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1.
鲫鱼是福建省漳州地区的传 统养殖品种,特别是近来年推广 养殖彭泽鲫鱼,养殖周期由原来 的一年半至二年缩短到现在的一年。其主要措施之一是投放早春 繁殖的当年苗或秋季繁殖的越冬 鱼种,因此,养殖户除需要早春苗 外还需要秋季繁殖的鲫鱼苗。为 了适应生产的需要,近年来,我们 除了抓好早春繁殖鲤鲫苗外,还 在秋季进行彭泽鲫人工繁殖,并 获得大批量的鱼苗。现将主要技 术总结如下: 一、材料与方法 1.亲鱼 选择当年春夏季已 产卵繁殖过、个体在400克以上 健壮的亲鱼。 2.亲鱼培育 为了使春夏季 已产过卵的彭泽鲫鱼在秋季再…  相似文献   

2.
网箱饲养大黄鱼性早熟的调查研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
于2000年12月调查了福清地区网箱饲养6月龄大黄鱼的性腺发育状况。结果表明:样本中性腺发育处于生殖细胞增殖期(Ⅰ期)的占51.63%;精巢发育处于Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期的雄鱼分别占样本总数的7.2%、9.2%和1.3%;卵巢发育处于Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期的雌鱼分别占样本总数19.6%、9.2%和2.0%。在性成熟系数方面,与1987年的资料相比,有较大程度的提高。调查结果显示,网箱饲养的大黄鱼初次性成熟个体有明显的小型化趋势;性腺的发育影响了大黄鱼的生长性能;人工饲养的大黄鱼出现性早熟现象与培养殖技术不够规范有关。  相似文献   

3.
作者于1996的在简阳市进行了南方大口鲶秋繁试验,经100天培育,催产繁殖,获受精率90.4%,出苗率80.5%的结果,强化培育春季人工繁殖过的亲鱼,改用新催产药物,提供适宜催产条件,可成功进行秋季繁殖。  相似文献   

4.
亲鱼春季强化培育四要点亲鱼经过越冬后,多数较瘦弱,为防止亲鱼性腺发育停止,甚至吸收退化,抓住春季有利时机,进行强化培育,尽快恢复体质,促进其顺利产卵,必须注意以下四要点:一要狠抓一个“早”字。亲鱼越冬后,水温在5—10℃,就要及早根据亲鱼的性腺发育情...  相似文献   

5.
在大黄鱼、黑鲷亲鱼培育阶段采用营养强化、控制雌雄比例和培育密度、改善培育环境等手段,可有效提高亲鱼培育存活率、尾产卵量及卵子受精率。其中大黄鱼平均培育成活率89.狲尾产卵量8.7万粒,受精率92.5%;黑鲷平均培育成活率92.4%,尾产卵量6.4万粒,受精率90.7%。  相似文献   

6.
自从皱纹盘鲍入工高密度育苗工艺形成以来,多数育苗单位均选在每年的春季育苗。这样,当年苗长到秋季基本达到Icm。由于个体规格小,若直接投放到海上,其成活率往往较低,故从九十年代以来本所的当年鲍苗均在室内以升温水越冬,至次年达到1.5~Zcm再投到海上吊养。本实验从下海时间的选择、饲养密度的确定以及最佳饲养水层三个方面着手,论证出最合理的管理模式。实验器材:从日本引进并加以改造的三段笼。实验对象:1993年4月份培育的鲍苗。实验方法:一、下海时间的选择1.当年苗于秋季下海:选择1993年4月份有的鲍苗于10月开始下海,…  相似文献   

7.
急性病毒性坏死病毒已被证实为是一种对养殖栉孔扇贝危害极大的病原体,探讨其传播途径是防控扇贝“大规模死亡症”的前提之一。将亲贝各放在一独立育苗水体内产卵、孵化,并进行幼虫培育。通过春季和秋季室内人工育苗,从40个独立育苗水体中,采获亲贝、卵各23个家系样品,受精卵、D形幼虫、壳顶幼虫各12个家系样品,眼点幼虫2个家系样品。采用间接ELISA法、间接免疫荧光技术和电子显微镜技术对亲贝、卵和发育各期的幼虫进行定性和定位的检测。结果发现,栉孔扇贝的性腺组织中存在病毒粒子,而卵、受精卵及各期发育幼虫体内均未检测到病毒。由此可以判断:AVNV可以感染栉孔扇贝的性腺,但并不存在卵内垂直传播的可能性。  相似文献   

8.
蟹种的性早熟是指当年生产的蟹种中有一部分个体较大,通常规格在20克以上,其性腺已发育成熟。上海朱文祥(1990)指出,当年蟹种培育中存在性早熟现象,池塘培育的蟹种,当年大约有20%左右的蟹种达到性早熟。据湖北徐兴川(1994)报道,用性早熟的蟹种养殖商品蟹,死亡...  相似文献   

9.
斑点叉尾hui网箱养殖高产技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
进行了斑点叉尾Hui鱼苗池塘强化培育,网箱养成鱼种、鱼种网箱越冬和商品鱼网箱养殖试验。Hui鱼苗网箱培育当年个体重达22.98g,网箱越冬成活率94.2%,网箱养商品Hui净产51.3kg/m^3,个体均重341.9g,饲料系数1.70。  相似文献   

10.
通过大黄鱼大个体人工选择育种,显微观察测量三十二天的生长数据。选育组(XY)在个体大小和生长率上都有一定的优势。其中,选育组的卵径和油球径都略大于对照组(PT)。经三十一天的室内培育后,选育组平均体长14.190±2.452mm高于对照组的13.240±2.537mm,但差异不显著(P0.95〉0.05)。造成差异不显著可能是由于数量性状遗传受环境、基因表达、基因频率和选择误差等影响。因此要通过不断的选择淘汰个体体型较小的个体,从而获得基因频率稳定的大个体养殖后代。本研究的主要目的是为大黄鱼的R代选育提供E代亲本。  相似文献   

11.
黄海中部小黄鱼的食物组成和摄食习性的季节变化   总被引:21,自引:6,他引:21       下载免费PDF全文
根据2001年3月至2002年1月在黄海中部海域进行的4个季节的定点底拖网调查,应用聚类分析、单因素方差分析和列联表检验等方法,对小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis Bleeker)的食物组成和摄食的季节变化进行研究.结果表明,小黄鱼摄食的饵料种类有30余种,甲壳类(磷虾类和虾类)和鱼类是其主要的饵料类群,二者在食物中所占的重量百分比之和为97.45%.优势饵料种类有太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifica)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)、细螯虾(Leptochela gracilis)和赤鼻棱鳀(Thryssa kammalensis).小黄鱼的摄食强度有显著的季节变化,秋季最高,春季和冬季较低.食物组成也随季节的不同而有所变化,夏季主要以虾类为食,其它季节则主要以磷虾类为食.聚类分析的结果表明,小黄鱼春、夏季的食物组成与秋、冬季相比,存在较大差异.通过与历史资料进行比较发现,黄海小黄鱼的食物组成发生了较大的变化,其中鳀鱼(Engraulis japonicus)在食物中所占的比例有明显的下降.  相似文献   

12.
基于生长和死亡参数变化的官井洋大黄鱼资源现状分析   总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7  
依据2010—2011年福建官井洋水域渔业资源监测调查资料,对2 098尾大黄鱼的体长、体质量、生长、性腺进行测定。据此,利用von Bertalanffy生长方程和死亡参数分析官井洋大黄鱼资源现状,并讨论了拐点年龄,临界年龄等渔业生物学特征。结果表明,目前官井洋大黄鱼平均体长132.6 mm,优势体长组为110~150 mm,占55.96%;平均体质量45.1 g,优势体质量组为10~50 g,占61.77%,大黄鱼幼鱼和补充群体已成为渔业生产的主要捕捞对象。大黄鱼体长—体质量间的关系式为W=2.001×10-5L3.006。用ELEFAN技术拟合的von Bertalanffy生长方程参数分别为L∞=385.4 mm、k=0.43及t0=-0.32a,拐点年龄为2.2龄。对照20世纪80年代福建近海海域大黄鱼群体L∞值从555.4 mm下降到现在的385.4 mm,拐点年龄由2.97下降到2.2,均表明当今大黄鱼群体小型化且低龄化严重。生长系数k由0.36增长到0.43表明大黄鱼的生长速度加快。总死亡系数(Z)为3.12,自然死亡系数(M)为0.45,捕捞死亡系数(F)为2.67,资源开发率(E)为0.856。大黄鱼M值出现上升,可能与福建近海环境质量下降有关,而高强度的捕捞促使大黄鱼捕捞死亡系数由0.84上升到2.67,说明大黄鱼资源已经处于过度开发状态。在官井洋大黄鱼现行资源状态下,应努力降低捕捞死亡水平,保护大黄鱼生存环境,而对目前以小型化和低龄化为主的大黄鱼群体,建议以控制大黄鱼的开捕年龄(t0)为主。  相似文献   

13.
渤海小黄鱼摄食习性   总被引:5,自引:5,他引:0  
根据2009年8月至2011年5月4个航次渤海底拖网调查所获得的样品,采用胃含物分析法、K-W检验和聚类分析等方法,对38~218 mm体长范围小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)的摄食习性及其随体长、季节的变化进行了研究,并探讨了小黄鱼摄食随海域和年际的时空变化。结果表明:渤海小黄鱼摄食的饵料有40余种,主要以鱼类、虾类和浮游动物为食,优势饵料种类为六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys heaema)、日本鼓虾(Alpheus japonicus)、太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifia)、长额刺糠虾(Acanthomysis longirostris)和中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)。渤海小黄鱼在春夏秋这三个季节中,春季的摄食强度最低,夏季和秋季的摄食强度都较高,不同的是夏季摄食率更高,而秋季的摄食量更高。随着体长的增大,渤海小黄鱼的摄食策略发生了相应的变化。从摄食强度分析,在体长较小时,胃饱满指数低,小黄鱼通过高摄食率来提高摄食强度;随着体长的增加,通过高胃饱满指数来提高摄食强度。从摄食的饵料个体分析,小黄鱼采取了随着体长增加摄食饵料个数减少,饵料个体增大的摄食策略。从摄食的饵料组成分析,小黄鱼随着体长增加发生了显著的食性转换现象:体长小于60 mm属浮游动物食性;体长60~99 mm时,属混合动物食性;体长100~119 mm时,属虾食性;体长超过120 mm,包括了虾/鱼食性和鱼食性。小黄鱼摄食的时空变化与环境中优势饵料生物的数量波动密切相关。  相似文献   

14.
浙北沿岸大黄鱼放流增殖的初步研究   总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9  
为了恢复浙江渔场大黄鱼资源,1998—2002年,浙江省在浙江北部沿岸海域进行了大黄鱼增殖放流可行性研究。通过5年来的放流试验表明,在浙北沿岸进行大黄鱼放流是完全可行的,放流鱼能够在放流区域附近海域存活、生长,并进行索饵、产卵洄游,同时形成了一定数量的捕捞群体,放流鱼回捕率较高,放流效果较好。文章对试验放流过程中出现的问题进行了探讨和分析,为今后进一步大规模放流提出了建议。  相似文献   

15.
对夏秋季黄海南部、东海北部海域的小黄鱼和浮游动物的数量分布及其它们之间的关系进行了研究,结果表明:夏秋季节,黄海南部、东海北部小黄鱼主要出现在大沙、江外、吕四和沙外渔场,夏季最高生物量分布区出现在长江口和江外渔场交界处的31°30′N、125°00′E海域,秋季最高生物量分布区出现在大沙和沙外渔场交界处的32°30′N、125°00′E海域。2个季节浮游动物优势种的组成主要以浮游甲壳动物、浮游幼体以及毛颚类动物为主。浮游动物有2个密集分布区:一个在近岸一侧123°00′E经度线附近,夏季呈南北方向分布,秋季呈西北-东南走向;另一个在32°00′N、125°00′E附近海域。从夏季到秋季,浮游动物优势种的组成有了较大的更替,优势种的范围更加扩大;夏季占绝对优势的中华哲水蚤到秋季已经不在优势种之列。夏秋季小黄鱼主要分布区与浮游动物的高密度分布区存在着良好的对应关系。夏季小黄鱼和其他浮游食性鱼类的强烈的摄食影响可能造成了秋季浮游动物丰度的急剧下降。小黄鱼主要分布区内饵料浮游动物优势种的季节变化可能对其食物选择的变化有重要的影响。  相似文献   

16.
大黄鱼升温育苗技术的初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文结合笔者1997年春天的育苗试验,就大黄鱼升温育苗的技术,发展前景等问题进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

17.
The brown shrimp, Crangon crangon, is the most important target of the coastal crustacean fisheries in the German Bight. In order to evaluate the relation between the abundance of ovigerous females and larvae in spring and the recruitment success in autumn, we first analysed the seasonal appearance of ovigerous females and larvae from weekly samples throughout 2012. The spawning season in the German Bight extends over several months comprising multiple unsynchronized spawning events. The minimum shares of ovigerous females appeared in early autumn, and the highest shares in late winter bearing mostly early egg stages. We defined the putative start of the reproductive cycle for November when the frequency of ovigerous females started to increase. There was no distinct separation between winter and summer eggs, but a continuous transition between large eggs spawned in winter (the early spawning season) and batches of smaller eggs in spring and summer. Larval densities peaked in April/May. Consequently, regular annual larval surveys from 2013 to 2016 were scheduled for April/May and extended to six transects covering the inner German Bight. Ovigerous females were most abundant in shallow waters above the 20‐m isobaths, which also explained regional differences in abundance between the regions off North Frisia and East Frisia. No relation was obvious between the number of larvae in spring and recruited stock in autumn. Due to the short lifespan of C. crangon, the combination of various abiotic factors and predator presence seems to be the principal parameters controlling stock size.  相似文献   

18.
The reproductive cycle and batch fecundity of yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis were examined in 981 specimens (286 males, 695 females) caught from waters around Mokpo, Busan, and Jeju-do (Korea) between February 2008 and January 2009. Males and females with ripe-stage gonads were collected between April and June, at which time the mean gonadosomatic indices were also high, indicating that the spawning season of yellow croaker around the waters off southern Korea occurs from April to June. Degenerating postovulatory follicles as well as oocytes in the migratory-nucleus stage or hydrated stage were found in ripe-stage gonads, suggesting that this species can spawn repeatedly in a season. Batch fecundity in 45 females with migratory-nucleus or hydrated oocytes ranged from 19,396 to 106,311 eggs in fish varying from 20.0 to 26.7 cm in total length and was found to be positively related to total length and body weight. Our findings should assist in implementing a proper stock assessment of yellow croaker around the waters off Korea.  相似文献   

19.
Detecting and analyzing patterns of distribution shifts and range expansion/contraction is important to understand population dynamics and changes in stock status. Here, we develop a spatio‐temporal model for yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis), which was fitted to bottom trawl survey biomass data collected in the Yellow Sea in the winter of 2001–2017. The model accounts for both spatial and spatio‐temporal structure and can potentially include the effects of surface temperature and of an annual index, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, represented using a recently developed spatially varying coefficient model. We selected a spatio‐temporal model with no covariates based on Akaike's information criterion. The center of gravity for yellow croaker was found to move northwest between 2001 and 2010, and then southwest over the period 2010–2017. These results reflected the predicted progressive disappearance of yellow croaker density hotspots (i.e., highest density areas) in the north and southeast areas of the Yellow Sea, which resulted in the central area of the Yellow Sea becoming the only yellow croaker density hotspot in 2017. This finding has important implications for fisheries management in the context of the China–South Korea fisheries agreement, as it indicates a measurable displacement of yellow croaker biomass toward China. The exclusion of covariates from the spatio‐temporal model was not expected a priori and may be due to the facts that environmental variations are not pronounced in winter in the Yellow Sea and that the representation of spatial and spatio‐temporal structure in spatio‐temporal models accounts for a large proportion of the variability in the data.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT:   The reproductive traits and the monthly larval abundance of the mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria were investigated in Tokyo Bay, Japan, in 2002. The goal of the study was to elucidate the cause of changes in the monthly pattern of larval abundance from the 1980s to the 1990s as these changes relate to variation in the stock size of the adult shrimp. Oogenesis was divided into 10 stages by histological observation. The developmental stage of oocytes in an individual's ovary was synchronous, suggesting that almost all the oocytes in an ovary are spawned at the same time. The size at first maturity was estimated to be 7 ≤ body length ( BL ) < 8 cm. Fecundity was expressed as a function of BL , ranging from 19 300 eggs for 8 cm BL to 92 100 eggs for 14 cm BL . Small female shrimps (<10 cm BL ) spawned around August. Most large female shrimps (≥10 cm BL ) spawned around May, and some large female shrimps also spawned until September. Although most large female shrimps spawned in spring, the larval abundance was low before July and high from August onwards. The results suggest that a substantial decrease in the stock size of large individuals causes the low larval abundance before July.  相似文献   

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