共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
采用乙腈和水(70:5,V/V)为溶剂提取水稻中乙酰甲胺磷、甲胺磷,其他采用NY/T761—2008方法,气相色谱法(FPD检测器)进行测定2种农药在糙米中的残留,其添加回收率为78.7%-91.8%,变异系数为5.72%-14.1%,乙酰甲胺磷的最低检出限为0.005mg/kg,甲胺磷的最低检出限为0.01mg/kg。 相似文献
2.
研究异丙隆在水稻、土壤、田水中的残留分析方法及其消解动态和最终残留量。样品以丙酮提取、净化后采用气相色谱法-氮磷检测器(GC—NPD)毛细管柱进行测定。水田添加0.005、1.00mg/kg,土壤、水稻添加0.05、1.00mg/kg,添加回收率在77.9%-118.4%之间,变异系数为2.1%~11.2%。异丙隆在田水、土壤的消解动态没有明显差异,平均半衰期分别为413、5-3d,在稻秆中消解较慢,平均半衰期为8.3d。异丙隆24%可湿性粉剂,按900ga.i./hm^2用量,在直播水稻田水稻播种后施药1次,收获时异丙隆在土壤、稻杆和稻谷中的残留量均低于0.05mg/kg。 相似文献
3.
杀虫单在水稻和稻田土壤、水中的残留分析方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对水稻和土壤样品用HCl水溶液提取,NaOH溶液调节pH,经石油醚萃取,正己烷定容,气相色谱(GC—ECD)测定水稻和土壤中杀虫单残留,杀虫单的最小检测量为1.0×10^-11g,在稻田土壤、水稻植株、谷壳和糙米中的最低检出浓度为2.5×10^-3mg/kg.在稻田水中的最低检出浓度为5.0×10^-4mg/kg。当添加浓度0.05~5.0mg/kg时,杀虫单在水稻植株、稻田水、糙米、谷壳和稻田土壤中的添加回收率分别为90.2%~99.3%、94.2%~98.7%、92.6%-99.1%、92.7%-99.1%、90.8%~101.2%;变异系数分别为2.2%~11.4%、1.5%-2.2%、43%~6.5%、1.3%~4.9%、2.1%~10.7%。 相似文献
4.
5.
茚虫威在甘蓝和土壤中的残留量及消解动态研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
2002-2003年在广东省广州市郊进行了15%茚虫威悬浮剂(安打)在甘蓝和土壤中残留消解动态和最终残留量的研究。结果表明.在处理剂量为40.5ga.i./hm^2、施药3次的情况下,药后7d茚虫威在甘蓝中的最终残留量为0.09~0.18mg/kg,在土壤中的残留量为0.05-0.06mg/kg。研究表明.茚虫威在甘蓝和土壤中消解较快.其残留消解动态曲线符合化学反应一级动力学方程。在甘蓝上的半衰期分别为3.8d(2002年)和5.7d(2003年),在土壤中的半袁期为7.5d(2002年)。 相似文献
6.
烯啶虫胺在柑橘和土壤中的残留及消解动态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了烯啶虫胺在柑橘和土壤中的残留分析方法,并采用该方法研究了烯啶虫胺在田间柑橘和土壤中的消解动态。样品分别采用乙腈和甲醇提取,UPLC-MS/MS检测,外标法定量。在0.1~5 mg/L质量浓度范围内,烯啶虫胺的仪器 响应值与质量浓度呈良好线性关系,相关系数均在0.99以上。该方法的最小检出量为1.0×10-11 g, 在柑橘和土壤中的最低检测浓度均为0.05 mg/kg。当添加水平为0.05~2 mg/kg时,回收率在70.8%~104.1%之间,相对标准偏差在4.7%~12.3%之间。消解动态试验结果表明,烯啶虫胺在柑橘和土壤中消解的半衰期分别为3.4~10.7 d和1.8~5.4 d,表明烯啶虫胺属于易降解农药(t1/2<30 d)。 相似文献
7.
烯啶虫胺在水稻和稻田环境中的残留及消解动态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用高效液相色谱-紫外检测器(HPLC-UVD)测定了烯啶虫胺在稻田水、土壤、水稻植株和糙米样品中的消解动态及最终残留。田水样品用二氯甲烷萃取;土壤样品用水提取后经二氯甲烷萃取;水稻植株和糙米样品依次用水、丙酮提取,提取液经液液萃取及柱层析净化;HPLC-UVD检测。当烯啶虫胺在田水和土壤中的添加水平为0.1~5 mg/L和0.1~5 mg/kg,在植株和糙米中的添加水平为0.2~5 mg/kg时,其平均添加回收率在77.2% ~100.3%之间,相对标准偏差 (RSD)在1.9% ~12.9%之间。烯啶虫胺在稻田水、土壤、植株和糙米中方法的定量限(LOQ)分别为0.1 mg/L和0.1、0.2、0.2 mg/kg,检出限(LOD)分别为0.04 mg/L和0.04、0.08、0.08 mg/kg。温室模拟消解动态试验结果显示,以推荐使用高剂量的20倍(有效成分1 500 g/hm2) 施药,烯啶虫胺在稻田水、土壤以及水稻植株中的消解动态规律均符合一级动力学方程,其半衰期分别为0.58、3.31及2.70 d,消解速率较快。最终残留试验表明,于大田分蘖期按推荐使用高剂量的1.5倍(有效成分112.5 g/hm2)分别施药3次和4次,间隔期为7 d,距最后一次施药7 d后采样,糙米中烯啶虫胺的残留量均低于LOD值(0.08 mg/kg)及日本规定的最大残留限量(MRL)值(0.5 mg/kg)。 相似文献
8.
《植物保护》2015,(4)
研究确立了以乙腈为分散萃取溶剂,以羧基化双壁碳纳米管(DWCNTs-COOH)和石墨化碳黑(GCB)为基质分散材料的菠菜样品中呋虫胺、烯啶虫胺和吡虫啉残留的基质分散萃取前处理方法,建立并优化了乙腈梯度洗脱的高效液相色谱(HPLC)残留样品外标定量方法。结果表明,优化色谱条件下,呋虫胺、烯啶虫胺和吡虫啉色谱保留时间分别为6.8、8.6和17.7min,在0.025~25.00mg/L范围内与对应色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系。呋虫胺、烯啶虫胺和吡虫啉在菠菜中3个添加水平的回收率均在75%以上,相对标准偏差均小于10%,该色谱条件下方法的最低检测浓度分别为0.091 2mg/L(呋虫胺)、0.080 8mg/L(烯啶虫胺)和0.062 8mg/L(吡虫啉),表明研究建立的残留样本前处理方法和样品检测方法简便、高效、经济、可靠,可满足3种农药在菠菜中残留的定量检测要求。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
水稻条纹病毒胁迫下的水稻蛋白质组学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用双向电泳联用MOLDI-TOF-TOF质谱对水稻感病品种武育粳3号和抗病品种KT95-418感染水稻条纹病毒(Rice stripe virus,RSV)前后的叶片进行蛋白质组学分析。结果显示,RSV基因组编码的病害特异蛋白(disease specific protein,SP)在武育粳3号中的积累量明显高于KT95-418中。其他25个蛋白经质谱成功鉴定,包括RSV NS2蛋白,寄主中与光合作用、细胞氧化还原状态和离子平衡状态及蛋白的合成、转运与翻译后修饰等相关的蛋白。对这些差异表达的蛋白与水稻感、抗病的作用进行了分析。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
V. A. Awoderu 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(4):416-424
Abstract The two major fungal diseases of rice in Nigeria are rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) and brown spot (Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Ito and Kuribayashi) Dreschler ex Dastur). The loss in grain yield attributable to these diseases ranges from 11.5–39.6% and 12–43% respectively, Mancozeb, blasticidin-S, fentin hydroxide, benomyl and edifenphos as foliar sprays effectively control rice blast in the laboratory and field. Brown spot is controlled by spraying with thiram, mancozeb or blasticidin-S. A more useful approach to the control of these diseases being adopted in Nigeria is the search for horizontally resistant varieties. Other fungal diseases of rice in Nigeria are the green smut (Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Tak.), basal sheath rot (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn), sheath blight (Corticium sasakii (Shirai), Matsumoto.), leaf scald (Rhynchosporium oryzae Hashioka and Yokogi), narrow brown leaf spot (Cercospora oryzae Miyake) and bakanae disease, a foot rot caused by Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. Two suspected cases of virus diseases have been reported; grassy stunt disease (transmitted by Nilaparvata lugens Stal.), and orange leaf disease (transmitted by Inazuma dorsalis (Motschulsky). No bacterial disease of rice has been found in Nigeria. 相似文献
18.
Gnissa Konate Soungalo Sarra Oumar Traore 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2001,107(3):361-364
Seed transmission of two pathogroups of rice yellow mottle virus from Soudano-Sahelian areas of West Africa was studied in several rice genotypes. The virus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the highly susceptible rice variety BG 90-2 was used for infectivity assays. In most of the rice genotypes studied (17 out of 21), rice yellow mottle virus was detected in all seed parts including glumella, endosperm and embryo at a rate ranging from 65 to 100%. Nevertheless, no seed-borne infection was found. Infectivity of the virus decreased throughout the process of seed formation suggesting inactivation of the virus as a result of seed maturation and desiccation. It was concluded that rice yellow mottle epidemics do not develop from seed-borne infections in rice seeds. 相似文献
19.
O. Traoré M. D. Traoré D. Fargette G. Konaté 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2006,115(2):181-186
The effect of contamination of rice seedlings by Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV) in seedbeds on the onset and spread of rice yellow mottle in the field was investigated. Rice seedlings were artificially contaminated in seedbeds at different rates (0.1, 0.5, and 2.5%) and pooled in bundles before transplantation, as done by farmers. RYMV was successfully transmitted through contaminated hands and bundling healthy and diseased seedlings together. Hand contamination was responsible for 4.5% infection. Disease incidence in the field after secondary spread reached 32% for 2.5% seedbed contamination rate but remained limited (less than 10%) for all other rates. Eradicating infected plants from seedbeds lessened disease incidence in the field. This technique may be used in conjunction with other prophylactic measures to efficiently control rice yellow mottle disease. 相似文献