共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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microRNA (miRNA)是一类长度约20～25个核苷酸的内源性非编码小分子RNA,通过作用于靶基因mRNA的非翻译区抑制其翻译进而参与基因转录后调控,从而影响生物发育和疾病发生过程等。miRNA通过调节Wnt信号通路、BMP信号通路和细胞因子等表达参与动物毛囊的周期性生长发育、毛囊干细胞的增殖分化和凋亡以及被毛颜色的形成等。本研究从miRNA生物合成、miRNA对毛囊发育作用和对动物毛囊发育调控机制等方面进行详细阐述,旨在为深入了解miRNA调控动物毛囊的发育机制,并为今后指导毛用和皮用动物选育和提高生产性能提供参考。 相似文献
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microRNA(miRNA)是一类内源性表达的在转录后基因调控中发挥重要作用的小分子非编码RNA。在动植物细胞中,miRNA通过翻译抑制和靶mRNA去稳定性来调控靶基因,从而调控生长、发育、分化、死亡等生物过程。综述了miRNA的发现、形成、特点及调控机制。 相似文献
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剩余采食量（residual feed intake, RFI）是评价畜禽饲料利用率的重要指标。microRNA（miRNA）是一类通过转录后抑制基因表达的内源性非编码单链RNAs,长度约为22 nt,是基因表达的重要调控因子。miRNA与动物机体的采食及能量代谢密切相关,参与调控牛、猪、鸡等动物的RFI。针对近年来畜禽RFI的研究现状,特别是miRNA调控畜禽剩余采食量的研究进展进行总结,有助于揭示畜禽RFI性状的分子调控机理,为畜禽饲料利用率的改良与高效生产提供新思路,为优质畜禽的分子选育工作提供理论依据。 相似文献
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剩余采食量（residual feed intake, RFI）是评价畜禽饲料利用率的重要指标。microRNA（miRNA）是一类通过转录后抑制基因表达的内源性非编码单链RNAs,长度约为22 nt,是基因表达的重要调控因子。miRNA与动物机体的采食及能量代谢密切相关,参与调控牛、猪、鸡等动物的RFI。针对近年来畜禽RFI的研究现状,特别是miRNA调控畜禽剩余采食量的研究进展进行总结,有助于揭示畜禽RFI性状的分子调控机理,为畜禽饲料利用率的改良与高效生产提供新思路,为优质畜禽的分子选育工作提供理论依据。 相似文献
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动物胚胎发育时期伴随着复杂的基因表达和调控过程,特别是microRNA的基因转录后调控。实验应用二代测序技术测定了发育至6.5d雌雄鸡胚性腺中miRNA表达情况,并对差异表达miRNA进行了靶基因分析。检测分析结果显示,在雄性样品中发现375种miRNA,雌性样品中发现372种miRNA。针对30种在两性性腺中显著差异表达的miRNA,实验采用3个软件(Targetscan 6.0,MirTarget2与miRanda)进行靶基因预测分析,共预测出12 477个靶基因,这些基因显著富集在205个GO分类和11条信号通路中。实验为鸟类性别分化调控机制研究和miRNA靶基因分析提供了基本实验数据和方法学参考。 相似文献
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microRNA(简写为miRNA)是一类内源基因编码的单链RNA分子,参与转录后基因的表达调控,在血液生成过程中起着重要作用.为研究miR-30e对鱼类血液生成的作用机制,以斑马鱼Danio rerio作为模式生物,针对青藏高原裂腹鱼血液组织中高表达的miR-30e,利用生物信息软件预测斑马鱼miR-30e的靶基因,... 相似文献
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A microRNA as a translational repressor of APETALA2 in Arabidopsis flower development 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Chen X 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5666):2022-2025
Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) show a high degree of sequence complementarity to, and are believed to guide the cleavage of, their target messenger RNAs. Here, I show that miRNA172, which can base-pair with the messenger RNA of a floral homeotic gene, APETALA2, regulates APETALA2 expression primarily through translational inhibition. Elevated miRNA172 accumulation results in floral organ identity defects similar to those in loss-of-function apetala2 mutants. Elevated levels of mutant APETALA2 RNA with disrupted miRNA172 base pairing, but not wild-type APETALA2 RNA, result in elevated levels of APETALA2 protein and severe floral patterning defects. Therefore, miRNA172 likely acts in cell-fate specification as a translational repressor of APETALA2 in Arabidopsis flower development. 相似文献
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In the Drosophila germline, repeat-associated small interfering RNAs (rasiRNAs) ensure genomic stability by silencing endogenous selfish genetic elements such as retrotransposons and repetitive sequences. Whereas small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) derive from both the sense and antisense strands of their double-stranded RNA precursors, rasiRNAs arise mainly from the antisense strand. rasiRNA production appears not to require Dicer-1, which makes microRNAs (miRNAs), or Dicer-2, which makes siRNAs, and rasiRNAs lack the 2',3' hydroxy termini characteristic of animal siRNA and miRNA. Unlike siRNAs and miRNAs, rasiRNAs function through the Piwi, rather than the Ago, Argonaute protein subfamily. Our data suggest that rasiRNAs protect the fly germline through a silencing mechanism distinct from both the miRNA and RNA interference pathways. 相似文献
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小分子microRNA及其生物学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
MicroRNA(miRNA)是机体内源性表达的一类长20～24nt的非编码RNA调控因子,在动植物细胞中导致转录后基因沉默。近来发现miRNA家族成员众多,广泛地存在于各种真核细胞中,对诸如生长、发育、分化、死亡等生物过程进行调控。文章就其发现、形成及功能加以综述。 相似文献
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Brodersen P Sakvarelidze-Achard L Bruun-Rasmussen M Dunoyer P Yamamoto YY Sieburth L Voinnet O 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5880):1185-1190
High complementarity between plant microRNAs (miRNAs) and their messenger RNA targets is thought to cause silencing, prevalently by endonucleolytic cleavage. We have isolated Arabidopsis mutants defective in miRNA action. Their analysis provides evidence that plant miRNA-guided silencing has a widespread translational inhibitory component that is genetically separable from endonucleolytic cleavage. We further show that the same is true of silencing mediated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) populations. Translational repression is effected in part by the ARGONAUTE proteins AGO1 and AGO10. It also requires the activity of the microtubule-severing enzyme katanin, implicating cytoskeleton dynamics in miRNA action, as recently suggested from animal studies. Also as in animals, the decapping component VARICOSE (VCS)/Ge-1 is required for translational repression by miRNAs, which suggests that the underlying mechanisms in the two kingdoms are related. 相似文献
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miRNA-mediated gene silencing by translational repression followed by mRNA deadenylation and decay 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression through translational repression and/or messenger RNA (mRNA) deadenylation and decay. Because translation, deadenylation, and decay are closely linked processes, it is important to establish their ordering and thus to define the molecular mechanism of silencing. We have investigated the kinetics of these events in miRNA-mediated gene silencing by using a Drosophila S2 cell-based controllable expression system and show that mRNAs with both natural and engineered 3' untranslated regions with miRNA target sites are first subject to translational inhibition, followed by effects on deadenylation and decay. We next used a natural translational elongation stall to show that miRNA-mediated silencing inhibits translation at an early step, potentially translation initiation. 相似文献