首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 215 毫秒
1.
2019年10月24日至26日,使用便携式Simrad EY60科学探鱼仪对珠海桂山岛海上风电场水域的渔业资源进行了声学调查,研究了该水域的渔业资源组成、数量密度、资源量密度及其空间分布。本次调查共捕获游泳生物和底栖无脊椎动物72种,其中34种参与声学评估。扫海面积法估算的鱼类平均数量密度与资源量密度分别为1.09×104尾/km2,227.48 kg/km2;声学方法估算的鱼类数量密度与资源量密度分别为5.97×105尾/km2,15.13 t/km2。风电场水域鱼类聚集性分布明显,在风电场西北与东南外围水域密度较高,中间水域的密度较低。鱼类单体目标强度(TS)分布范围为-68~-41dB,其中-68~-58 dB的单体TS占主要部分(79.12%),对应鱼类的体长范围为3~8 cm;随着水深的增加,单体平均TS先减小后增大。本研究是桂山风电场水域渔业资源的首次声学调查,结果较准确地反映了风电场水域多种鱼类的资源量及其分布信息,可为科学评价海上风电场建成运营后对渔业资源的长期影响提供基础数据。  相似文献   

2.
南海柘林湾—南澳岛海洋牧场渔业资源本底声学评估   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
为掌握南海柘林湾—南澳岛海洋牧场水域渔业资源本底情况,于2011年4月到2012年2月,使用Simrad EY60科学探鱼仪先后于不同月份对其进行了4次调查。调查显示2011年4月,21种评估鱼类总平均数量密度和平均资源量密度分别为2.68×104 个/km2和0.73 t/km2;2011年8月,38种评估鱼类总平均资源数量密度和平均资源量密度分别为6.49×104 个/km2和0.71 t/km2;2011年11月,33种评估鱼类总平均资源数量密度和平均资源量密度分别为4.14×104 个/km2和0.93 t/km2;2012年2月,15种评估鱼类总平均资源数量密度和平均资源量密度分别为1.45×104 个/km2和0.36 t/km2。结果表明,4个月资源量密度均不高;11月资源密度和资源量最高;2月资源密度和资源量最低,声学评估种类明显减少。4月积分值主要分布于4~8 m水层;8月积分值于4~14 m水层内分布比较均匀;11月积分值主要分布水层与4月相似,但10 m以深水体所占百分比高于4月;2月积分值主要分布于4~10 m水层,尤其是6~8 m水层。资源密度与水深之间无明显线性关系。各月份调查站点资源密度与SST无明显线性关系。各月份平均丰度密度与SST呈明显线性关系 (R2=0.997 4)。各月份平均资源量密度与SST呈一定线性关系 (R2=0.287 2)。研究证实声学方法在海洋牧场渔业资源评估过程中表现出良好的效果,推动了声学技术在海洋牧场渔业资源研究领域的发展,为今后我国深入开展海洋牧场渔业资源增殖效果评估研究提供了现实基础和科学依据。  相似文献   

3.
袁静秀  季江 《水产学报》1989,13(3):244-247
东太湖系太湖东南隅的一个湖湾。据测,在正常水位(五站历年平均水位)2.99m时,平均水深0.91m,最大水深1.30m,湖水面积130km2,容积1.18×103m3。在距岸1km处以多网箱共3公顷左右水面的围养。据吴县东山站1956—1986年资料,历年平均气温15.9℃,最高38.8℃,最低-8.7℃,气温年较差历年平均25.9℃。年降水量1000—1400mm左右。为探讨网围养鱼与水域环境的关系,1984—1986年在东太湖网围区进行了每日8、14、20时的水文气象要素的正常观测。每月进行一次1—3个测点包括鱼塘在内的昼夜同步连续观测,每月一次各网箱的面上观测。  相似文献   

4.
为分析洈水水库生态系统结构和能流特征, 探讨鲢、鳙生态容量, 根据 2020—2021 年的渔业资源调查数据, 构建了洈水水库 Ecopath 模型。洈水水库 Ecopath 模型由 15 个功能组组成, 有效营养级范围为 1.000~3.336, 关键种为鳜、鲌类, 生态位重叠图表明条与主要经济物种鲢、鳙生态位重叠度较高。洈水水库循环指数 ? (FCI)、系统连接指数(CI)、系统杂食指数(SOI)分别为 11.35、0.351、0.099, 说明洈水水库有着较高的物质再循环比例, 其功能组之间具有较为密切且复杂的联结关系。洈水水库生态系统总流量(TST)为 44254.860 t/(km2 ·a), 总初级生产量与总呼吸量的比值(TPP/TR)为 1.394, 表明系统总体规模适宜且趋于成熟。洈水水库鲢、鳙的生物量分别为 2.117 t/(km2 ·a) 和 16.577 t/(km2 ·a), 通过模型推算其生态容纳量分别为 30.169 t/(km2 ·a)和 236.217 t/(km2 ·a)。  相似文献   

5.
为了解北京地区密云水库鱼类资源及空间分布特征,对库区的主要渔获物及鱼类大小组成、密度及空间分布特征进行了探测评估分析。结果表明:密云水库主要渔获物为鲢、鳙、鲤、鲫、戴氏红鲌、团头鲂、草鱼、鯵条和池沼公鱼等,其中鲢和鳙分别占总渔获量的52.7 %和37.8 %。回声探测结果显示,鱼类平均目标强度为(-46.8±7.6)dB,鱼类体长范围为3.0~74.1 cm,平均体长为10.15 cm。不同水域鱼类密度空间分布有极显著性差异(P<0.01),鱼类密度最大值出现在水库中心水域,为865.20 ind./1 000 m3,鱼类密度最小值位于内湖水域,仅为2.87 ind./1 000 m3。不同水层间鱼类密度空间分布亦极不均匀(P<0.01),大部分鱼类倾向于分布在水体中层,鱼类密度为570.66 ind./1 000 m3。  相似文献   

6.
为探究阳澄湖水域鱼类群落的营养结构特征, 于 2017 年夏季(7 月)、秋季(10 月)、2018 年春季(4 月)对该水域进行了渔业资源调查, 并利用稳定同位素技术对鱼类群落的碳(δ13C)、氮(δ15N)值特征及其营养结构进行了分析。 研究结果显示, 阳澄湖水域共采集到鱼类 42 种, 隶属于 5 目 10 科 33 属。鱼类的 δ13C、δ15N 和营养级均值分别为 (–24.85±1.77)‰、(15.34±2.19)‰和 3.06±0.64。其中, δ15N 值与营养级均存在极显著的鱼类食性和季节性差异(P< 0.01), 而 δ13C 值在鱼类食性和季节性上未出现显著差异(P>0.05)。阳澄湖鱼类群落的营养结构存在季节差异, 鱼类群落的营养层次(NR)、基础食物来源(CR)、生态位总空间(TA)、群落的整体密度(NND)、聚集均匀程度(SDNND) 和核心生态位空间(SEAc)从 2017 年夏季至秋季再到 2018 年春季, 呈逐渐上升的趋势; 表明 2018 年春季食物源多样性高, 营养冗余程度低。本研究初步构建了阳澄湖鱼类连续营养谱, 丰富了对阳澄湖鱼类群落营养结构方面的研究, 以期为湖泊生态管理和渔业可持续发展提供参考。  相似文献   

7.
依托资源优势发展青海特色冷水渔业   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
青海省地处青藏高原东北部,平均海拔3000米以上,是长江、黄河、澜沧江的发源地。境内河流、湖泊众多,水域资源十分丰富,水体总面积136.7万公顷,占全国内陆水域总面积的16.1%,仅次于西藏,居全国第二位,其中有鱼类分布的水域面积约107万公顷。省内东部农业区有130余座中小型农用水库,总面积800公顷以上,随着境内黄河上游13个梯级电站的陆续建成,还将增加宜渔水面近10万公顷。这些水体具有明显的冷水水体特征,绝大多数有鱼水体和高矿化湖泊地处青藏高原的超净区,  相似文献   

8.
江西省位于长江南岸的中下游地带,有着广阔的淡水水域(约2500万亩),各个水体的自然条件互有差异,既有全国最大的淡水湖——鄱阳湖,又有赣江、抚河、信江、饶河、修河等五大河流;其他中小型湖泊、河流、池塘、水库、沼泽等更是星罗棋布,遍及全省,自然条件优越,有利于各种水生植物在各种不同类型的水体里生长发育,在各种不同水域中蕴藏着极为丰富的水生植物资源。  相似文献   

9.
太湖流域春季底栖动物群落结构特征及水质评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2010年春季对太湖流域14个湖泊、7座水库及8条河流的底栖动物进行了调查。共调查到底栖动物57种,隶属4门、8纲,其中水生昆虫(17种)和寡毛类(15种)物种数最多。霍甫水丝蚓为整个流域的绝对优势种。聚类分析表明,可将29个水体的底栖动物划分为10种群落类型,其中霍甫水丝蚓在15个水体中占绝对优势,铜锈环棱螺为5个水体的第一优势种。底栖动物平均密度和生物量分别为2 741.2个/m2和47.2 g/m2,寡毛纲在密度中占绝对优势(90.9%),双壳纲和腹足纲在生物量中占93.4%。密度河流最高、水库最低;生物量湖泊最高、水库最低,底栖动物类群数量组成水体类型间差异明显。物种多样性与丰富度和均匀度均显著相关,但更多地受均匀度的影响。水库、湖泊的Shannon多样性、物种丰富度、均匀度指数均显著高于河流,物种数差异接近显著水平。养殖型湖泊底栖动物密度显著高于非养殖型湖泊,生物量、Shannon和均匀度指数相反。Wright指数显示,太湖流域水库水质多处在清洁—轻污染等级,Shannon和BPI指数说明绝大多数湖泊和河流处在中—重污染水平。  相似文献   

10.
黄河小浪底水库主河道水域渔业资源声学评估   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4  
2013年11月25日和2014年5月22日,使用分裂式波束科学鱼探仪(Simrad EY60,70 kHz,挪威)对黄河小浪底水库库尾大坝至黄河三峡段主河道的渔业资源进行了2次声学调查。通过对鱼类目标强度的现场测量,使用回波积分方法对库区内不同区域鱼类资源平均密度、资源量和空间分布进行了探查和评估。结果表明,2013年11月和2014年5月库区内调查水域声学积分值(nautical area scattering coefficient,NASC)分别为29.38 m2/nm2和49.77 m2/nm2,对应的鱼类资源平均密度分别为0.016 尾/m2和0.290 尾/m2,资源量分别为41.56 t和606.70 t。库区调查区域鱼类密度的空间水平分布,在大坝附近、主河道中游、上游以及黄河三峡2013年11月分别为0.016、0.023、0.024和0.009 尾/m2,2014年5月分别为0.848、0.248、0.077和0.083 尾/m2。2013年11月鱼类资源主要集中于主河道中上游水域,而2014年5月则主要集中于主河道中下游水域。鱼类的垂直分布显示了层状分布特征,黄河三峡段鱼类主要分布于10~20 m水层,其他主河道区域则主要分布在表层以及20~30 m水层。2013年11月和2014年5月鱼类目标强度分别以-59.5 dB和-56.5~-53.5 dB所占比例最高,体长较小且经过半年体长有所增加。研究表明,声学方法适用于黄河小浪底水库渔业资源调查。  相似文献   

11.
杨海乐  沈丽  何勇凤  田辉伍  高雷  吴金明  梅志刚  魏念  王琳  朱挺兵  胡飞飞  龚进玲  杜红春  段辛斌  邓华堂  王导群  朱峰跃  李云峰  吴凡  茹辉军  张燕  李君轶  杨俊琳  周运涛  方冬冬  王银平  蔺丹清  杨彦平  李佩杰  刘思磊  杨健  庄平  王思凯  张涛  杨刚  杨文波  袁立来  曹坤  徐硕  刘慧媛  梁志强  王崇瑞  李鸿  袁希平  杨鑫  傅义龙  张燕萍  章海鑫  陶志英  王生  高小平  金斌松  李柯懋  王国杰  简生龙  李英钦  薛晨江  雷春云  薛绍伟  孙昳  朱滨  邵科  胡兴坤  熊美华  杜军  何斌  颜涛  黄颖颖  邹远超  谢碧文  王永明  李斌  刘飞  张瑶瑶  范飞  王志坚  黄静  辜浩然  葛海龙  但言  李燕  王恕桥  张闯  周路  王雪  曾圣  向燕  何绪刚  覃剑晖  夏成星  侯杰  石义付  高立方  朱志强  沈红保  杜耘  段学军  熊嘉武  杨德国  刘绍平  倪朝辉  张辉  刘凯  赵峰  李应仁  王剑伟  危起伟 《水产学报》2023,47(2):029301-029301
长江是中华民族的母亲河,为了落实长江大保护,农业农村部统筹部署设立长江渔业资源与环境调查(2017—2021)。由中国水产科学研究院总牵头,中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所技术总协调,联合流域内外24家科研院所和高校,对长江流域重点水域的鱼类种类组成及分布、鱼类资源量、濒危鱼类、长江江豚、渔业生态环境、消落区、捕捞渔业和休闲渔业等7个专题开展了系统调查。调查结果显示,(1)长江历史(2017年前)分布鱼类记录有18目37科163属443种,本次调查中有135种鱼类未采集到,新采集到15种外来鱼类;(2)当前鱼类资源数量约为8.86亿尾,重量约为12.48万t,仅相当于20世纪50年代的27.3%、80年代的58.7%,流域性优势种为鲤、鲫、鲢、黄颡鱼、短颌鲚、鲇、蛇、草鱼、光泽黄颡鱼、?、鳜、铜鱼、翘嘴鲌、鳊、鳙,重量占比达50%,数量占比达45%;(3)长江流域的国家一、二级重点保护鱼类29种(属),本次调查共记录到15种,白鲟已被IUCN认定灭绝,鯮和鲥已多年未见野生个体,长江鲟被IUCN认定野外灭绝,中华鲟、胭脂鱼和松江鲈多年未见自然繁殖;(4)2017—2021年,长江中下游干...  相似文献   

12.
王思凯  宋超  张婷婷  高宇  庄平  赵峰 《水产学报》2023,47(2):029312-029312
为掌握长江口日本鳗鲡的苗汛特征与捕捞生产现状,于2017—2020年在长江口开展了定点监测和走访调查,分析了长江口鳗苗的汛期规律、捕捞努力量及捕捞产量和产值。研究发现,长江口鳗苗旺发期为2-4月,主要捕捞区域分布在东旺沙、佘山岛和南汇嘴附近水域。长江口鳗苗捕捞努力量呈现下降趋势,有效网口面积从2017年的78.72万m2,下降到2020年的50.40万m2,下降了36%。长江口鳗苗汛期的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)和总捕捞产量呈现波动变化趋势,2017和2020年较高,分别为(4 474±256)尾/100 m2和(5 220±1 063)尾/100 m2,2018和2019年较低,分别为(1 917±335)和(1 365±257)尾/100 m2。研究表明,长江口鳗苗生产值受到捕捞总产量影响,近4年来逐渐下降。建议进一步加强长江口鳗苗的资源监测和科学评估,指导规范鳗苗捕捞生产。  相似文献   

13.
为科学评价长江十年禁渔政策在金沙江下游水库的初步实施效果,实验于2020年11月和2022年5月在金沙江下游向家坝水库开展了渔获物调查和水声学调查,并分析了鱼类资源的变化情况。渔获物调查结果显示,2020年11月共采集到鱼类2科9种,其中?、瓦氏黄颡鱼占优势地位;2022年5月共采集到鱼类5科14种,其中蛇、瓦氏黄颡鱼占优势地位。水声学调查结果显示,不同年间、不同区域、不同水层间的鱼类目标强度分布存在显著性差异;2022年5月的鱼类密度(0.60尾/1 000 m3)高于2020年11月(0.46尾/1 000 m3),鱼类资源在时空分布上呈现不均匀性;不同调查时期的鱼群密集区域存在一定的差异,2020年11月大部分区域之间差异不显著,2022年5月则差异显著;2022年5月的上层鱼类密度(0.44±0.83尾/1 000 m3)显著大于2020年11月(0.06±0.15尾/1 000 m3);不同水层的鱼类分布差异显著,2次调查均表现为下层大于中、上层;估算得到向家坝水库鱼类资源尾数分别为3.2...  相似文献   

14.
The objective of this study was to simulate changes in water quality standards caused by the installation of aquaculture parks for caged fish farming in the eight large artificial reservoirs in the Paranapanema River according to the different scenarios of technical and legal limitations: (i) occupancy of 1% of the total surface of the reservoirs and (ii) occupancy according to the environmental carrying capacity. For water quality modelling, these two scenarios were simulated to determine the trophic state index (TSI) of each reservoir. Based on the total area of all reservoirs in the first scenario, the fish farm facilities would occupy 18.3 km2 and have an annual fish production of an estimated 513 thousand MT. However, because of limitations in the carrying capacity, the annual production in the second scenario would be 98 thousand MT and the fish farm facilities would occupy 3.5 km2. Simulating the TSI for the first scenario, approximately 75% of the total area of all reservoirs was estimated to change from oligo or mesotrophic conditions to eutrophic, supereutrophic and hypereutrophic conditions, and four reservoirs may become completely eutrophic (Canoas 2, Canoas 1, Taquaruçu and Rosana). For the second scenario, however, eutrophic areas accounted for less than 30% of the total, although the Taquaruçu and Rosana reservoirs were still at risk of total eutrophication. These results indicate as well‐intentioned legislation can have unintended environmental consequences in dynamic social–ecological aquaculture systems as in the case of large reservoirs in the Paranapanema River.  相似文献   

15.
Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing food industries and the rapid growth of aquaculture worldwide has resulted in growing concerns about its impact on important ecosystems. Kolleru Lake, India's largest fresh water body, and Ramsar site have undergone tremendous changes due to the development of aquaculture. To assess the impact of aquaculture on Kolleru, satellite data were found appropriate because of the synoptic‐detailed overview and accuracy. Satellite data of IRS 1D, LISS III from 2004 and Survey of India topographic maps from 1967 were processed using image processing techniques in erdas imagine and analysed in Geographical Information System (GIS) such as arc gis 9.1. Land use map prepared from the satellite data was verified in the field using Global Positioning System to check the land and water use classes and its areal extent. It was estimated from the topographic maps of 1967 that the total lake boundary area was 180.38 km2, in which 70.70 km2 had water throughout the year and 100.97 km2 had water during the rainy season. The digital image processing of 2004 satellite data revealed that Kolleru was no longer a lake and the lake area of 62.65 km2 (34.73%) only remained in a degraded state, extensively colonized by macrophytes. The total loss of lake area was 109.02 km2 between 1967 and 2004, in which aquaculture was developed in 99.74 km2, which represented 55.3% of the 1967 lake area. The maximum conversion to aquaculture occurred from the lake liable to be inundated during the 1967 rainy season. The area under agriculture was 16.62 km2 in 2004, the increase in lake area for agriculture between 1967 and 2004 being 8.22 km2 (4.55% of lake). If human induced degradation is allowed to continue, the lake will very soon disappear. Now, the Government of Andhra Pradesh, India, has initiated schemes and laws to restore the lake to its pre‐development state. Lessons learnt from the Kolleru Lake cautioned that there is a need for regular monitoring of important water resources throughout the world to protect the biodiversity of the earth.  相似文献   

16.
A century of tagging experiments on 174 Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) groups is reviewed and the frequency and spatial distribution of four migratory behaviours documented. Of all cod groups, 41% were categorized as sedentary, 18% as accurate homers, 20% as inaccurate homers and 20% as dispersers (ranging over large areas without recognizable return migrations). All behaviours occurred over the full spatial range of cod. Coastal groups did not differ significantly from offshore (shelf) groups in the relative frequency of migratory behaviours. However, the north‐east Atlantic had more sedentary and accurate homing groups than did the north‐west Atlantic, which had more dispersing groups. Overall, sedentary cod groups had lower maximum historical biomass than did other groups, confirming that migration/dispersal begets abundance. Maximum historical biomass was strongly related to the area occupied [log (biomass, tonnes)] = 1.58 log (range, km2) + 1.529; r2 = 0.9), irrespective of migratory type (for 23 major groups a total of 22 million tonnes over 3.3 million km2 with an average density of 7 tonnes km?2). Historical densities were not related to area occupied, although all large groups exhibited high densities (10–12 tonnes km?2 ; smaller groups had a wide range of density). The four migratory strategies in cod enable entrainment by diverse physical, oceanographic and biological ecosystem properties, and is key to cod success in the North Atlantic.  相似文献   

17.
  • 1. A necessary component of implementing a successful marine reserve is the quantification of the biological resources that fall under its protection. Without such an initial assessment, the future effects of the reserve on the local habitat and biotic community cannot be quantified and will remain the subject of debate.
  • 2. This study provides such a baseline assessment of fish diversity and habitat types within a recently enlarged marine reserve. Buck Island Reef National Monument, US Virgin Islands, was recently enlarged from approximately 4 km2 to over 76 km2. Areas of sand, seagrass, and hard‐bottom under protection were increased from 0.29 km2, 0.47 km2, and 1.96 km2 to 2.70 km2, 2.89 km2, and 18.30 km2 respectively when the Monument was expanded. A 53 km2 area of pelagic/deep‐water habitat with unknown bottom type is now also protected by the Monument.
  • 3. Visual counts of fish within 25×4 m2 transects conducted during the day were used to assess fish community structure and habitat utilization patterns. Species richness, diversity, assemblage structure, and fish density were evaluated and compared among sand, seagrass, and hard‐bottom habitats. Hard‐bottom sites had over twice the mean species richness and diversity as sand and seagrass sites, and several times greater mean fish density.
  • 4. Quantification of the fish community in pelagic and deep‐water habitats within the reserve is recommended to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the offshore areas of the reserve. Fish numbers, size, and diversity outside the reserve boundaries must also be evaluated to allow quantification of the effects of the marine reserve on the adjacent fish communities.
Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

18.
舒国成  何忠萍  郭鹏  贺锦锌  杜文宇  胡琳  李成  谢锋 《水产学报》2023,47(2):029303-029303
为了解长江区域的水生两栖爬行动物多样性、受胁及保护现状,本研究以长江水系自然分区为主将长江流域分为11个地理单元,采用编目法揭示区域内的水生两栖爬行动物物种组成;使用G-F指数方法测度区域物种多样性;运用权重赋值法评估区域内物种的受胁现状及各区域的保护优先性。结果显示,该流域的水生两栖爬行动物共281种,其中两栖类225种,隶属2目9科37属;爬行类56种,隶属3目9科22属。该流域的水生两栖爬行动物特有种及其比例分别为119种和42.35%;国家重点保护物种数及比例分别为60种和22.06%;受胁物种数和比例分别为102种和36.30%。物种多样性总体呈现出“上游高下游低和右岸高左岸低”的分布格局;对于水生两栖动物,金沙江-雅砻江流域(JSYL)、岷江-沱江流域(MJTJ)和乌江-赤水河-清江流域(WCQ)保护优先性更高;对于水生爬行动物,江源区(JY)、太湖流域(TH)和中下游干流区间(ZXG)保护优先性更高。研究表明,长江流域的水生两栖爬行动物物种不可替代性强,保护关注度大,保护紧迫性高,建议进一步加强流域内本底资源调查,建立科学高效的联防、联控一体化保护管理体制,建立健全区域物...  相似文献   

19.
1. The total area of standing fresh water in Great Britain has been estimated at approximately 2400 km2. The aim of the work described in this paper was to estimate the extent of the dystrophic, oligotrophic, mesotrophic and eutrophic habitat types making up this total. 2. Botanical survey data collected by the statutory nature conservation agencies provided habitat type and surface area for 3500 water bodies, mostly in Scotland. Because survey in England and Wales had been less thorough than in Scotland, it was not possible to estimate the areas of habitat types simply by direct extrapolation from the survey sample to the total resource of standing water in Great Britain. 3. A system of Trophic Ranking Scores (TRS) has been developed for aquatic plant species. Using plant records from the Biological Records Centre, a mean TRS for each 10×10 km square was produced, and Great Britain was divided into TRS bands. For each of these bands, the percentage by surveyed area of each freshwater habitat type was calculated. These percentages were applied to the total area of standing water in each TRS band, obtained from Ordnance Survey summary statistics, in order to predict the proportions of the different habitat types likely to occur in each band. The extent of these habitats in Great Britain as a whole could then be calculated. 4. Estimates produced by this method of the extent of the four standing freshwater habitat types in Great Britain are: dystrophic — 11 km2 (0.5%); oligotrophic — 1445 km2 (60%); mesotrophic — 267 km2 (11%); eutrophic — 679 km2 (28%). 5. The application of this work to nature conservation is discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

20.
方冬冬  杨海乐  张辉  吴金明  危起伟 《水产学报》2023,47(2):029311-029311
为了解长江中游鱼类群落结构、多样性及其与环境因子的关系,2021年6月和11月在长江中游5个江段(宜昌、石首、嘉鱼、武汉、湖口)开展了鱼类和环境调查。定量分析了鱼类群落结构特征、时空分布格局及其与环境因子的关系。研究期间共采集到鱼类16 335尾,隶属6目13科50属76种,其中鲤形目鱼类最多(52种),占总种数的70%。在3种生活习性类型中,定居性鱼类物种数最多(80%);在3种摄食类型中,肉食性鱼类物种数最多(46%);在3种产卵类型中,产黏性卵鱼类的物种数最多(50%)。相对重要性指数(IRI)显示,瓦氏黄颡鱼、银鲴、三角鲂、铜鱼等中小型鱼类为优势种。平均Margalef丰富度指数为5.11、平均Pielou均匀度指数为0.63、平均Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为3.23、平均Simpson优势度指数为0.26。丰度/生物量比较曲线表明,宜昌和湖口江段鱼类群落受人类活动干扰严重,石首、嘉鱼和武汉江段鱼类群落相对稳定。Cluster和NMDS分析结果表明,长江中游的鱼类群落可划分为3个类群,宜昌为一类群;石首、嘉鱼和武汉为一类群;湖口为一类群。RDA分析结果显示,NH  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号