共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
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谷子是山西省的主要粮食作物之一 ,浮山县种植谷子历史悠久 ,由于其独特的地理、土壤条件和小气候优势 ,生产出的小米营养丰富 ,色泽鲜亮 ,清香可口 ,倍受消费者青睐。为了促进品种更新换代 ,推动当地谷子生产的发展 ,我们从山西省农业科学院引进 5个谷子新品种进行引种观察试验 ,选择适合浮山县生态条件的优质、高产、抗病谷子新品种 ,摸清其生长发育特性 ,为当地大田谷子生产提供理论依据。1 材料与方法1 1 供试材料晋谷 34号、77 32 2、太选 2号、晋谷 2 9号、谷2 1号 (CK)。1 2 试验设计试验设 5个品种 ,3次重复 ,随机区组排列 ,… 相似文献
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谷子是北方杂粮作物 ,该作物具有抗旱、耐瘠薄和适应性强的特点。属营养型、优质杂粮品种 ,是人们生活中不可缺少的杂粮作物。为解决谷子草荒、薅草难、间苗难等问题 ,并进一步提高谷子产量 ,采用催芽播种栽培技术 ,取得了明显效果。1 谷子催芽栽培的主要优点1 .1 谷子催芽晚播后 ,通过耘种消灭苗带正在发芽和出土的杂草。出苗后 ,苗带干净 ,解决了薅草难、间苗难的问题 ,可节省 75～ 90个工日 /ｈｍ2 。1 .2 谷子催芽后 ,直接与湿土接触有利于出全苗 ,播种后 3～ 4ｄ即可出苗。1 .3 有利于选择优质高产早中熟品种 ,保证了谷子的正常成… 相似文献
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为了解南阳地区谷子品种主要农艺性状特点及其相关性,本研究选取5个常规栽培谷子品种,对不同谷子品种株高、穗长、单穗质量、单穗粒质量、出谷率、千粒质量等主要农艺性状进行分析。结果表明:不同谷子品种间的产量及相关农艺性状均呈现显著性差异,出谷率和千粒质量变异系数相对较小。相关性分析表明:株高与单穗质量、穗长与出谷率之间均存在显著的负相关关系;单穗质量与单穗粒质量之间存在极显著的正相关关系。其中,小香米、G-35和豫谷18丰产潜力大,可以在南阳地区推广。 相似文献
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优质谷子品种龙谷31的选育及高产栽培技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
龙谷31是按照黑龙江省农业良种化工程方案的要求，以提高谷子品质为目标，为满足市场需求，以选、繁、推相结合的方法选育的。2003年2月经黑龙江省品种审定委员会认定为推广品种。 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):433-440
AbstractIn semi-arid areas, pearl millet is an important staple food crop that is traditionally intercropped with cowpea. This study evaluated the water competition between pearl millet and cowpea using deuterated water. At vegetative stage, pearl millet biomass production was lower in the pearl millet-cowpea (PM-CP) combination than in the pearl millet-pigeon pea (PM-PP) and pearl millet-bambara nut (PM-BN) combinations. PM-CP used more water than PM-PP and PM-BN under well-watered conditions; however, all combinations used similar amounts of water under dry conditions. The biomass production, photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and midday leaf water potential of pearl millet at early flowering stage were not significantly reduced by mixed planting with cowpea sown two weeks later as compared with single planted pearl millet. When pearl millet and cowpea were sown at the same time, mix planting significantly increased the recovery rates of recently irrigated heavy water in pearl millet, but not in cowpea in both vegetative and early flowering stages. Midday leaf water potential and transpiration rates in pearl millet were lowered by mixed planting but those in cowpea were not. These indicate that the water source of pearl millet is shifted to the recently irrigated and easily accessible water. By contrast, when cowpea was sown two weeks later than pearl millet, this trend was not observed. These results provide new evidence on water competition in the PM-CP intercropping system; cowpea has higher ability to acquire existing soil water than pearl millet when both crops are sown at the same time. 相似文献
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Morio Iijima Yoshihiro Hirooka Yoshimasa Kawato Yoshinori Watanabe Kaede C. Wada Nodoka Shinohara 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(4):434-440
Mixed cropping is a cultivation method widely practiced in tropical regions. The newly developed close mixed planting technique mitigates the flood stress of drought-adapted upland cereal species by co-growing rice (Oryza sativa) plants under field flood conditions. We tested the hypothesis that O2 was transferred from rice to upland crops using the model system of hydroponic culture. To confirm the hypothesis, the phenomena of O2 absorption and release by plants were evaluated in a water culture condition without soil. Experiments were conducted in a climate chamber to estimate the amount of O2 released from the roots of rice and pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) under both O2-rich (20.0 ± .0% conc. in phase I) and O2-free dark (.8 ± .0% conc. in phase II) conditions. The total O2 change (between the two phases) in a single planting of rice and pearl millet was significantly higher than that of the mixed planting of rice and pearl millet, which indicated that O2 was transferred from rice to pearl millet under a water culture condition. The result indicated that approximately 7 μM O2 g fresh root weight?1 h?1 was transferred between the two plant species. O2 transfer was confirmed between the two plant species in a mix cultured in water, implying its contribution to the phenomenon that improved the physiological status of drought-adapted upland crops under field flood conditions. 相似文献
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不同株型大豆品种混合种植增产机理初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验通过对黑农38和东农42不同比例混种群体的田间通风透光状况及植株叶面积指数的测定发现,与单一品种清种相比,黑农38和东农42以2:1的比例混种可以通过改善群体的通风状况和不同冠层的光照分配,促进光合产物的合成,改善光合产物的分配,提高有效花荚数目,显著提高大豆的产量。但由于混种后,收获的籽粒存在一定的差异,因此可根据产品用途选择清种或混种。 相似文献
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Yasuhiro Izumi Shinji Okaichi Simon K. Awala Yoshimasa Kawato Yoshinori Watanabe Koji Yamane 《Plant Production Science》2018,21(1):8-15
The authors have proposed the close mixed planting technique using mixed seedlings of two different crop species that results in close tangling of their root systems. Especially, the combination of drought-adaptive upland crops (e.g. pearl millet or sorghum) and flood-adaptive lowland crop of rice would be beneficial to overcome the drought and flood conditions and to reduce the risks of crop failure. In our previous studies, we found that upland crop yield losses by flood stress was mitigated by mix-cropped rice, owing to the oxygen gas released from the rice roots into the aqueous rhizosphere. In the present study, we conducted two experiments to assess whether mixed cropping a drought-resistant cereal, pearl millet, would improve the performance of co-growing drought-susceptible crop, rice under drought conditions. In the field experiment, some grains were obtained from the rice plants mix-cropped with pearl millet under drought condition. However, no rice matured in the single cropping system. In the model experiment using deuterium analysis, it was confirmed that water absorbed by pearl millet roots from deep soil layer was utilized by rice, suggesting that mix-cropped rice could withstand drought stress and complete grain filling using water released into the upper soil layer by hydraulic lift. 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):454-460
AbstractPearl millet is better adapted to hot and semi-arid conditions than most other major cereals. The objective of this study was to compare the deep water uptake ability and water use efficiency (WUE) of pearl millet among millet species. First, the WUE of six millet species was evaluated in pots under waterlogging, well-watered (control), and drought conditions. Secondly, the water uptake from deep soil layers by pearl millet and barnyard millet, which showed the highest drought and waterlogging tolerance, respectively, was compared in long tubes which consisted of three parts (two loose soil layers separated by a hardpan and a Vaseline layer). Soil moisture was adjusted to well-watered and drought conditions in the upper (topsoil) layer, while the lower (deep) layer was always kept wet. WUE was significantly reduced in all millet species by waterlogging but not by drought. The ratio of WUE to the control condition indicated that pearl millet had the highest and lowest resistances to drought and waterlogging conditions, respectively, while barnyard millet was the most stable under both conditions. The deuterium concentration in xylem sap water, relative water uptake from deep soil layers, and water uptake efficiency of deep roots were significantly increased in barnyard millet but not in pearl millet by drought in topsoil layers. In conclusion, the drought resistance of pearl millet is explained by higher WUE but not by increased water uptake efficiency in deep soil layers as compared to barnyard millet, another drought-resistant millet species. 相似文献
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Twelve samples of Striga hermonthica seed were collected from four host crops [millet (4), sorghum (4), a sorghum/millet intercrop (3) and maize (1)] from all the main areas of S. hermonthica infestation in Nigeria and were tested on eight genotypes of three test crops [maize (4), sorghum (2) and millet (2)] in two screenhouse trials. Plants of each test genotype were sown in pots and heavily infested with S. hermonthica. Emergence count of the parasite, test crop damage rating (1–9), and test crop plant height were measured at 9 weeks after planting. The effects of genotypes, samples and their interaction for all three traits measured were highly significant (p = 0.001). Of the 12 samples of S. hermonthica, all have high emergence on both maize and sorghum. Seven samples gave low emergence on millet genotypes and two none at all. Three of the four samples from millet sources gave higher parasite emergence on sorghum and maize than on millet. For Striga damage rating, millet had the lowest average scores, followed by maize and sorghum. The responses of maize genotypes to samples from millet and sorghum sources were significantly different. Millet genotypes also had different responses to the samples from millet sources. For plant height differences, samples from sorghum sources interacted significantly with test maize genotypes, and millet samples with sorghum genotypes. The results indicate that both intercrop and intracrop strains of S. hermonthica are present in Nigeria. 相似文献
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通过正交设计,对大麦新品系“08PJ-36”设置肥料与密度效应梯度,探索肥料与密度效应对“08PJ-36”产量与品质的影响,确定“08PJ-36”在黄灌区适宜的肥料施用量及播种密度。结果表明：啤酒大麦“08PJ-36”在内蒙古河套灌区生产潜力可达586．15kg／667m2,与此适应的肥料与密度为,纯氮9．0kg／667m2,纯磷8．1kg／667m2,纯钾1．5kg／667m2,密度31万株／667m2,此条件下,籽粒蛋白质含量及千粒重能够符合GB／T7416--2008之要求。 相似文献
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Nagappa G. Malleshi Nirmala A. Hadimani Rangaswami Chinnaswamy Carol F. Klopfenstein 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1996,49(3):181-189
Sorghum, pearl millet, and finger millet flours (60% of each) were blended with toasted mung bean flour (30%) and nonfat dry milk (10%) and extruded (Brabender single screw) to make precooked, ready-to-eat, weaning foods. The extruded foods had high cold paste viscosity, but their cooked paste viscosity was lower than that of the respective blends. Chemical scores of the extruded foods were 78 for sorghum, 80 for pearl millet, and 96 for finger millet. Protein digstibility corrected amino acid scores (PD-CAS) were similar for pearl millet (68%) and finger millet (69%); PD-CAS for sorghum was 57%. Total dietary fiber content of the foods ranged from 7.6 to 10.1%, with the soluble dietary fiber content of the foods being about 10% higher than that of the corresponding blends. Extrusion enhanced the in vitro protein digestibility of foods, but no marked difference occurred in the in vitro carbohydrate digestibility among the unprocessed blends and the extruded foods. The net protein ratio, protein efficiency ratio, and biological values were higher for the finger millet food than for the pearl millet food, probably because of the higher lysine content of the finger millet protein.Contribution No. 95-253-J of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. 相似文献
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了解河西走廊农作物种类、食物结构和饮食文化有助于认识东西方物质和文化交流历史。西汉时期,汉王朝大力开发河西走廊地区的农业资源,特别是绿洲农业资源,以满足士兵和移民的粮食和饲料需求,固疆戍边。笔者对甘肃省敦煌市敦煌藏馆提供（由黑河流域牧民收集）的谷物籽粒进行特性分析以及同位素测年,发现敦煌藏馆保留的谷物籽粒形态完整、色泽清晰,直观可辨。这些籽粒包括大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)、青稞(Hordeum vulgare Linn.var. nudum Hook. f.)、糜子(Panicum miliaceum)和谷子(Setaria italica)。两批大麦样本的单籽粒平均粒重为0.029 g和0.030 g,最大单籽粒粒重达到0.041 g,但大麦籽粒已无发芽能力。两批青稞单籽粒平均粒重为0.025 g和0.028 g,最大单籽粒粒重达到0.048 g。经碳同位素（14C）测年鉴定,大麦距今2 063~1 898年,青稞距今2 010~1 885年,糜子距今1 994~1 865年,均为西汉时期的谷物籽粒。这一结果对研究东西方物质和文化交流具有重要的历史和学术意义。 相似文献