等水平抗性(RR =8.85~11.44)，对高效氯氟氰菊酯、氯虫苯甲酰胺和螺虫乙酯均表现出中等水平抗性(RR =18.89~86.62)，对阿维菌素、甲维盐和茚虫威均基本表现为高水平抗性(RR = 99.82~189.81)。研究结果可为果园科学合理用药防控梨小食心虫提供科学依据。 相似文献
8.
甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(甲维盐)和虱螨脲是目前生产上防治草地贪夜蛾的主要杀虫剂,为评估其抗性风险,以福建省草地贪夜蛾田间种群为研究对象,在实验室抗性汰选品系选育基础上,采用数量遗传学域性状分析法并结合交互抗性测定,进行草地贪夜蛾对上述两种杀虫剂的抗性风险评估。结果表明：非连续汰选11代和10代后,草地贪夜蛾对甲维盐(F11)和虱螨脲(F10)的抗性倍数分别达30.57倍和11.35倍;抗性现实遗传力分别为0.403和0.555,且前半段筛选的抗性遗传力都远大于后半段;药剂在室内对草地贪夜蛾致死率为50%～90%时,对甲维盐和虱螨脲抗性倍数上升10倍需要汰选8～15代和6～12代。交互抗性测定显示,甲维盐汰选品系对氯虫苯甲酰胺、虱螨脲、虫螨腈无交互抗性,对茚虫威和乙基多杀菌素存在一定交互抗性。虱螨脲汰选品系对氯虫苯甲酰胺、甲维盐、茚虫威、虫螨腈和乙基多杀菌素均无交互抗性。结果表明：草地贪夜蛾对甲维盐和虱螨脲存在快速产生抗性的风险,但可通过与无交互抗性药剂轮用来延缓抗性发展。 相似文献
9.
为明确华北棉区棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera田间种群对3种常用杀虫剂的抗性,于2014—2015年和2018—2019年分别采集河南、河北、山东和山西4个省的棉铃虫田间种群,采用浸叶法于室内测定棉铃虫对辛硫磷、三氟氯氰菊酯和甲维盐的抗性水平。结果表明,各监测点棉铃虫对辛硫磷处于中等水平抗性,在2014—2015年和2018—2019年的抗性倍数分别为13.0~58.5倍和21.1~55.3倍,棉铃虫对辛硫磷的抗性发展相对缓慢;各监测点棉铃虫种群对三氟氯氰菊酯已产生中等至高水平抗性,并呈现逐年上升的趋势,其中河北沧县、河南安阳、山西盐湖种群的抗性倍数由2014年的61.0倍、22.5倍和24.0倍上升至2019年的91.1倍、44.7倍和61.3倍,山东夏津种群的抗性最高,2019年抗性倍数达到216.3倍;棉铃虫种群对甲维盐表现为低至中等水平抗性,河北沧县、河南安阳、山西盐湖和山东夏津种群的抗性倍数分别为8.2~40.4倍、5.8~16.6倍、5.5~23.4倍和11.0~36.6倍。表明4个监测地区的棉铃虫田间种群对3种杀虫剂已经产生了不同程度的抗性,建议减少这3种杀虫剂的使用频次,并注意与其他杀虫剂交替轮换使用,以延缓棉铃虫抗药性的发展。 相似文献
10.
采用饲料混毒法测定了安徽省6个地区的草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫对4种常用杀虫剂的敏感性,并对其靶标的抗性突变频率进行检测,以明确2020年迁入安徽省的草地贪夜蛾对杀虫剂的敏感性现状,为后续制定科学防控措施提供依据。结果显示,马鞍山和宿州草地贪夜蛾种群对氟苯虫酰胺分别产生了11.3倍和10.1倍的抗性;而对甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐、茚虫威和氯虫苯甲酰胺尚未产生抗性。且这4种杀虫剂的靶标基因均未检测到抗性位点突变情况。以上结果表明,6个地区的草地贪夜蛾对甲维盐、氯虫苯甲酰胺和茚虫威均较敏感,在田间防治中仍可轮换使用该类型杀虫剂。部分地区的草地贪夜蛾对氟苯虫酰胺产生了中等水平抗性,因此以后应该减少该药剂的使用频次。 相似文献
11.
为探明园林树木种类、树冠大小及药剂种类对自流式注干药剂吸收及传导的影响,将甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐（简称甲维盐）分别与丁硫克百威、吡虫啉及阿维菌素组合,配制成2.8%甲维盐＋0.3%丁硫克百威（简称3.1% EB）、6%甲维盐＋4%吡虫啉（10%EB）与2%甲维盐＋0.5%阿维菌素（2.5% EB）3种乳油（EC）注干液剂,通过自流式树干注药方式,将3.1% EB和10% EB分别导入香抛树、柳树与栾树体内,研究了不同树种及不同药剂下药液吸收与传导的差异;采用2.5% EB,研究了香抛树树冠直径对药液吸收及传导的影响,同时通过HPLC-UVD检测方法,考察了药剂的残效期。结果表明:树木种类会显著影响注干药剂的吸收,且吸收速率依次为柳树>香抛树>栾树,开始注药5 d后,柳树上的药剂已被全部吸收,而栾树上3.1% EB和10% EB 的剩余量分别为66.6% 和48.6%;开始注药5 d后,10% EB在香抛树上的吸收率显著高于3.1% EB,两者剩余量分别为12.6%和29.3%,而其他处理则显示药剂种类对其吸收率影响不大;香抛树树冠直径大小对2.5% EB的吸收具有显著影响,冠径越大越利于药剂的吸收;开始注药起第113天,在香抛树枝叶中仍能检测到阿维菌素和甲维盐残留。研究表明,柳树对3.1% EB和10% EB的吸收性能均最佳,且供试药剂种类对其吸收性能影响不大;香抛树冠径大小与其对2.5% EB的吸收呈正相关性,且药剂残效期高达90~120 d。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Galina Lebedev Fauzi Abo‐Moch Guy Gafni David Ben‐Yakir Murad Ghanim 《Pest management science》2013,69(2):274-277
BACKGROUND: The onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, is a major pest of several crop plants in the genus Allium, such as onions, garlic and chives. In Israel, these crops are grown in open fields and in protected housing. This thrips is usually controlled by the application of chemical insecticides. In recent years, spinosad, emamectin benzoate and carbosulfan have been the major insecticides used for the control of the onion thrips. In the last 4 years, growers of chives and green onion from several regions of Israel have reported a significant decrease in the efficacy of insecticides used to control the onion thrips. RESULTS: The susceptibility of 14 populations of the onion thrips, collected mainly from chives between the years 2007 and 2011, to spinosad, emamectin benzoate and carbosulfan was tested using a laboratory bioassay. The majority of the populations showed significant levels of resistance to at least one of the insecticides. LC50 values calculated for two of the studied populations showed that the resistance factor for spinosad compared with the susceptible population is 21 393, for carbosulfan 54 and for emamectin benzoate 36. Only two populations, collected from organic farms, were susceptible to the insecticides tested. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of a high resistance level to spinosad, the major insecticide used to control the onion thrips. Resistance cases to spinosad were associated with failures to control the pest. Populations resistant to spinosad also had partial or complete resistance to other insecticides used for controlling the onion thrips. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
15.
Maritza Reyes Karen RochaLucía Alarcón Myriam SiegwartBenoît Sauphanor 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2012,102(1):45-50
Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) resistance to insecticides has become a significant problem in many tomato production areas in South America. New insecticides are now available for the management of this pest (i.e. spinosad), however there is scarce information about their efficacy on field populations.With the aim of determining the susceptibility of T. absoluta to spinosad we evaluated the response of second instar larvae, from five field populations (Azapa 1, Azapa 2, Lluta, Colín and Valdivia) and a laboratory reference strain (S), to a diagnostic concentration of the insecticide. We also determined the activity of the detoxifying enzymes mixed-function oxidases (MFO), glutathione-S-transferases (GST) and esterases (EST) in the same larval stage. Larval mortality in field populations was significantly lower in Azapa 1 (50.0%), Azapa 2 (44.9%), Lluta (39.9%) and Colín (53.5%) when compared to the laboratory strain (91.7%). MFO activities in field populations were between 1.8 and 4.6 times higher than those observed in the S strain, while for EST, the ratio varied from 1.7 to 14.7. The lowest ratios were observed for the GST (0.5-2.7), however, significant differences were detected for the three enzyme systems. We conclude that the evaluated mechanisms would be involved in spinosad resistance of populations of T. absoluta, presenting an increased MFO activity in all populations. 相似文献
16.
Of the 23 species of agricultural pest known to resist insecticides in China, 4 are cotton pests, 4 rice pests and 5 are pests of brassicae. In the green rice leafhopper, malathion resistance is caused by increased carboxylesterase (CarE) activity, which plays a more important role in the resistance to dimethoate than the mixed-function oxidases (mfos). The in-vitro and in-vivo results are in agreement with studies of synergism of malathion and dimethoate by TPP and EBP. These synergists delay the development of resistance, and EBP when added to malathion has limited the development of resistance to malathion in the green rice leafhopper. In the cotton aphid, resistance to organophosphates involves several factors: acetylcholinesterase (AChE) insensitivity, high CarE activity, slight (× 2) increase in glutathione S-transferases (GSH-ases), mfo activity as well as reduced penetration. In vitro, the I50 of the insensitive AChE is × 14 that of S aphids, and anaphthyl-acetate CarE hydrolysing activity is 70 times greater in R than in S aphids. Insecticide mixtures, alternation or rotation can delay build-up of resistance; resistance to malathion and trichlorfon was delayed in Culex pipiens pallens when the two insecticides were used together. Used singly each insecticide selected for high resistance within 25 generations. Mosaic rotation of dimethoate and fenvalerate delayed the onset of insecticide resistance in Lipaphis erysimi pseudobrassicae. 相似文献