共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Resistance to selected antibiotics was studied in 325 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from foodstuffs. Out of these strains, 50.46% were resistant to penicillin, 15.7% to ampicillin, 4% to streptomycin, 5.2% to erythromycin, 5.8% to chloramphenicol, 18.5% to tetracycline, 18.2% to oxytetracycline, 2.5% to gentamycin, 1.6% to canamycin, 53.5% to colistine and 9.2% to bacitracin. Eighty-five strains (26.15%) were sensitive to all the antibiotics used; 107 strains (32.92%) were resistant to one antibiotic, and 133 strains (40.93%) to two or more antibiotics. 相似文献
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《Journal of aquatic animal health》2013,25(2):180-182
Abstract Enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) was transmitted horizontally from channel catfish Icialurus punctatus that had died from Edwardsiella ictaluri infection to contact channel catfish during 2 d of habitation in a tank. The contact channel catfish became positive for E. ictaluri antibody, became infected with this bacterium, and had signs of ESC and died within 12 d postexposure. Edwardsiella ictaluri was recovered from 24 of the 30 contact channel catfish that died from ESC, as well as from 9 of the 25 tested contact survivors. The cannibalizing of E. ictaluri-infected fish, or the shedding of E. ictaluri from dead fish, or both, were shown to be mechanisms of horizontal transmission of ESC among channel catfish. 相似文献
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C W Kohn R M Jacobs D Knight W Hueston A A Gabel S M Reed 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(8):1198-1205
At birth, 24 Standardbred foals were assigned at random to 1 of 2 groups and were given a placebo supplement (group 1) or an iron supplement (248 mg of iron/treatment; group 2). Foals were given iron supplement or placebo 4 times during the second and third weeks after birth. Hematologic variables and general health were monitored until foals were 4 months old. Mean PCV in foals of both groups decreased during the first 2 weeks after birth, but values remained within adult horse reference ranges. During the first 6 weeks after birth, foal erythrocytes were smaller than adult horse erythrocytes, but foal erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was greater than that in adult horses. At every measurement, indices of anisocytosis were lower in foals, compared with adult horse reference values, suggesting that foals have a homogeneous population of microcytic erythrocytes during early foalhood. In 2-week-old foals of both groups and in 4-week-old placebo-treated foals, mean serum iron concentration was lower than that in adult horses. In foals at birth and during the first 4 months, total iron-binding capacity values were above the adult reference range. In newborn foals, transferrin saturation percentage values decreased to below the reference range in foals from 2 weeks to 4 months after birth. When foals were born, serum ferritin concentration values were above the adult horse reference range, but decreased to within the reference range by the time foals were 1 day old. From 2 through 6 weeks after birth, foal ferritin concentration values were below the adult reference range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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Cañón-Franco WA Bergamaschi DP Labruna MB Camargo LM Souza SL Silva JC Pinter A Dubey JP Gennari SM 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,115(1):71-74
Neospora caninum is an important cause of abortion in dairy cattle worldwide. Dogs are important in the epidemiology of this parasite because they are the only hosts known to excrete N. caninum oocysts. Antibodies to N. caninum were assayed in serum samples from 157 dogs from Monte Negro, Rond?nia, Amazon, Brazil using the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Antibodies to N. caninum were found in 13 (8.3%) of dogs in titers of 1:50 in 1, 1:100 in 2, 1:200 in 5, 1:800 in 1, 1:1600 in 2, and 1:3200 in 2 dogs. These data indicate that N. caninum infection is prevalent even in remote areas of the Amazon. 相似文献
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E Stephan 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1991,98(7):256-257
Noise output of animal farms may have different reasons and effects and must be judged generally in dependence of the local conditions. It can be influenced by means of organization, technics and construction. Financial compensation in both directions is known in order to preserve good terms with the neighbours. 相似文献
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Münch S Braun P Wernery U Kinne J Pees M Flieger A Tietze E Rabsch W 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1725-1738
The aim of this study was to give some insights into the prevalence, serovars, phage types, and antibiotic resistances of Salmonella from animal origin in the United Arab Emirates. Data on diagnostic samples from animals (n?=?20,871) examined for Salmonella between 1996 and 2009 were extracted from the databases of the Central Veterinary Research Laboratory in Dubai and from typed strains (n?=?1052) from the Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode Branch in Germany and analyzed for general and animal-specific trends. Salmonella was isolated from 1,928 (9 %) of the 20,871 samples examined. Among the 1,052 typed strains, most were from camels (n?=?232), falcons (n?=?166), bustards (n?=?101), antelopes (n?=?66), and horses (n?=?63). The predominant serovars were Salmonella Typhimurium (25 %), Salmonella Kentucky (8 %), followed by Salmonella Frintrop (7 %), and Salmonella Hindmarsh (5 %). When analyzed by animal species, the most frequent serovars in camels were Salmonella Frintrop (28 %) and Salmonella Hindmarsh (21 %), in falcons Salmonella Typhimurium (32 %), in bustards Salmonella Kentucky (19 %), in antelopes Salmonella Typhimurium (9 %), and in horses Salmonella Typhimurium (17 %) and S. Kentucky (16 %). Resistance of all typed Salmonella strains (n?=?1052) was most often seen to tetracycline (23 %), streptomycin (22 %), nalidixic acid (18 %), and ampicillin (15 %). These data show trends in the epidemiology of Salmonella in different animal species which can be used as a base for future prevention, control, and therapy strategies. 相似文献
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In different parts of Europe animal production is highly concentrated. Pig production generally is the main animal production activity in these areas. Main concerns of these large numbers of pigs are the amount of surplus nutrients in excreta and gaseous losses to the environment. Main nutrients of concern are N, P, and heavy metals and main gaseous losses of concern are ammonia, odour, and methane. Although losses are inevitable to a certain extent, nutrition seems to be a key factor in reducing these losses. Main nutritional strategies to reduce N and P excretions from pigs are: phase feeding (N, P), supplementation of limiting amino acids to the diet (N), and addition of phytase to the diet (P). Nutritional strategies to reduce heavy metals excretions from pigs are: finding alternative, natural, growth promoters that could replace Cu and Zn in the diet; using feedstuffs for the diet that are less contaminated with Cd. Main strategies to reduce ammonia emissions are: 1) lowering crude protein intake in combination with addition of limiting amino acids; 2) Shifting nitrogen excretion from urine to faeces by including fermentable carbohydrates in the diet; 3) lowering pH of urine by adding acidifying salts to the diet; 4) lowering the pH of faeces by inclusion of fermentable carbohydrates in the diet. These strategies proved to be independent from each other and effects are additive. By combining these strategies a total reduction of ammonia emission in growing-finishing pigs of 70% could be reached. Strategies to reduce odour emission are: 1) reducing protein fermentation by balancing available protein and fermentable carbohydrates in the large intestine; 2) Minimizing breakdown of absorbed sulphur amino acids. More studies are needed in this area of research, but results until now are very promising. A clear relationship exists between fermentable carbohydrates in the diet and methane emissions. This disadvantage should be considered when tackling ammonia emission by this strategy. It is concluded that there is a large potential to reduce environmental load within pig dense areas by nutritional means. 相似文献
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The teguments of adult Schistosoma mattheei from cattle and buffalo, S. hippopotami from hippopotamus and S. margrebowiei from lechwe were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy for cells possibly engaged in immunological action. Leukocytes were observed on the teguments of the schistosomes from all 4 host species. Although certain of these cells seemed to be fused to the surface membrane of the worms, they did not display pseudopodia. The tegument of certain schistosomes from buffalo exhibited cells the size of platelets with dendritic structures connected to the tegument of the parasite. The results seem to indicate that, as with laboratory hosts, naturally infected domestic and wild hosts are unable to mount an effective cellular response against the tegument of live adult shistosomes. The possible role of platelets in immunology against schistosomes is mentioned. 相似文献
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Toxicity of microcystin LR, a cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin from Microcystis aeruginosa, to rats and mice 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
S B Hooser V R Beasley R A Lovell W W Carmichael W M Haschek 《Veterinary pathology》1989,26(3):246-252
Rats (Sprague-Dawley) and mice (Balb/c) were given microcystin LR intraperitoneally and were killed at intervals up to 24 hr (rats) or 90 min (mice) and necropsied. The lowest consistently lethal dose was 160 micrograms/kg in rats and 100 micrograms/kg in mice. Rats that were clinically unaffected had no lesion. All clinically affected rats in all dose groups died (from 20 to 32 hr after toxin) and had similar hepatic lesions. Livers were enlarged and dark red beginning 40 to 60 min after toxin. Mild disassociation and rounding of centrilobular hepatocytes developed within 20 min. By 60 min after toxin, degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes involved most of the lobules except for small periportal zones. Weights of livers and kidneys were significantly increased. Eosinophilic fibrillar material filled renal glomerular capillaries as early as 9 hr after toxin. At 18 to 24 hr there was moderate vacuolation of proximal tubular epithelium with mild tubular dilatation. Beginning at 1 hr, intact hepatocytes and hepatic debris were present in pulmonary vessels. Analysis of serum revealed an increase in alanine aminotransferase 40 min after toxin; at 6 to 12 hr there were significant increases in alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. Mice survived only 60 to 90 min after toxin. Hepatic lesions were similar to those in rats, but renal and pulmonary lesions were not seen. 相似文献
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Wildermuth BE Griffin CE Rosenkrantz WS Boord MJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2007,43(6):337-341
The purpose of this study was to compare susceptibilities of ear and skin Pseudomonas spp. isolates to enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Specimens were obtained from dogs examined in a veterinary dermatology referral hospital. Susceptibilities of ear isolates to enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were 46.9%, 66.7%, and 75.0%, respectively. Susceptibilities of skin isolates to the same drugs were 76.2%, 81.0%, and 80.0%, respectively. Ear isolates were significantly less susceptible to enrofloxacin than to ciprofloxacin (P=0.021), and ear isolates were significantly less susceptible to enrofloxacin than were skin isolates (P=0.034). When fluoroquinolone resistance was present, ear isolates were significantly less susceptible to enrofloxacin than to ciprofloxacin (P<0.001) and marbofloxacin (P=0.014). 相似文献