共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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“花而不实”油菜体内硼与氮,钾,镁和钙关系的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
通过田间调查结合室内分析，研究了缺硼油菜体内硼的含量以及硼与氮、钾、镁、钙含量的关系，结果表明缺硼油菜器官的Ｎ／Ｂ比高于正常油菜，缺硼后钙、镁含量增加而钾含量下降，缺硼使油菜叶片含糖量增加，而角果枝中含糖量下降。 相似文献
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黄瓜缺硼症状与激素变化关系的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在营养液培养条件下 ,研究了黄瓜缺硼处理不同时间外部症状及其体内乙烯和IAA含量变化。结果表明 ,缺硼处理后 5d ,黄瓜幼叶开始出现缺硼症状 ;叶片中IAA含量降低发生在缺硼处理后处理后 3d ,即缺硼症状出现之前 ;乙烯释放量增加则发生在处理后 5d ,是伴随缺硼症状出现而升高的 ;生长点中IAA累积则发生在缺硼处理后处理后 6d ,即缺硼症状出现之后。黄瓜根尖在缺硼处理 3d ,缺硼症状就十分明显。缺硼黄瓜体内IAA平衡遭到破坏可能是缺硼症状出现的主要原因 相似文献
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植物对硼素不足的反应及其成因探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
硼是植物生长过程中必不可少的微量元素之一，缺硼将严重影响植物的正常生长与发育。文章综述了植物对硼素不足的反应，包括细胞壁和生物膜的结构与功能变化、糖类运输、酶活性的改变9以及植物根、茎、叶和生殖生长的变化等，探讨了植物缺硼的可能原因，并提出了防止植物缺硼的对策。 相似文献
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缺硼对脐橙幼苗硼分配及叶片细胞壁组分硼含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
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缺硼、不同光强及外源葡萄糖对大豆根瘤固氮活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以大豆超结瘤突变体nts382及其亲本Braggcv．为试验材料，研究了正常供硼和缺硼条件下，不同光强和外源葡萄糖对大豆根瘤固氮活性的影响。结果表明，缺硼时根瘤固氮酶活性显著下降，此时降低光强并没有使根瘤固氮酶活性进一步下降，但使根瘤数减少；外源施用葡萄糖也不能提高根瘤固氮酶活性。在正常供硼情况下，低光强降低了根瘤固氮酶活性，并且使根瘤数和根瘤干重减少，外源施用葡萄糖也增加根瘤固氮酶活性。这说明了在缺硼条件下，根瘤固氮酶活性的下降并不是由于碳水化合物供应不足所造成的。 相似文献
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缺硼对绿豆叶片光合特性和碳水化合物含量的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验以绿豆为指示植物,采用溶液培养法研究了缺硼对叶片光合功能和碳水化合物含量的影响,以明确缺硼是否影响光合作用进而影响作物生长。在绿豆第二片真叶出现后的第二天,一半植株供给 50 mol/L 硼（高硼）,另一半植株供给0.2 mol/L 硼（低硼）,在叶片生长过程中动态监测叶绿素含量、 气体交换和碳水化合物含量。结果表明,缺硼对叶片叶绿素含量没有影响,缺硼降低了光合速率（Pn）和气孔导度（Gs）,但对胞间二氧化碳浓度（Ci）没有影响; 缺硼提高了气孔限制率（Ls）。虽缺硼降低了Pn,但提高了叶片中可溶性糖,特别是葡萄糖和淀粉的含量。本研究结果表明缺硼对植物生长的影响并非是由于碳水化合物缺乏的缘故,而是因降低库活力导致了Pn的降低。 相似文献
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川西南土壤微量元素特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
川西南土壤微量元素丰缺特征是有效含量硼极缺，锌缺乏，钼较缺，而锰、铜较丰富。分布特征是钙质紫色土水稻、玉米缺锌，酸性砂质土小麦缺钼，砾质黄壤油菜、柑桔缺硼，潜育化潮土小麦缺锰。变化特征有三性，即潜在性缺乏，诱发性缺乏和失调性缺乏。 相似文献
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我国作物硼营养与硼肥施用的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
硼是作物生长发育和产量形成所必需的微量营养元素。我国自上世纪六、七十年代发现棉花“蕾而不花”和油菜“花而不实”为缺硼症后，开启了作物硼营养与硼肥施用技术的研究，此后50年的研究取得了一系列瞩目的进展和成果。本文从作物硼营养诊断与硼肥施用、作物硼的吸收转运和分配、作物硼的营养生理、作物硼营养遗传与分子机理等四个方面综述我国科技工作者的研究工作。研究确定了我国不同作物生长发育对硼的营养需求及缺硼反应的差异，明确了棉花和油菜等作物的硼营养特征、植物体与土壤硼丰缺指标和诊断方法、硼肥施用技术与规范，揭示了油菜、棉花等作物硼高效利用的基因型差异与遗传规律，克隆解析了硼高效吸收转运基因。在未来发展中，一方面要进一步加强作物硼营养的精准诊断与早期诊断、硼与其他必需元素的协同增效研究，为现代农业产业服务；另一方面要进一步加强作物硼营养高效的生物学机制研究，以培育作物硼高效高产优质抗逆的品种为目标，为实现我国农业可持续发展作贡献。 相似文献
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硼作为一种植物必需元素,在土壤中过量存在会对植物产生毒害,硼对植物的毒害作用以及利用植物修复高硼土壤已经日益受到关注。目前,硼对不同类型植物的毒害特点,植物的耐受机制还不十分清楚。特别是对于硼污染的植物修复,其研究还处于起步阶段。本文分别从植物的表观症状、生理生化和基因水平等层次,综述了过量硼对植物的毒害,并从高耐受性、超富集能力植物筛选,以及转基因技术应用等角度回顾了硼污染的植物修复研究进展。在此基础上,提出了当前相关研究存在的主要问题,并对未来的研究进行了展望。 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(5):525-532
Abstract Boron sensitive crops, kidney beans and soybeans, were grown in pots containing soil collected from a beet field and a nearby pasture. Two soil extraction procedures were used to measure boron concentrations in the soils. Dilute acid was used to extract what is believed to be readily available boron. A modified‐Soxhlet apparatus, which employed continuous leaching with hot water, measured what is believed to be slowly available boron. Plant boron status was determined by analyzing the above ground portion of the plants grown in two soils. The amount of boron in the plant tops provides an indication of biologically available boron or that boron actually available to plants. Although kidney beans and soybeans extracted more boron from the beet soil, both soil extraction procedures indicated that the concentration of boron was higher in the pasture soil. Neither extraction procedure proved reliable in predicting plant response. 相似文献
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利用比色法和聚丙烯凝胶电泳法分析了不同硼营养状况下甘蓝型油菜的幼苗叶片及开花期花药内可溶性蛋白质含量及组分的变化。结果表明,缺硼或硼过量部会造成幼苗叶片及花药内蛋白质含量显著下降;从电泳图谱中也可看出,可溶性蛋白质的组分也发生了变化。不适当供硼(缺硼或硼过量)幼苗叶片及花药内所测的大部分蛋白质含量减少,有个别的蛋白质增加或缺失。 相似文献
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Yu. A. Azarenko 《Eurasian Soil Science》2007,40(5):512-521
Data on the boron content in the main soil types of solonetzic complexes in the Irtysh Region of Omsk oblast are given. They attest to the boron salinization of the soils. It is shown that there is a risk of excessive boron accumulation in natural plants and crops. The boron resistance of crops cultivated on the boronsaline soils has been examined in the field and in pot experiments. Approximate normal and toxic levels of the boron content in soils and in plants and the corresponding Ca-to-B ratios in the aboveground phytomass are suggested. Amelioration of solonetzes with application of gypsum and phosphogypsum reduces the degree of their boron salinization and the boron uptake by plants. 相似文献
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The effect of various boron levels in the nutrient solution on the growth, boron and chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves of young sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants was studied under greenhouse conditions. Deficiency of boron decreased the dry matter yield of the roots, shoots and leaves. The content of boron in all analyzed plant parts increased with the increase of boron levels in the nutrient solution, more so in the shoots than in the roots. Leaf area was reduced under boron deficiency as well as the content of chlorophyll in the leaves. The content of analyzed sugars was increased in boron deficient plants, glucose content exhibited the highest increase under boron deficiency. Boron deficiency appreciably decreased photosynthetic oxygen evolution by leaves, the apparent quantum yield and quantum efficiency of photosystem two electron transport. The diminished rate of photosynthesis in boron deficient sunflower leaves could be correlated to the diminished efficiency of electron transport and to the increased content of sugars in the leaves. 相似文献
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甘蓝型油菜硼高效基因等位性检测 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
甘蓝型油菜 8Z05和青油 10号为硼高效品种 ;Bakow 为硼低效品种。 2000～2001年度 ,硼高效品种 8Z05青油 10号F2代 588个单株种植在缺硼土壤上。花期调查缺硼症状 ,表现硼高效的单株数与硼低效的单株数之比为 574∶14 ;结实期分离规律与花期相似。这说明甘蓝型油菜硼高效品种 8Z05和青油 10号硼营养高效主效基因是等位的 ,同时可能存在微效基因的修饰作用 ,但微效基因的QTL可能不完全相同。 2个年度的试验结果一致。 相似文献
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Some particularities of the distribution of boron in the main types of soils were studied. A close dependency between the
boron content in the soils and its concentration in the soil-forming rocks (r = 0.85) was established, as well as the absence of a correlation between the content of boron and that of humus. It was found
that boron is an element with an average intensity of accumulation in plants: the coefficient of its biological absorption
from the soil of the steppe, meadow, and agrocenoses varied from 1.2 to 3.2. A correlation between the bulk content of boron
in the soils and its accumulation in plants was absent (r = −0.07–0.11). The vegetation of a significant part of the steppe, dry-steppe, and forest-steppe landscapes had a boron deficiency
(30–75%). 相似文献
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Catharanthus roseus L., a medicinally important plant was grown till maturity at varying levels of boron (0.033, 0.066, 0.33 and 3.3 mg B L?1) supply. Optimum yield was observed in plants receiving 0.33 mg B L?1. Plants receiving deficient boron showed growth reduction and visual symptoms such as chlorosis and cupping of young emerging leaves and apical tip necrosis. The number and size of the flowers, pods and seeds formed and the pollen viability of the boron deficient plants was markedly reduced. The threshold values for deficiency and toxicity were 57 and 79 μg B g?1 dry weight for vegetative growth and 60.4 and 68.9 μg B g?1 dry weight for reproductive growth, respectively, and is reported for the first time in periwinkle. An increase was observed in reducing and non-reducing sugars and in activity of acid phosphatase and ribonuclease in boron stressed plants. 相似文献