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哈尔滨地区及西部垦区部分农场的不同饲料中碘的含量还未曾大规模系统地分析过，由于碘对动物有重要的意义，因此，对饲料的碘含量的分析非常重要。 相似文献
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自从1979年5月1日以来,维多利亚乳品工业局就要求所有乳品厂对供应乳中的碘含量进行检验。新近的要求是:各种供应乳均应在2、3、4、5、8和11月份各检验一次。对乳中碘超过500微克/升的供乳单位施以经济处罚,超过300μg/升者予以警告。 相似文献
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为探讨不同碘添加水平的日粮对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋碘含量的影响,将碘酸钙分别以0.35mg/kg、10mg/kg,20mg/kg、30mg/kg、40mg/kg和50mg/kg六种碘含量水平添加到蛋鸡基础日粮中,饲喂166日龄的海兰灰产蛋鸡4周,观察蛋鸡生产性能及第18d和第28d蛋碘含量的变化。结果表明:随日粮中碘添加水平的增加蛋鸡采食量呈现下降趋势,但产蛋率、鸡蛋重、鸡体重无显著影响(p0.05)。在试验的第18d和第28d,随着日粮中碘添加量的增加碘在鸡蛋中的沉积显著增加(p0.05),同一试验日内呈现幂指数关系。 相似文献
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市销食盐中碘含量的测定 《畜牧与饲料科学》2015,36(9):21-21
为了可持续预防和控制碘缺乏病,有效使用加碘盐,利用淀粉显色特征性反应,设计了检测市售食盐中碘元素的实验方案来探究加碘盐中碘的可能存在形式。对新疆乌鲁木齐市销的7种食盐中碘存在与否及碘含量进行了定性、定量分析,结果表明,7种加碘盐中新疆塔城地区和布克赛尔蒙古自治县宏大盐业有限公司的食盐碘含量最高;海藻碘盐中碘含量极微。 相似文献
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母猪生产瘫痪的病因及机理探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过饲料和血液分析发现生产瘫痪母猪饲料和血液中维生素D和碘含量均低于正常营养标准。临床用维生素D和碘对生产瘫痪母猪进行治疗，效果明显。这证实宁夏地区母猪生产瘫痪与碘和维生素D缺乏有关。 相似文献
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饲粮中添加高碘复合添加剂对牛奶产量及碘含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在奶牛品种、基础日粮和饲养管理相同的条件下，对胎次相同，产奶量差不多的9头奶牛分3组进行试验，在试验1组的基础日粮中按40mg/kg比例加入高碘复合添加剂，可提高牛奶中碘含量2．54倍，与对照组相比，产奶量增加3.9kg，在试验2组的基础日粮中按20mg/kg的比例加入高碘复合添加剂，可提高牛奶中碘含量1．61倍，与对照组相比，产奶量增加2．1kg。 相似文献
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以含Se0．2mg／kg、10．5mg／kg日粮（对照组），舍Se1．2mg／kg、150mg／kg日粮（试验Ⅰ组），含Se2．2mg／kg、Ⅰ100mg／kg日粮（试验Ⅱ组）分别饲喂产蛋母鸡8周，测定日粮硒碘水平对产蛋鸡血浆及蛋白、蛋黄硒碘含量的影响。相关性检验结果表明：日粮硒与血浆硒、蛋黄硒，血浆硒与蛋黄硒、蛋白硒，日粮碘与血浆碘、蛋黄碘，血浆碘与蛋黄碘均呈强正相关；提示产蛋母鸡是日粮中硒和碘向蛋中转运的良好载体。 相似文献
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饮高碘水对肉仔鸡生产性能及组织器官碘含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验用艾维茵肉仔鸡１２０只，随机分为４组，分别饮用每千克含碘量为１５ｍｇ，２５ｍｇ，４５ｍｇ和０ｍｇ的饮水，饮用３７ｄ。结果表明：不同的碘水平对肉鸡生产性能、器官发育均未产生不良影响。但高碘饮水组鸡的组织碘含量均显著高于对照组鸡。 相似文献
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The concentration of total iodine in colostrum and normal milk of cows and sows has been determined using a Technicon Autoanalyzer. In cows as well as in sows a lowering of the level of iodine in milk was observed during the first few days after parturition. At the first sampling within 8 hrs. after parturition the concentration of iodine in colostrum of cows from 2 herds was on average 3.4 and 2.4 μg/100 ml, respectively. Corresponding value for colostrum of the sows was 67 μg/100 ml. Based on informations about the composition of the food and daily food consumption it could be estimated that 0.5–1 and 20–45 % of the daily intake of iodine were secreted per 1 milk or colostrum of cows and sows, respectively. It can be concluded that the mammary gland of the sow has a considerably higher ability to concentrate iodine than that of the cow. Furthermore the concentration mechanism is more efficient immediately after parturition than at later stages of lactation. 相似文献
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低乳糖牛奶水解率的碘量法快速测定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以Willstarter和Schudel的醛糖测定方法（亦即碘量法）为依据，从乳糖水解反应的本质出发，提出并建立了一套快速测定低乳糖牛奶水解率的新方法。 相似文献
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AIM: To determine the effect of iodine supplementation on milk production and iodine concentrations in milk for pasture-fed, seasonally calving dairy cows. METHODS: The study was run over two consecutive seasons on the same dairy farm. In Trial One, 294 Friesian dairy cows were either untreated or injected intramuscularly three times with iodised oil (2,370 mg iodine/dose) at the start of lactation (Day 1) and at about 100-day intervals thereafter. Iodine concentrations in milk were determined prior to each injection on Days 1, 98 and 210, and milk, fat and protein yields measured on Days 43, 98, 176 and 238. In Trial Two, 234 Friesian dairy cows were either untreated or injected intramuscularly with iodised oil (2,370 mg iodine/dose) in early lactation (Day 1) and 99 days later. Iodine concentrations in milk were determined prior to treatment on Days 1, 55 and 161. Serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were determined in the latter two samples and milk, protein and fat yields were determined on Days 25, 119, 182 and 221. In both trials, pasture was sampled at 1- or 3-monthly intervals and iodine concentrations in herbage measured. RESULTS: Iodine concentrations in pasture averaged 0.24 mg/kg dry matter (DM) in both seasons and varied little over the experimental period. Iodine concentrations in milk from unsupplemented cows were <20 microg/L in both trials. Three iodine injections at about 100-day intervals increased iodine concentrations in milk to 58 microg/L for at least 98 days after each treatment. Two iodine injections at about 100-day intervals raised milk iodine concentrations to 160 microg/L and 211 microg/L at least 55 days after each treatment, but had no effect on serum thyroid hormone concentrations. Iodine supplementation had no significant effect on milk, milkfat or milk protein yield. CONCLUSIONS: Pastures in New Zealand that contained 0.24 mg iodine/kg DM appeared to provide an adequate iodine intake for dairy cows. Intramuscular injections of iodine resulted in significant increases in iodine concentrations in milk. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Increasing iodine concentrations in milk via intramuscular injection of iodine could provide a method for significantly increasing iodine intakes of humans, in particular, children. 相似文献
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Johner SA von Nida K Jahreis G Remer T 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2012,125(1-2):76-82
Cow's milk is one of the most important iodine providers in the human diet. The milk iodine content (MIC) is significantly determined by cattle feeding. The aim of the study was to investigate the longitudinal development of the MIC of German cow's milk during the last years and to assess the current contribution of milk consumption to the population's iodine supply. MIC was analysed by a Cer-Arsenit method after alkaline wet washing in 112 milk samples from nationwide available trademarks (eight samples each were purchased in June and December from 2004 onward to 2010 in the same food markets in the greater Dortmund area). We found an increasing trend of MIC until 2010 (p < 0.005).The mean MIC in 2004/05 was 97 +/- 32 microg/I, in 2009/10 it was 110 +/- 36 microg/l. This increase was only observable for conventionally (p = 0.0003), and not for organically produced milk (p = 0.6). The MIC of summer milk was about 22 microg/l lower than that of winter milk (p < 0.0001), however, seasonal variation was especially pronounced in organically produced milk. MIC of organically produced milk was in average about 54 microg/l lower than that of conventionally produced milk (p < 0.0001). Thus, the moderate increase of MIC to 110 microg/l on average contributes to the maintainence of the population's iodine supply, whereas the analysed maximum iodine contents of around 160 microg/l do not give reason to expect an excessive iodine intake, even in case of a high milk consumption. An appropriate iodine supplementation in foodstuff can be assumed. 相似文献
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Within the framework of investigations into the metabolism of Saxon dairy-cows, more than 3300 analyses of blood serum total iodine concentrations have been carried out between 1997 and 2003. The total iodine concentration proved as suitable parameter for the recognition of the iodine supply situation of the milk cows. While to first two years 28,5 % of the samples were rated below the recommended minimum level (0,04 mg/l), thus indicating deficiencies, the total iodine concentration then rose demonstrably, even indicating an oversupply in some herds (> or = 0,20 mg/l). The iodine concentration in 117 independently tested milk samples (official food monitoring) confirmed this situation. An adequate iodine supplementation in feedstuffs is of great significance for the bovine metabolism as well as for the iodine concentrations in milk and therefore the iodine intake of the population. Of the negative consequences of an uncritically excessive iodine supplement particularly for high milk-yield cows one warns. This can lead to precariously high iodine concentrations in milk and dairy products. Further tests of blood total iodine levels in dairy herds on selective animals as well as analysis 相似文献
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AIM: To establish a protocol for determining the iodine status of a flock and managing the risks of iodine deficiency, using thyroid-weight:birthweight ratios of newborn lambs and serum iodine concentrations of ewes. METHODS: Data were collected from iodine supplementation studies in Southland and Rangitikei, of sheep fed exclusively pasture or pasture plus brassica during the latter half of gestation (n=350, or 89 per treatment group). The ewes were supplemented pre-mating or at the time of pregnancy scanning with an injection of long-acting iodised oil. Serum iodine concentrations were measured in ewes prepartum in Rangitikei and postpartum at both locations. The thyroid-weight:birthweight ratios (as g/kg) in 229 newborn lambs were determined at post-mortem examination and compared between iodine supplemented vs unsupplemented flocks using probit analysis. Samples of pasture and kale were analysed monthly for determination of iodine and selenium. RESULTS: Initial mean serum iodine concentration of all ewes was 41 µg iodine/L. Supplementation increased serum iodine concentrations regardless of forage fed, and concentrations remained high for between 127 and 206 days. The range of thyroid-weight:birthweight ratios in lambs from supplemented ewes was 0.09–0.70 (mean 0.35, standard deviation (SD) 0.147) g/kg. Among lambs from unsupplemented ewes, the range was much wider (0.21–8.5; mean 1.61, SD 1.95 g/kg). About half of those ratios were >0.8 g/kg and clearly indicative of goitre, including 62% from the groups on brassica and 18% from the Rangitikei group fed exclusively pasture. Probit calculations showed that a ratio of 0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.29–0.47) g/kg predicted with 35% probability, and a ratio of 0.80 (95% CI=0.70–0.99) g/kg predicted with 90% probability that a lamb came from an unsupplemented flock. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to iodine concentrations in forages, thyroid-weight:birthweight ratios more accurately reflected the iodine status of the flock and could be used to identify which flocks to supplement the following year. Serum iodine concentrations of ewes measured before or after lambing did not reflect forage fed, but values near 40 µg/L were associated with goitrous lambs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Thyroid-weight:birthweight ratios >0.8 g/kg were indicative of iodine deficiency, and ewes should be supplemented pre-mating or during pregnancy to prevent goitre the following year. Ratios <0.4 g/kg rarely occurred among deficient flocks, so the probability of benefit from supplementation was low. Intermediate ratios were ambiguous, and the iodine status of the flock could not be determined from biomarkers. In such cases individual-farm supplementation trials might be required to detect and manage the risks of marginal deficiency. 相似文献
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Iodine, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are required for normal fetal growth, maturation, and neonatal survival. There is a lack of robust information on iodine levels found in colostrum, milk, and serum of mares and foals after a healthy pregnancy. Our objective was to characterize colostrum, milk, and serum iodine levels in healthy postpartum mares and foals (n = 10) and explore relationships with thyroid hormone concentrations. Colostrum, milk, and jugular blood samples from draft breed mares and foals with an estimated average iodine daily intake of 39 mg per mare during pregnancy were obtained at Day 0 (foaling date) and/or 10 days later. Parameters studied were (1) mare basal concentrations of serum: TT3, TT4, and iodine; (2) iodine in colostrum at Day 0 and milk iodine (Day 10); and (3) foal basal: TT3, TT4, and serum iodine (Days 0 and 10). Median ± median error colostrum iodine levels (165 ± 15.1 μg/L) were higher than milk (48 ± 5.6 μg/L; P = .007) levels. Median ± median error foal serum iodine (268.5 ± 7.6 μg/L), TT4 (1,225 ± 47.8 nmol/L), and TT3 (14.2 ± 1.1 nmol/L) at foaling date were higher than at 10 days (serum iodine: 70 ± 3.6 μg/L; TT4: 69.6. ± 20.4 nmol/L; and TT3: 5.4 ± 0.3 nmol/L). In conclusion, equine mammary tissue concentrates iodine beyond plasma levels, making colostrum and milk a significant source of iodine. Foal serum iodine levels are high in the neonatal period and are positively correlated with TT4, which is important for neonatal adaptation. 相似文献
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Miori Kishimoto Kazutaka Yamada Ryo Tsuneda Junichiro Shimizu Toshiroh Iwasaki Yoh-Ichi Miyake 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(3):233-237
The characteristics of contrast media formulation (mgI/ml, osmolarity, and viscosity) are generally not considered important in computed tomography (CT) angiography in animals. The purpose of this study was to assess the contrast effect in CT angiography as a function of contrast media formulation, with a constant iodine dose. The contrast effects of three contrast media with different iodine concentrations were compared by administering identical iodine dosages (mgI/kg). The contrast effects of the three contrast media differed, and the area under the time-attenuation curve of iohexol 350 mgI/ml, which had the highest iodine concentration, was the lowest. It was hypothesized that the contrast effect of a contrast medium decreases with higher iodine concentration because of the high amount of residual iodine present in the circulatory system from the injection site to the portion immediately before the great vessels. In addition, the influence of osmotic dilution on contrast media with high osmolarity was also considered. In conclusion, the contrast effect varies with different contrast media formulations, even when the same iodine dosage is administered. 相似文献