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试验旨在研究日粮中添加苜草素(苜蓿提取物)对肉仔鸡免疫性能和生长性能的影响。试验选取1日龄商品代AA雄性肉仔鸡390只,按体重随机分为5个处理组,每组设6个重复,每重复13只,第1组设为对照,采用玉米-豆粕型日粮,其它处理组饲料中分别添加500、1000、1500mg/kg苜草素和150mg/kg的金霉素。试验肉仔鸡自由采食、饮水,7日龄首免鸡新城疫Ⅳ系疫苗,21日龄二次免疫。结果表明:苜草素组的免疫器官指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),150mg/kg的金霉素显著抑制免疫器官发育(P<0.05);苜草素组的新城疫血凝抑制抗体效价显著高于对照组(P<0.05),150mg/kg的金霉素显著抑制体液免疫反应(P<0.05);21和42d苜草素组的T、B淋巴细胞的转化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),150mg/kg的金霉素显著抑制其转化(P<0.05);添加1000mg/kg的苜草素显著提高了肉仔鸡前期、后期和全期的日采食量、日增重和均重(P<0.05),降低了料肉比,但未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05),添加150mg/kg的金霉素也显著提高了肉仔鸡前期、后期和全期的生产性能(P<0.05);日粮中添加不同剂量的苜草素可以增强肉仔鸡的体液免疫和细胞免疫能力,提高肉仔鸡的生产性能,同时,添加150mg/kg的金霉素抑制肉仔鸡的免疫机能并促进其生长。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同剂量的苜草素(苜蓿提取物)对肉仔鸡免疫、内分泌和脂类代谢的一些指标的影响。240只1 d商品代AA雄性肉仔鸡随机分为4组。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组日粮中分别添加100、300和500 mg/kg苜草素。分别于28、35、42和49 d从每组取6只鸡,称重、心脏采血后处死,剥离腹脂并称重。分离血清后,进行新城疫血凝抑制抗体效价、甲状腺素、胰岛素、甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平的测定。结果表明,添加500 mg/kg苜草素分别在不同日龄显著提高了(P<0.05)新城疫血凝抑制抗体效价和血清甲状腺素水平,显著降低了(P<0.05)腹脂率、血清甘油三酯水平、总胆固醇水平和胰岛素水平;添加300 mg/kg苜草素显著升高了(P<0.05)血清甲状腺素水平和显著降低了(P<0.05)甘油三酯和胰岛素水平;添加100 mg/kg苜草素对这些指标没有显著影响。由本试验结果可以看出,日粮中添加苜草素(500 mg/kg)可以增强肉仔鸡体液免疫能力、调节甲状腺素和胰岛素的分泌,并且具有明显的降脂作用。 相似文献
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牛至油对肉仔鸡生长性能和胴体品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
将150只1日龄、健康的艾维茵肉仔鸡随机分为5组,在其基础日粮中分别添加75、100、125、150 mg/kg的10%牛至油预混剂,饲喂6周.结果表明,牛至油可极显著提高肉仔鸡全期的增重速度(P＜0.01),改善料肉比(P＜0.01);试验组平均胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),分别比对照组高8.93%、9.60%,试验组平均腹脂率比对照组平均低16.30%,差异极显著(P＜0.01).以生产性能和胴体品质为指标看,牛至油在肉仔鸡日粮中的适宜添加量为100 mg/kg. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同剂量苜草素(苜蓿提取物)对58～65周龄蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。选用58周龄海蓝褐蛋鸡384只,随机分为4个组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组日粮分别添加苜草素500、1000mg/kg和1500mg/kg。结果显示:(1)苜草素500mg/kg和1000mg/kg组产蛋率显著增加(P0.05),苜草素各处理组料蛋比均显著降低(P0.05)。(2)日粮中添加苜草素500、1000mg/kg和1500mg/kg均显著增加鸡蛋的蛋壳强度(P0.05);日粮中添加苜草素500mg/kg显著提高鸡蛋的哈氏单位(P0.05),显著增加鸡蛋的蛋壳厚度(P0.05),显著增加鸡蛋中粗蛋白质的含量(P0.05)。以上结果显示:在改善58～65周龄蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质上,日粮中添加500mg/kg苜草素的作用效果最好。 相似文献
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黄芩多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验旨在探讨黄芩多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响.选择240只1日龄的爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复20只鸡,分别在基础饲粮中添加0、100、200和400mg/kg黄芩多糖提取物.试验期为49 d.测定各组生长性能、免疫器官指标和免疫球蛋白指标.结果表明:200mg/kg添加组可显著提高肉仔鸡49日龄平均体重、平均日增重并降低料重比(P<0.05),对胸腺指数和法氏囊指数的影响显著(P<0.05);21日龄时,100mg/kg添加组对法氏囊指数影响显著(P<0.05),对肉仔鸡全期的血清免疫球蛋白水平的影响不显著(P>0.05).由此可知,饲粮中添加适量的黄芩多糖在一定程度上可以提高肉仔鸡的生长性能,促进免疫器官的发育和提高免疫功能,其中200 mg/kg添加量较好. 相似文献
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将刚出壳的AA商品代肉仔鸡150只随机分成3组,以玉米-豆粕型日粮为基础日粮,分别添加100mg/kg MnSO4(试验1组)、60mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合锰(试验2组)和100mg/kg蛋氨酸螯合锰(试验3组),进行饲养试验。分别测定了各组肉仔鸡21日龄、42日龄胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数,并在42日龄时检测血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白的含量。结果表明,等剂量(100mg/kg)的蛋氨酸螯合锰和硫酸锰相比可使肉仔鸡免疫器官指数和血清球蛋白含量显著提高(P0.05),但对成活率影响不显著(P0.05);而低剂量(60mg/kg)的蛋氨酸螯合锰与硫酸锰(100mg/kg)相比各项指标差异均不显著(P0.05)。 相似文献
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本试验选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡400只,随机分成4组,每组5个重复,每重复20只.4个处理组分别饲喂含维生素E 20、50、100、150mg/kg的玉米豆粕型日粮,观察夏季高温环境下维生素E对肉仔鸡免疫器官指数、新城疫(ND)抗体效价及淋巴细胞α-醋酸萘酯酶阳性百分率的影响.结果表明:日粮添加20～150mg/kg维生素均能提高肉仔鸡夏季高温环境下的免疫机能,其中150mg/kg组脾脏、腔上囊及胸腺指数显著高于其余各组(P＜0.05);150 mg/kg组ND抗体水平、淋巴细胞阳性百分率均显著高于其余各组(P＜0.05).本试验条件下,150mg/kg为夏季肉仔鸡日粮维生素E的适宜添加量. 相似文献
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选用144只1日龄体重均匀、健康的艾维茵肉仔鸡,随机分成6个日粮处理组:1组为对照组,喂基础日粮;2～6组为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加0.5mg/kg、1mg/kg、1.5mg/kg、2mg/kg、2.5mg/kg铬(以吡啶羧酸铬形式),研究在日粮中添加不同浓度的吡啶羧酸铬对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响.试验结果表明:①日粮中添加铬浓度为0.5～1mg/kg的吡啶羧酸铬时,能显著提高肉仔鸡增重,明显改善肉仔鸡的饲料效率(P＜0.05);②日粮中添加铬(吡啶羧酸铬形式)能够提高经济效益. 相似文献
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苜蓿素对AA肉仔鸡免疫指标的影响 《畜牧与饲料科学》2015,36(3):14-14
为研究不同剂量的苜蓿素对AA肉仔鸡免疫指标的影响,选取1日龄AA肉仔鸡120只,随机分为4组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ~Ⅲ组基础日粮中分别添加150、300、450 mg/kg苜蓿素。分别于28、35和42 d从每组取10只鸡进行采血,测定血清球蛋白含量;取法氏囊和脾脏,称重并计算免疫器官指数;采用MTT比色法测定T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力。结果表明,基础日粮中添加300 mg/kg苜蓿素饲喂28 d,能够显著提高AA肉仔鸡法氏囊指数（P〈0.05）;添加450 mg/kg苜蓿素饲喂28 d,能够显著提高AA肉仔鸡血清球蛋白含量和免疫器官指数（P〈0.05）。添加300 mg/kg苜蓿素饲喂35 d,能够显著提高AA肉仔鸡血清球蛋白含量、免疫器官指数（P〈0.05）,显著促进B淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0.05）;添加450 mg/kg苜蓿素饲喂35 d,能够显著提高血清球蛋白含量、脾脏指数（P〈0.05）,显著促进T淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0.05）,极显著促进B淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0.01）。添加300和450 mg/kg苜蓿素饲喂42 d,能够极显著提高AA肉仔鸡法氏囊指数（P〈0.01）;添加450 mg/kg苜蓿素饲喂42 d,能够显著促进B淋巴细胞增殖（P〈0.05）。结果提示,日粮中添加苜蓿素能够提高多项AA肉仔鸡免疫指标,以添加450 mg/kg效果最优。 相似文献
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选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考. 相似文献
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近年以来,由于市场因素的刺激,生猪的存养量大幅上升,再加上由于流通环节较多,流通非常频繁,流通距离越来越远。这对繁荣经济,增加养殖效益起了重要的推动作用,但也同时给疾病的感染和传播创造了有利条件,给猪病的防治带来了困难。有的猪场感染了传染病后,由于治疗不及时不得法,而造成了惨重的经济损失。2008年7月中旬,我街道一养猪户因盲目从外地购进中猪,发生猪病疫情,引起猪只连续死亡,造成一定的经济损失。根据流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化和实验室诊断,诊断该病为猪链球菌病和猪伪狂犬病混合感染,现报告如下。 相似文献
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１前言１．１鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播，是主要的传播媒介，一般在夏末和秋季多发，由于夏季降雨量较大，部分沟渠积水，库蠓和蚋多孳生，因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。１９９８年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害，吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重，出现了一个白冠病多发年，而后两年发病稍轻，并有地区性，今年８月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势，有一定的死亡率，对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低，应引起养鸡户的重视。１．２鸡痘鸡痘也是… 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
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Harvey CE 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2002,19(4):186-195
Crown width, height and buccal surface areas were measured on heads or skulls of four dogs and four cats, and were compared with similar measurements on models of human dentition. Buccal surface area variability was greater in dogs and cats than in humans, and teeth of cats were smaller. Horizontal (gingival and occlusal halves) and vertical (mesial, middle, and distal thirds) buccal surface area variability was also greater in canine and feline teeth compared with human teeth. This increased variability suggests the need for testing of reliability and repeatability of scoring when using plaque and calculus indices based on horizontal or vertical segmentation. Buccal surface area variability between teeth also prompts questioning the validity of equal weighting of smaller, irregularly-shaped teeth when calculating a mean mouth score. Whether equal or more reliable results would be obtained from scores of whole teeth in comparison with segmentation indices used currently has yet to be determined. 相似文献
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Over a period of about 12 years, 30 abnormal Schistosoma mattheei cercariae were found among a total of approximately 2.8 million examined. Initially seven were recovered from about 1.02 million (0.0007%), which were examined individually while being counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. Subsequently, on the strength of relatively high percentages of abnormal individuals recovered when counting cercariae that failed to penetrate into oxen, it appeared that the morphologically abnormal cercariae were unable to swim and would mostly sediment out of a suspension while most of the normal cercariae would remain swimming. This surmise is supported by recovery of 23 morphologically abnormal cercariae (0.001%) from about 1.8 million, by examining the sediment after the cercarial suspension had been left standing undisturbed in glass measuring cylinders. The abnormalities ranged from aberrant tails only (e.g. an underdeveloped tail, or different degrees of schism) or aberrant heads only, to abnormalities of both the heads and tails. A suggested schematic classification of abnormal cercariae is presented. A young, adult hamster was exposed to eight S. mattheei cercariae with complete schism of the shaft of the tail, by pipetting the cercariae onto the shaved abdominal skin of the anaesthetised animal. Two underdeveloped females were subsequently encountered in squash preparations of the liver when the hamster was killed for worm recovery 10 weeks after infection, thus showing that some of the abnormal cercariae were viable. A method is also described for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining some of the shining brilliance of live cercariae, without them becoming shrivelled, granular and semi-opaque, as occurs when cercariae die spontaneously or are killed with heat. This is apparently the first report of abnormal cercariae of S. mattheei. In addition, a method of concentrating abnormal cercariae after emergence from a snail, a schematic classification of abnormal cercariae and a method for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining much of the shiny brilliance of live cercariae are also reported for the first time as far as is known. 相似文献