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近红外光谱技术在木材无损检测中应用研究综述 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
近红外光谱技术作为一种先进的检测技术,具有操作简便,预测快速、准确、成本低廉和对样品全面无损等优点,已在农业、石油化工、食品、生物技术与医药等领域得到了广泛的应用,本文主要介绍近红外光谱技术的基本原理和特点,在近红外光谱分析中的常用化学计量学方法及国内外近红外光谱在预测木材化学性质、物理力学性质和木材缺陷等方面的研究成果及应用。 相似文献
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粗皮桉木材力学性质的近红外光谱方法预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以人工林粗皮桉木材为研究对象,采用常规力学测试方法和近红外光谱方法对其无疵小试样力学性质进行研究。用近红外光谱仪采集试样表面的近红外光谱,对采集的近红外漫反射光谱进行导数预处理并对不同波段光谱建立校正模型,以1/3试样作为预测集对校正模型进行验证。结果表明:二阶导数预处理、350～25000nm全光谱波段、径切面和弦切面平均光谱值对粗皮桉木材力学性质模型预测效果最好。抗弯弹性模量和抗弯强度、顺纹抗压强度的实测值与近红外光谱方法的预测值存在较好的相关性,相关系数均大于0.88,相对分析误差大于2.0,表明利用近红外光谱方法预测人工林粗皮桉木材力学性质效果较好。 相似文献
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近红外光谱技术在木材性质预测中的应用研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
林木定向培育和木材资源的优化利用, 都需要对大量木材样本的性质进行快速测试.然而, 传统的测试方法成本高、效率低, 不能满足生产和科研的需要.近红外光谱技术是一种新的无损评价方法, 能够迅速、准确地对木材试样的性质进行预测.文中主要介绍了近红外分析技术的基本原理、特点以及在预测木材化学组成、物理力学性质、解剖性质等方面的研究进展. 相似文献
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介绍了一种新的测量木材微纤丝角的无损检测技术--近红外光谱分析,并详细阐述了测量时木材样品的选择及制备,测量工作包括X射线衍射和近红外光谱采集、多变量数据分析与模型建立的方法及步骤.证明了近红外光谱分析技术可以用于快速准确地预测木材的微纤丝角. 相似文献
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利用阿达玛变换近红外光谱结合支持向量机,对制浆造纸常用木材树种的快速识别进行研究。将各树种近红外光谱先进行多点平滑和标准正态变换预处理以消除噪音干扰和光散射导致的测量偏差,然后基于不同建模策略建立一对多和一对一两种支持向量机模型,考察这两种模型对多树种属间分类和种间分类的预测能力,并与传统的偏最小二乘判别分析分类法进行对比。结果表明,支持向量机预测模型对桉木、相思木、杨木、水杉等树种的属间分类正确率达到98%以上,种间分类正确率均达到95%以上,在处理复杂分类问题时模型稳健性明显优于传统分类方法,从方法上证明了近红外技术工业化应用的可能性,为进一步建立近红外在线检测木片材性分析系统奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Dinesh Fernando Jonas Hafrén Jan Gustafsson Geoffrey Daniel 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(2):134-142
Due to the increasing demand for Norway spruce as prime raw material for high-yield pulping, recent interest has focused on
Scots pine as an alternative. However, the intrinsic properties of Scots pine, particularly the high amounts of extractives
and the fiber properties, have been considered a disadvantage for thermomechanical pulping. A study was therefore conducted
on the variations in the spatial distribution and redistribution of lipophilic extractives in spruce and pine wood and thermomechanical
pulp (TMP) using cytochemical staining methods and chemical analysis. Chemical analyses showed chips from pine thinnings and
sawmill slabs to contain three to five and two to three times, respectively, more extractives than found in spruce; in particular,
the amount of triglycerides differed significantly. Results from staining techniques on the abundance and distribution of
extractives (i.e., fats) between pine and spruce correlated with amounts detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
and gel permeation chromatography. Cytochemical observations revealed information pertaining to species-specific distribution
and redistribution of extractives among TMP fines and fibers and indicated the presence of a molecular film of extractives.
Results indicate that the high concentrations of extractives in pine ray parenchyma are released during TMP processing and
are redistributed onto the surfaces of the pulps, negatively affecting energy usage during primary refining. 相似文献
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Use of near infrared spectroscopy to measure the chemical and mechanical properties of solid wood 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy (500 nm–2400 nm), coupled with multivariate analytic (MVA) statistical techniques, have been used to predict the chemical and mechanical properties of solid loblolly pine wood. The samples were selected from different radial locations and heights of three loblolly pine trees grown in Arkansas. The chemical composition and mechanical properties were measured with traditional wet chemical techniques and three point bending tests, respectively. The microfibril angle was measured with x-ray scattering. These chemical and mechanical properties were correlated with the NIR spectra using projection to latent structures (PLS) models. The correlations were very strong, with the correlation coefficients generally above 0.80. The mechanical properties could also be predicted using a reduced spectral range (650 nm–1150 nm) that should allow for field measurements of these properties using handheld NIR spectrometers. 相似文献
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Paul Joseph Dimitri Bakirtzis Audrey Vieille 《Wood material science & engineering》2015,10(1):130-144
AbstractSaving lives and properties are of primary importance in fire disasters. Unfortunately, current fire detectors are not fast enough to allow the detection of many fires, especially, at the smouldering stages. Some preliminary studies on laevoglucosan (LG), as an important product from cellulose degradation, have shown interesting properties and could be detected by devices classified as “electronic noses” (e-noses). In the present work, the mechanisms of pyrolysis of some ligno-cellulosic materials were investigated using thermo-gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and by a tube furnace with a view to determining the major degradation products from wood, white paper and cardboard samples. Additionally, an odour sensor, made of tin oxide semiconductor thin film, was employed to evaluate its sensitivity in detecting LG. It was found that LG can be readily found among the thermal degradation products of cellulosic materials in question, and that the metal oxide sensor employed was sufficiently sensitive in detecting its presence. Therefore, the work opens up the potential of using such a sensor as an “e-nose” for the early detection of fires stemming from forest product fire loads in storage places and in other enclosures. 相似文献
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Fast, nondestructive measurement of frost hardiness in conifer seedlings by VIS+NIR spectroscopy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Frost hardiness development from mid-August to mid-November was evaluated in seedlings of three provenances of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and three provenances of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) raised at nurseries in north, central and south Sweden. Measurements of the visible + near infrared (VIS+NIR) spectra of shoots were made simultaneously with estimates of frost hardiness based on electrolyte leakage following artificial freezing. Nine physiological variables known to influence frost hardiness were measured throughout the experiment. Multivariate analysis showed that VIS+NIR spectra explained 69% and 72% of the variation in frost hardiness in Scots pine and Norway spruce, respectively. Stem lignification, dry weight fraction, and starch, glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, raffinose and stachyose concentrations together explained 80% and 85% of the variation in frost hardiness in Scots pine and Norway spruce, respectively when used as independent X variables in a partial least squares model. These physiological variables could be related to varying degrees with variation in the VIS+NIR spectra. We conclude that VIS+NIR spectroscopy provides a rapid nondestructive technique for measuring frost hardiness in conifer seedlings based on causal relationships between the spectra and the physiology of seedling frost hardiness. 相似文献
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Silvana Nisgoski Mayara E Carneiro Elaine C Lengowski Felipe Z Schardosin Graciela I Bolzon de Muñiz 《Southern Forests》2015,77(4):243-247
The correct identification of pine species is necessary for proper application of wood in forest?based industries, since the quality of each species’ wood depends on factors intrinsic to the material. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of near?infrared and visible spectroscopy in the discrimination of pine species planted in southern Brazil. Needles of Pinus clausa, P. glabra, P. kesiya, P. oocarpa, P. palustris, P. pseudostrobus, P. rigida, P. roxburghii and P. serotina were collected from experimental plantations located in the region of Rio Negro, Paraná, Brazil. The needles were dried and milled for analysis. The evaluation was performed with a spectral range of 400–750?nm (visible) and 1 000–2 500?nm (near?infrared). Analysis using the visible spectra resulted in two principal components explaining 95% of the variation between the needle samples. In the near?infrared analysis, it was possible to discriminate between all nine pine species studied using only two principal components, where the first explained 99% of the variation between species. Spectroscopy based on needles can be used for pine species discrimination, using the original data without mathematical treatment, in southern Brazil. 相似文献