共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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红麻根结线虫病在我国发生已久，对红麻生产的威协愈来愈大。我们从1981年开始．对该病的分布与为害，病原线虫的种类分布及生活世代作了调查研究，现将初步结果报道如下. 相似文献
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目前，为了迎接今后科技和国民经济发展的需要，我国热作育种改革不单是局限在典型热带树种橡胶树上，而且适宜高产高效的热作水果树也需改革，这场的目标，是把我国实用的天然热带作物生产推向高产，高效的台阶，以适应天然热作长远规则的需要，当然，今后丘陵园地是发挥经济效益的适种高效的热带作物－橡胶树，果树（荔枝、龙眼．芒果等）自然成为热作育种改革所属的范围。 相似文献
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大豆胞囊线虫病发生和防治研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了大豆胞囊线虫的特点、危害症状及发病的生态环境,大豆胞囊线虫生理小种的地区性,大豆胞囊线虫病植物细胞学、生理生化、抗性遗传机制以及抗性育种的研究进展,以及大豆胞囊线虫病的综合防治方法。 相似文献
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甘薯茎线虫病的研究现状和展望 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
甘薯茎线虫病是由马铃薯腐烂线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)引起的,我国的南北薯区均有发生,北方薯区春作地危害更重。近年来,茎线虫病扩展较快,逐年加重,对甘薯生产构成严重威胁,已成为中国甘薯生产上最重要的病害之一。对甘薯茎线虫病的病原的生物学特性、发病机理、危害及对甘薯对茎线虫病的抗性鉴定、抗性遗传规律和综合防治等作了综述,并展望了甘薯茎线虫病的研究前景。 相似文献
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主要利用RS-485总线、无线移动网络(GPRS)、互联网(Internet)和数据库技术等实现热带农业环境数据远程采集平台系统。通过后台系统对环境数据进行挖掘、分析与推理，从病虫害数据库中实时智能检索并预测近期可能发生的病虫害，为我国热带农业决策、生产管理及病虫害防治提供一种简单有效的途径。 相似文献
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中国热带作物抗寒育种研究进展与展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
中国的热区地处热带北缘,经常遭受寒流侵袭,寒害已成为限制中国热带作物产业发展的最严重逆境因子之一,对中国热带作物产业的健康和稳定发展产生重要影响。积极开展热带作物抗寒育种研究,选育抗寒高产优良品种已成为中国热带作物产业发展的根本保障。从中国热带作物抗寒种质资源收集、抗寒新品种选育、以及抗寒机理研究进展等方面论述了国内热带作物抗寒育种研究进展与成效,指出当前中国热带作物抗寒育种所存在的问题,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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Plant parasitic nematodes associated with potato feed on roots and/or tubers. About 70 species, representing 24 genera, have been reported from potato. Since nematodes attack underground plant parts, there are no reliable foliar symptoms to show that nematodes may be the major cause of poor growth and reduced tuber yields. Potato roots damaged by nematodes may show lesions, abnormal proliferation of lateral roots, emerging white females and brown cysts. Nematode attacks may render plants vulnerable to other pathogens, so disease caused by microorganisms may have nematodes as an etiological component. Therefore, nematode damage may often have been attributed to other factors. In Scandinavia, potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida) are by far the most important nematodes on potato. In Norway, the cost of compensations schemes due to imposed statutory regulations of potato cyst nematodes may some years exceed the compensation for any other pests or diseases organism in agriculture. Other important nematodes include root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.), stubby root nematodes (Trichodorus spp. and Paratrichodorus spp.), and potato rot and stem nematodes (Ditylenchus spp.). Root knot nematode Meloidogyne hapla is considered less important. Meloidogyne chitwoodi and Meloidogyne fallax are not known to be present in Nordic countries. In the control, crop rotations using non-host crops, alternating susceptible and resistant potato cultivars, are an important control measure. However, the use of resistant potato cultivars requires knowledge of the species and pathotypes present in the field. 相似文献
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多主棒孢（Corynespora cassiicola）是一种全球分布的重要植物病原真菌,寄主范围十分广泛。近年来,该病原菌侵染危害多种热带作物,并在局部地区大面积暴发流行,造成巨大的经济损失。本研究利用核糖体转录间隔区（Internal transcribed spacer, ITS）、翻译延伸因子（translation elongation factor 1 alpha, EF-1α）、β微管蛋白（β-Tubulin, TUB）,对来自橡胶树、木薯、番木瓜和瓜菜等多种热带作物的70株多主棒孢进行种群多样性分析。结果发现,利用最大似然法,在相似系数为0.97时可将供试菌株划分为两大遗传类群：类群Ⅰ为国内和一些国外橡胶树的多主棒孢;类群Ⅱ为其他寄主多主棒孢,遗传类群与寄主来源具有显著的相关性。致病力测定表明,多主棒孢种内致病力分化明显,类群Ⅰ的橡胶树多主棒孢仅能侵染橡胶树,不能侵染其他寄主,具有明显的寄主专化性,且不同地理来源的菌株致病力差异不显著。类群Ⅱ的多主棒孢在不同寄主间可以相互侵染,但菌株在致病力和发病症状上存在一定差异,表现出对其原寄主的高度致病力。多基因序列聚类分析与致病力分化分析结果具有较好的一致性,这为研究我国热带作物多主棒孢的种群结构、主要致病型以及为多主棒孢病害的发生、流行和防治提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Cyanobacteria or blue green algae are prokaryotic oxygenic phototrophs that require little moisture and diffused light for growth and are ubiquitous in nature. Both the heterocystous and non-heterocystous forms of cyanobacteria are reported to produce a large number of compounds with varying bioactivities including toxins such as microcystins, nodularins and neurotoxins. Extracts and exudates of cyanobacteria have been reported to inhibit hatching and to cause immobility and mortality of juvenile plant parasitic nematodes in vitro. Application of cyanobacteria in soil may reduce nematode infestation and increase plant yield. There are reports of several cyanobacterial formulations that are being developed and tested against plant pathogens but none have been commercialised. Screening of extracts or metabolites against plant parasitic nematodes is the initial step to determine the usefulness of cyanobacteria for nematode management. Therefore, a large scale screening programme is necessary for selection of strains with greater nematicidal potential. The nitrogen fixation abilities of some species of cyanobacteria also render them useful as biofertilizers. A combination of nitrogen fixation and nematode suppressive attributes can provide a dual advantage in several crops. Future research is needed in this direction to exploit these organisms for biorational management of plant parasitic nematodes. 相似文献