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1.
Alpine bluegrass (Poa alpina L.) is common in mountain areas, where it represents a valuable forage resource and is widely used for ecological restoration of disturbed landscapes. This study assessed the variation of germplasm from the Rhaetian Alps, Italy. Both seed production and morphology were examined for potential use in restoration projects and for conservation and selection purposes of local genetic resources. The effects of the ex situ growing site were also assessed in two altitude‐contrasting sites. Individual populations harboured great phenotypic diversity for all traits, including seed yield, while variation among valleys of origin was less manifest. Noticeable site‐specific population yield responses were observed, suggesting that the environment adopted for seed production may steer the choice of materials to be multiplied. The longer vegetative period in the lowland site, combined with environment‐tailored agronomic practices, contributed to better plant growth, seed yield and survival compared to the mountain site, suggesting that seed production of this Alpine species could be feasible in a lowland environment when adequate inputs were provided. One valley (Valchiavenna) displayed high average levels of seed yield and plant vigour across growing sites, indicating its possible value as a source of germplasm suitable for resowing at high altitude.  相似文献   

2.
Elymus scabrifolius is a native C3 South American grass species. It is valued as forage species adapted to various environments in Argentina and is also a potential source of traits for wheat‐breeding programmes. Efficient utilization of native genetic resources requires extensive collection and characterization of available material. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize variability in salt tolerance within E. scabrifolius populations in Argentina. Specimens of E. scabrifolius were collected from a wide range of soils in Argentina, and most populations were found in saline environments with high sodium levels. Intraspecific variability in salt tolerance was estimated, and its relation to the salinity level of the populations’ natural environment was assessed. A principal component analysis based on growth data distinguished lines from saline and non‐saline habitats only under salt conditions. Results suggest that selecting under stressed environments is a reasonable strategy for breeding E. scabrifolius. Lines of saline origin had higher biomass under both control and saline conditions, suggesting that higher gains from selection would be obtained if germplasm from this origin was used, and tillering may be the most useful indirect selection criterion for improving salt tolerance. The association between salt tolerance, ion content and osmotic adjustment was also assessed. Salt‐sensitive lines accumulated high sodium levels in leaves. However, osmotic adjustment did not correlate with the maintenance of leaf elongation rates under salinity in the genotypes included in this study.  相似文献   

3.
This study aimed to support red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) breeding programmes by investigating germplasm adaptive variation. Four landraces representative of the former commercial ecotypes from northern and central Italy, thirteen natural populations collected in Italy across a wide latitudinal and altitudinal range in exploited or abandoned old natural grasslands, natural pastures or in the wild, and the varieties Perseo and Divin were evaluated for 2‐year forage yield, for plant survival and for some morphophysiological traits. Evaluations were made at two sites, one with a subcontinental climate (Lodi) and the other with a Mediterranean climate (Viterbo). Specific adaptation was particularly large in natural populations, whose interaction with location implied a widespread inversion of population ranks across sites for forage yield depending on their geographical origin. Forage yield and persistence of the populations were not correlated, owing to the trend of landrace and variety germplasm towards high yield but poor persistence. At Lodi, forage yield was associated with winter hardiness and was maximized by landrace germplasm, whereas persistence depended on various factors and was high only in a set of natural populations collected from pastures. At Viterbo, natural populations that evolved under severe summer drought stress tended towards high yield and persistence, showing no yield disadvantage relative to the best‐performing landrace or variety germplasm.  相似文献   

4.
为给黄淮南片冬麦区小麦育种提供信息,对25份澳大利亚小麦种质于2016-2018年度在新乡进行了部分农艺性状调查,对其品质性状及优质亚基等进行了分析。结果表明,25份澳大利亚小麦种质多表现为春性,综合农艺性状较差;千粒重低于黄淮麦区高产对照品种周麦18,变化范围为31.4 g～43.1 g;湿面筋含量、面筋指数、稳定时间、弱化度的变化范围分别为28.0%～39.1%、55.2%～96.5%、4.0 min～25.0 min、5%～100%。从澳大利亚小麦种质中,筛选出了具有湿面筋含量高、面筋指数高、稳定时间长、面粉粉色白等优良品质特性的材料,鉴定出了含5+10亚基、7+8~*亚基(7超量表达亚基)、17+18亚基、13+16亚基、低PPO活性基因及 Wx-B1基因缺失等优异品质材料,筛选出了含有 Rht-D1b矮秆基因以及 Lr34和 Lr46抗叶锈基因的材料。利用澳大利亚小麦种质为改良亲本,与黄淮麦区表现突出的小麦品种配制三交或四交组合,按常规系谱方法对优良性状进行定向选择,培育出了综合农艺性状表现好、品质表现突出的小麦新品系。  相似文献   

5.
This work assessed intracultivar variability for salt tolerance within Panicum coloratum cv. Klein, explored some physiological parameters potentially associated with it and evaluated the contribution of cell division and expansion to the decreased leaf length observed under salinity. Individual plants that had survived severe stress environments in an established pasture were collected and clonal families were obtained by vegetative propagation. These were evaluated in a greenhouse, in pots with an inert substrate irrigated with nutrient solution containing 0, 200 or 400 mm NaCl. Salt tolerance was assessed from growth variables expressed as a percentage of non‐salinized controls. Changes induced by salinity in carbon fixation, soluble sugars and compatible solutes were also measured. The selected plants showed 33% higher salt tolerance than plants from the same cultivar obtained from seeds, and variability for salt tolerance was detected within the group, suggesting these plants could be valuable germplasm for breeding programmes for saline areas. All selected plants accumulated low leaf blade Na concentrations (< 0·1 mm  g?1 dry weight on average), and K concentrations tended to remain high under salinity. A kinematic analysis indicated a reduction in the number of cells in the division‐only zone was the main cause of shorter leaves under stress. Although plants showed some differences in all these traits, they were not related to salt‐tolerance variability within this group of stress‐tolerant plants.  相似文献   

6.
CIMMYT小麦种质农艺及品质性状分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为给黄淮南片冬麦区小麦育种提供种质信息,将1 328份CIMMYT国际面包小麦观察圃(IBWSN)的种质于2011-2015年度种植于黄淮南片冬麦区的新乡,调查了42nd ～46th国际面包小麦观察圃种质的主要农艺性状和抗病性,分析了45th国际面包小麦观察圃种质的品质表现及优质亚基基因状况。结果表明,CIMMYT国际面包小麦观察圃种质均表现为春性,综合农艺性状差;株高不低于80 cm,大多数（84.6%）在90～110 cm之间;千粒重高于45.0 g和50.0 g的比例分别为28.4%和10.0%。CIMMYT国际面包小麦观察圃种质的花期与黄淮南片冬麦区品种一致,多数小麦种质白粉病发生比较轻。45th国际面包小麦观察圃种质的湿面筋含量为23.6%～41.6%,其中,13.2%的小麦种质湿面筋含量大于35.0%,40.8%的小麦种质湿面筋指数不低于80.0%;49.7%的小麦种质携带Dx5+Dy10基因,3.0%的小麦种质携带Bx7OE 基因;有 10个小麦种质含有优质5+10亚基及7超量表达亚基,可作为优质亲本改良黄淮南片冬麦区高产品种。  相似文献   

7.
A pea breeding strategy is required to cope with the large climatic variation featuring south-European environments. Thirty-seven recent cultivars bred by 21 European or Australian institutions were grown in two climatically contrasting Italian sites (Lodi, subcontinental; Foggia, Mediterranean), two cropping years per site and two sowing times per year, to define various elements of this strategy. The study assessed: (i) the impact of genotype × environment (GE) interaction due to spatial and temporal factors on the consistency of top-yielding cultivars; (ii) the similarity between environments for GE effects and its implications on adaptation strategies; (iii) the extent of genotypic and GE interaction effects, and the relationship with adaptive responses, for various morphophysiological traits; (iv) the adaptation pattern and the combination of adaptive traits featuring three germplasm types, i.e. European spring and winter types, and germplasm selected in Mediterranean environments; (v) the predicted efficiency of direct and indirect selection procedures for grain yield. The geoclimatic area had a major impact on crop yield (5.15 t/ha in Lodi vs. 2.52 t/ha in Foggia) but tended to affect GE interaction less than time or year of autumn sowing, suggesting to breed for wide adaptation. Top-yielding cultivars as modeled by additive main effects and multiplicative interaction were environment-specific. On average, spring and winter materials outyielded the Mediterranean germplasm but the spring type, characterized by wide entry variation, included most widely- and specifically-adapted top-yielding cultivars. Cold-tolerant spring-type germplasm is preferable to breed for wide adaptation as it may combine high yield potential with adaptation to winter cold and terminal drought and heat stress. Lodging susceptibility, harvest index, onset and duration of flowering, and canopy height at maturity assessed in individual environments showed moderate to fairly high broad-sense heritability on a plot basis (h2 > 0.20) and tended to correlation with yield over test environments (r ≥ 0.20). An indirect selection index including harvest index and canopy height exhibited about 20% greater predicted efficiency than direct selection for yield when using one selection environment and could be preferred for early selection stages. Direct yield selection in late selection stages should ideally be performed across 2 years in two environments that contrast for geoclimatic area and time of autumn sowing.  相似文献   

8.
Perennial forage legumes may be pivotal for improving the sustainability of Mediterranean rainfed farming systems. This study summarizes the outcomes of a study aimed at characterizing morphological and agronomic traits of new germplasm of Bituminaria bituminosa and B. morisiana in Mediterranean environments. Five B. morisiana and three B. bituminosa native populations were evaluated in a small‐plot field experiment in Sardinia (Italy) and compared with seven Spanish accessions of B. bituminosa. The two Bituminaria species differed greatly in morphological traits and the beginning of the flowering stage, and remarkable variations between species were found for forage production and its seasonal distribution, seed yield and persistence. Average cumulative dry‐matter yield was higher in B. bituminosa than in B. morisiana (+7.6%; 297 vs. 276 g per plant). Average 3‐year seed production varied greatly between accessions (from 0.3 to 141 g per plant). Differences for these traits were also found between Sardinian and Spanish germplasm of B. bituminosa. Four clusters were generated by K‐means clustering. Accessions included in cluster III exhibited a positive combination of favourable forage production, high seed yield and satisfactory persistence. Nonetheless, the cluster analysis did not highlight a sharp discrimination between Bituminaria species. The overall results revealed the potential role of Sardinian accessions of B. bituminosa and B. morisiana in extending the forage season and for increased resilience of grasslands in Sardinia and other Mediterranean regions under rainfed conditions.  相似文献   

9.
White lupin requires grain yield improvement to realize its potential as a high-protein grain crop. Some 121 entries representing 13 germplasm pools (11 landrace pools from European countries and from regions of North and East Africa, West Asia and Atlantic islands, and one winter-type and one spring-type variety pools) were evaluated in three major agroclimatic conditions, i.e., Mediterranean and subcontinental climate in Italy under autumn sowing and suboceanic climate in France under spring sowing, with the aim to assess: (i) the variation among and within germplasm pools for grain yield and 13 major morphophysiological traits; (ii) the impact of evaluation environments on entry characteristics; and (iii) the relation of wide- and specific-adaptation responses with morphophysiological traits. Indications on top-yielding genetic resources, entry morphophysiological traits and association of these traits with grain yield were largely environment-specific. Germplasm pools summarized a fairly high portion of genotypic and genotype × environment (GE) interaction variation, indicating their usefulness as a criterion for locating genetic resources with specific characteristics. Adaptive responses of germplasm pools and individual entries, modeled through Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction analysis, highlighted the outstanding agronomic value for specific agroclimatic conditions of a few landrace germplasm pools in comparison with variety pools. Overall within-pool diversity for morphophysiological traits and adaptive response was largest in the landrace pools from Italy, Turkey, East Africa and West Asia. Only flowering time and individual seed weight exhibited high genetic correlations between environments for entry response, suggesting caution in inferring accession characteristics from evaluation data obtained in environments very different from those targeted by possible germplasm users. Optimal flowering time was early in the spring-sown environment, intermediate in the Mediterranean environment, and late (associated with winter survival) in the subcontinental-climate environment. Owing to the association of phenology with several other traits, germplasm ordination for adaptation pattern and for overall morphophysiological variation were very similar. Pod fertility emerged among the seed yield components because of its correlation with grain yield in each environment combined with fairly low GE interaction. Beside contributing to the ecogeographic classification of landrace germplasm, our results can support breeding programs of Europe and Mediterranean-climate regions in defining useful genetic resources, adaptation strategies and adaptive traits. Genetic resources from Madeira & Canaries (high-yielding across environments), Italy (featuring high adaptive and morphophysiological diversity) and a few other regions are of special interest for breeding in targeted definite agroclimatic conditions.  相似文献   

10.
为了拓宽玉米种质资源遗传基础,了解玉米种质资源表型性状遗传多样性水平,选择205份玉米种质资源的23个表型性状,利用变异系数、遗传多样性指数及多种分析方法,结合F值综合评价玉米种质资源。结果表明,大多数种质资源花丝色及花药色均为黄绿色,株型中间型,轴色浅红色,穗型筒形,粒型硬粒型,子粒形状中间形,粒色浅黄。穗长的遗传多样性指数H''最大,穗行数的H''最小;粗蛋白质含量和粗脂肪含量的H''相同,总淀粉含量的H''最小。15个数量性状和3个品质性状之间呈现显著或极显著正相关,千粒重与穗行数呈极显著负相关,各数量性状间相互联系又相互制约。通过聚类分析,205份资源被划分为3大类群。通过综合得分F值筛选出10份优异玉米种质,可作为优良的种质资源创新材料和遗传育种的亲本来源。  相似文献   

11.
小黑麦是近代创建的禾本科新作物,具有生物量大、抗逆性好等特点,适宜农牧结合区种植。为明确小黑麦重要性状的改良潜力并为粮饲兼用型小黑麦杂交育种提供依据,以我国的冬性小黑麦兰小黑和CIMMYT的春性小黑麦CM-12、CM-13及其构建的三个杂交F1、F2群体为材料,对苗相、株高、单株穗数、穗长、小穗数、叶片特性、茎秆特性等重要农艺性状进行田间考察,分析各性状的配合力,并计算3个F2群体各个性状的遗传变异系数、遗传力等参数,以探索各重要性状的改良潜力。结果表明,冬性与春性小黑麦的杂交群体比春性与春性杂交群体具有较高的变异系数和遗传力;小黑麦的穗颈长、旗叶宽、旗叶长等性状遗传力较高,变异系数较大,利用分离群体对这些性状进行遗传选择的潜力较大,具有可行性。  相似文献   

12.
为挖掘与小麦产量性状的相关等位变异及给分子标记辅助育种提供参考,选取SSR与SNP标记对52个黄淮麦区品种(系)材料进行全基因组扫描,对株高、穗长、单株穗数、可育小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重等6个重要产量性状进行标记,并进行遗传多样性、群体遗传结构与全基因组关联定位等分析。结果表明,供试群体可被划分为4个亚群,5种环境间所测产量性状差异均达到0.05显著水平,且穗长和单株穂数的变异系数最大。利用Powermarker进行标记遗传多样性分析,共检测到899个等位变异,平均等位变异丰富度为3.625,遗传多样性指数平均值为0.586,多态性信息含量(PIC)平均值为0.510。利用Tassel的MLM(Q+K)模型关联得到与产量显著关联的分子标记共13个(6个SSRs和7个SNPs),这些与产量相关性状的优异等位变异可为发掘和利用小麦育种优良基因提供依据,并为今后的遗传育种工作提供参考。  相似文献   

13.
鹧鸪茶是具有海南地方和民族特色的代茶饮料植物和药用植物,已开发成为广受欢迎的特色旅游产品,但大规模的人为无序开发对野生资源造成了极大的破坏。通过对海南野生鹧鸪茶进行资源调查、收集保存和保护利用等研究,结果表明：在海南全省10个市县共13个调查地点中,仅2个地点的野生鹧鸪茶基本未受到人工影响,其余地点的野生植株长势较弱,人为破坏较严重,部分生境已受到人工开垦的影响;先后收集保存285份鹧鸪茶种质资源,并在异地建设种质资源圃安全保存;对收集保存的285份资源进行5个描述性状和6个数值性状的植物学鉴定评价,其中描述性状的多样性指数的变化范围为0.69~1.74,数值性状的多样性指数的变化范围为1.93~2.11,说明收集保存的鹧鸪茶种质具有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究可为人工培育优良鹧鸪茶无性品系提供了资源基础和评价数据。  相似文献   

14.
Leymus chinensis is an economically and ecologically important grass that is widely distributed across eastern areas of the Eurasian steppe. A better knowledge of genetic diversity of L. chinensis could be valuable in the efficient utilization, conservation and management of germplasm collections. Genetic diversity in thirty‐seven morphological characters of 293 accessions was assessed in three successive years. Based on these qualitative and quantitative characters, the genetic diversity indices (Shannon indices) of traits and geographical populations were estimated, and a principal coordinates analysis and a path analysis were undertaken. Compared with the yellow‐green type of L. chinensis, the grey‐green type had significantly (P < 0·05) more genetic diversity. In addition, the path analysis suggested that the combined effects of genetic diversity and vegetative traits could explain 0·206 of the total variance in plant reproductive traits. The highest Shannon genetic diversity index of accessions (H = 2·252) was observed in accessions from the region of longitude of 124–128°E, suggesting the most abundant germplasm of L. chinensis in this region.  相似文献   

15.
Improving drought tolerance has always been an important objective in many crop improvement programs and is becoming more important as one way of adapting crops to climate changes. However, due to its complexity, the genetic mechanisms underlying the expression of drought tolerance in plants are poorly understood and this trait is difficult to characterize and quantify. This study assessed the importance of the wild progenitor of cultivated barley, Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch, in contributing developmental and yield-related traits associated with drought tolerance and therefore its usefulness in breeding for improved adaptation to drought stress conditions. Fifty-seven fixed barley lines derived from crosses with two H. spontaneum lines (41-1 and 41-5) were evaluated in Mediterranean low rainfall environments with 10 improved varieties and three landraces for grain yield, developmental and agronomic traits. The study was conducted for three years (2004–2006) in a total of nine environments (location–year combinations), eight in Syria and one in Jordan, which were eventually reduced to seven due to a large error variance in two of them. There was significant genetic variation among the genotypes for most of the traits measured, as well as differential responses of genotypes across environments. Traits such as peduncle length, peduncle extrusion and plant height were positively correlated with grain yield in the dry environments. Differences in phenology were small and not significantly correlated with differences in grain yield under stress. Performances at the three highest yielding environments were much more closely correlated than those at the four stress environments. The GGE biplot analysis allowed identification of genotypes consistently best adapted to the lowest yielding environments and confirmed the existence of unique environments for identifying better adapted genotypes in the low rainfall environments of Syria. The top yielding lines in the driest of the seven environments derived mostly from crosses with H. spontaneum 41-1, while most of the improved varieties showed a positive genotype by environment (GE) interaction with the highest yielding environments. The results of the field experiments indicated that there was variation for grain yield under drought stress among barley genotypes, and that some of the lines derived from H. spontaneum had consistently superior specific adaptation to the range of severe stress conditions used in this study. The usefulness of H. spontaneum in breeding programs for stress conditions is likely to increase in view of the predicted increase in the occurrence of high temperatures and droughts.  相似文献   

16.
A comparison was made of landrace vs. variety inter‐ and intra‐population genetic variation for leaf:stem ratio in lucerne and investigated its relationship with forage yield and other characters. Very early‐flowering genotypes were excluded from the assessment to limit the impact of maturity stage on the variation in leaf:stem ratio. The evaluation was performed on a summer harvest of 390 genotypes belonging to ten landraces from northern Italy and to six well‐performing varieties, and on nineteen clones of a single genotype which were used to estimate the environmental variance. Landrace and variety groups did not differ in mean leaf:stem ratio. Variation for this trait was significant among varieties (P < 0·05) but not among landraces. Within‐population variation was significant for both germplasm groups (P < 0·01), being somewhat larger in landraces. The estimated within‐population variance component largely exceeded the among‐population variance component within varieties. Higher leaf:stem ratios were mainly associated with shorter and thinner main stems in genotypes and populations, and showed a modest inverse correlation with forage yield. The results highlight the importance of landrace germplasm and the paramount importance of selection within populations to identify parent material with a high leaf:stem ratio.  相似文献   

17.
CIMMYT hexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm has played a global role in assisting wheat improvement. This study evaluated four classes of CIMMYT germplasm (encompassing a total of 273 lines), along with 15 Australian cultivars (Oz lines) for grain yield, yield components and physiological traits in up to 27 environments in Australia's north-eastern region, where terminal drought frequently reduces grain yield and grain size.Broadly-adapted CIMMYT germplasm selected for grain yield had greater yield potential and improved performance under drought stress, being up to 5% greater yielding in High-yielding (mean yield 429 g m−2) and 4-10% greater yielding than adapted Oz lines in Low-yielding environments (mean yield 185 g m−2). Whilst maintaining statistically similar harvest index and spikes m−2 compared to broadly-adapted Oz lines across all environments, sets of selected CIMMYT lines had greater canopy temperature depression (0.18-0.27 °C), dry weight stem−1 (0.20-0.37 g), increased grains spike−1 (0.8-3.4 grains), grain number m−2 (ca. 20-800 grains), and maturity biomass (56-83 g m−2). Compared to selected Oz lines, broadly-adapted CIMMYT lines had a smaller reduction in Low compared to High-yielding environments for these traits, especially dry weight stem−1, such that CIMMYT lines had ca. 25% and 10% greater dry weight stem−1 than the Oz lines in Low- and High-yielding environment groups, respectively. Broadly-adapted CIMMYT germplasm also had slightly higher stem water soluble carbohydrate concentration at anthesis (ca. 6 mg g−1), which contributed to their higher grain weight (ca. 0.5 mg grain−1), and maintained an agronomically appropriate time to anthesis and plant height. Thus current CIMMYT germplasm should be useful donor sources of traits to enrich breeding programs targeting variable production environments where there is a high probability of water deficit during grain filling. However, as multiple traits were important, efficient introgression of these traits in breeding programs will be complex.  相似文献   

18.
In Europe, the decline in agriculture in traditional mountain farming areas has caused abandonment, or irregular grazing, of less accessible pastures. In the Italian Alps, we studied plant diversity, forage value and trophic traits in six large‐scale heterogeneously grazed Nardus pastures, in their central and peripheral parts, and across the montane, lower and upper subalpine zones. Seventy cover‐abundance floristic relevés were performed in randomly located permanent plots, half at the pasture edge (M‐plots) and half in their central part (C‐plots). Plant diversity varied significantly with respect to the distance from the edge, being higher in M‐plots because of shrub invasion as a consequence of reduced cattle pressure. Nardus cover was slightly higher in C‐plots and negatively related to plant diversity. Forage value was lower in M‐plots and negatively correlated with the cover of Nardus and woody species, implying that different grazing pressure was negatively influencing sward productivity. Differences in trophic traits of swards between C‐ and M‐plots existed mostly as trends. Forage value significantly decreased in the lower subalpine and montane pastures, which are further grazed in late summer. Heterogeneous grazing management was therefore exerting positive effects on plant diversity and negative effects on forage value. Results are discussed in the context of future management recommendations.  相似文献   

19.
Abstract

Genetic variation is the basis for meaningful selection; thus, the use of locations that discriminate or result in greater variation among genotypes, for a trait or trait package should promote accurate selection of superior genotypes. The objectives of this study were to quantify the gains by selection in discriminating locations using superior parents for single or multiple-trait populations. GGEbiplot software was used to identify two levels (high and low) of discriminating locations for each of three distinct populations of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Populations were obtained by crossing parents recommended by a least squares means analysis for each population criteria, which included parents/populations selected for: (a) lint yield; (b) fiber micronaire, length, strength, uniformity, and elongation; and (c) lint yield, lint percent, fiber micronaire, length, and strength. F2 plants in 2003 and F2:3 plants in 2004 were planted in the high and low discriminating locations for each selection criteria. Heritability estimates (h2) were calculated by regressing the F2:3 plants on their F2 parents. Genotypic variance was greater among F2:3 progeny in discriminating environments compared with non-discriminating environments, regardless of population criteria. Heritability was greater in the population containing fiber traits compared with yield. The results of this study suggest that using discriminating locations during the selection phase of a breeding program can increase genotypic variance and enhance selection accuracy.  相似文献   

20.
Summary A joint Chilean, Italian, and United States potato (Solanum tuberosum) germplasm collecting expedition was conducted in the Guaitecas and Chonos Archipelagos, south of Chiloé Island, between March 4 – March 21, 1990. The expedition resulted in 30 collections ofSolanum tuberosum and 1 collection ofFragaria chiloensis L. Twenty-three of the potato collections were along the salt-water-swept shores of the islands. These beach populations, unlike the indigenous landraces in southern Chile, are self-perpetuating populations and provide useful new germplasm for researchers interested in the origin of cultivated potatoes and in the origin ofSolanum tuberosum in Chile.  相似文献   

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