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噻虫啉拌种对小麦种子及幼苗生长的生理效应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为研究噻虫啉拌种对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以及对小麦幼苗叶片保护酶活性的影响。采用培养箱平皿法和田间小区试验研究噻虫啉不同浓度拌种处理对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。与未拌种相比,24 g a.i./10kg种子处理小麦种子发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数分别提高了4.49%、38.76%和66.23%,小麦幼苗株高、根长、地上鲜重、地下鲜种、根冠比分别增加了4.66 cm、16.64 cm、0.05 g/株、0.12 g/株、0.19,同时拌种可以增加小麦幼苗的叶绿素含量,提高根系活力以及幼苗叶片POD、SOD、CAT酶活性。噻虫啉拌种明显促进小麦种子萌发以及幼苗的生长,提高幼苗叶片保护酶活性,起到壮苗的作用。 相似文献
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以小麦品种郑引1号为试材,探究不同浓度壳寡糖溶液(COS,5、25、50、100、200 mg·L^-1)浸种和叶面喷施对20%PEG胁迫下小麦种子萌发、幼苗生长、氧化损伤、渗透调节物质含量及脯氨酸代谢的影响。结果显示,PEG胁迫下小麦种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗叶片相对含水量、株高、根长、地上部和根部干重、干物质相对增长率、叶绿素和游离氨基酸含量较ck明显降低,叶片类胡萝卜素、超氧阴离子(O·2^-)、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白、葡萄糖、蔗糖、脯氨酸含量和吡咯琳-5-羧酸合成酶(P 5 CS)、脯氨酸脱氢酶(ProDH)活性明显提高。外源适宜浓度的COS溶液处理可明显促进PEG胁迫下小麦种子的萌发和幼苗的生长,降低叶片O·2^-、MDA含量和ProDH活性,提升叶片相对含水量、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、渗透调节物质含量及P 5 CS、鸟氨酸δ-氨基转移酶(δ-OAT)活性,以COS浓度为100 mg·L^-1效果最佳。可见,外源适宜浓度COS溶液处理能增强小麦幼苗的渗透调节能力,减轻20%PEG胁迫对种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制效应,降低叶片氧化损伤,在一定程度上提高了小麦的抗逆性。 相似文献
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低聚壳聚糖对小麦种子萌发以及幼苗生理生化特性的影响 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
以分子量为1500，2000，3000，4000，10000，20000的低聚壳聚糖为材料，研究了其对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。实验表明：低聚壳聚糖能够有效地促进小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长，其促进作用的大小随低聚壳聚糖的分子量、浓度的不同而有较大的差异。以平均分子量为1500、浓度为0．2％的低聚壳聚糖的促进效果最好，可提高小麦种子的发芽势、发芽率和种子胚乳α-淀粉酶活性，使小麦幼苗叶片叶绿素含量和干物重分别提高26．2％和28．2％，叶片几丁质酶活性提高2～6倍。 相似文献
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3种草本植物种子萌发及幼苗初期对镉胁迫的生理响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过溶液培养探讨了不同浓度镉胁迫下,韭菜、凤仙花和紫云英种子萌发及幼苗初期叶绿素、丙二醛含量及抗氧化酶活性的变化.结果表明:低镉浓度(≤50 mg/L)促进种子萌发,中高浓度(≥100 mg/L)抑制种子萌发;发芽指数和活力指数均随着镉浓度增加而下降;当镉≥50 mg/L时,根长和芽长均与对照差异显著(p＜0.05),明显阻碍幼苗生长,且根比芽对胁迫敏感;高浓度镉明显阻碍叶绿素的合成;丙二醛含量及抗氧化酶活性均随着胁迫浓度提高呈先升后降的趋势,说明低浓度镉激活植物自身的保护系统发挥作用,高浓度镉抑制其发挥作用. 相似文献
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水杨酸对小麦镉毒害的缓解效应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究了外源水杨酸(SA)对小麦镉(Cd)毒害的缓解效应.结果表明,低浓度(0.5 mmol/L 以下)SA能够促进扬麦158种子萌发及幼苗生长,高浓度则有抑制作用.0.5 mmol/L SA浸种能够明显缓解0.1 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L Cd对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制,能提高根中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)酶活性,但不能减轻1.0 mmol/L Cd对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的抑制. 相似文献
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河北省土壤全钼含量平均为0.61ppm,低于全国平均值(1.7ppm和世界平均值(2.3ppm).土壤有效钼平均0.19ppm,全省68.6%的耕地土壤有效钼低于临界界缺乏值(0.15ppm),含有效钼0.16—0.20ppm的中钼耕地占8.6%,>0.20ppm的高钼耕地占22.8%.本文讨论了成土母质,土壤质地、有机质、碳酸钙、pH等对土壤钼含量消长及分布的影响.根据3982个土壤样品编制了河北土壤有效钼分布图. 相似文献
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远缘杂交棉花新品种石远321的综合分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用棉花远缘杂交技术,用海岛棉(G.barbadense)、野生瑟伯氏棉(G.thurberi)、陆地棉(G.hir-sutum)进行杂交,对杂交铃喷(滴)GA3(50ppm)、NAA(40ppm)、杂种胚离体培养,试管内染色体加倍,对获得的种间杂种进行回交较育,南繁北育,异地鉴定选育而成棉花新品种“石远321”。1993—1994年国家黄河流域棉花品种区域试验,亩产子棉、皮棉、霜前皮棉均居八个参试品种第一位,其中霜前皮棉产量885kg/hm2,比对照增产19.7%,是1982—2000年19年间国家黄河流域棉花品种区域试验中霜前皮棉增产幅度最大的一个品种。 相似文献
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河北省土壤硼的含量与分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
河北土壤全硼平均25.9ppm,变幅2—75ppm.用沸水5分钟提取的有效硼平均0.50ppm,变幅0.02—9.38ppm.全省61.8%的耕地有效硼在临界缺乏值(0.5ppm)以下,0.51—1.0ppm中硼耕地占32.5%,>1.0ppm高硼耕地仅占5.7%.土壤硼含量决定于成土母质.在成土过程中数量消长期与成土条件,土壤质地、有机质、碳酸钙、pH等有关.本文讨论了它们之间的数量关系. 相似文献
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The influence of N-dimethylamino succinamic acid (B-nine) on lucerne plants cv. IGFRI-244 was investigated. B-nine (a growth regulant) was sprayed as a foliar sprays, employing 10, 100, 250, 500, 1000 and 5000 ppm alongwith water spray as control, and the effects were observed on plant growth, flowering, nutritive constituents and seed yield of the crop. Plant height was reduced from 6.19 to 26.85 % in various concentrations of B-nine being highest retardation in 5000 ppm, whereas 250 ppm produced more branches and leaves with dense foliage in comparison to control and other treatments. Delayed flowering by 2–15 days with significant increase in seed yield and 1000 seed weight B-nine bein maximum seed yield in 250 ppm. However, total seed yield was increased by 4.16 to 24.76 per cent over unsprayed control plants. Among the treated levels of B-nine, 250 ppm also gave higher values for Carbohydrate, IVTDMD in shoot of lucerne plants with considerable decreased in 5000 ppm. NDF condent decreased progressively with increased concentration of B-nine but always lesser than the value of IVTDMD. 相似文献
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Amarchand Chordia Murugan Jibu Thomas Raj Kumar Rajagopal AbulKalamAzad Mandal 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2012,15(1):53-57
Effects of exogenous application of ascorbic acid on physiological and metabolic changes in tea were investigated in the present
study. The highest improvement in yield was evident in response to regular application (a day after every harvest) of ascorbic
acid at 600 ppm followed by 400 ppm. Foliar application of ascorbic acid (600 ppm) at regular intervals enhanced chlorophyll
a and b contents besides a significant increase in total polyphenols and catechins when compared to the untreated control. Exogenous
application of ascorbic acid at alternate harvesting rounds increased the activity of polyphenol oxidase whereas ascorbate
peroxidase remained unchanged. An increase in phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity was noticed with foliar application of
ascorbic acid irrespective of its concentrations. Theaflavins and thearubigins of made tea showed an increase when ascorbic
acid was applied with 400 and 600 ppm at alternate intervals. The scores of brewed tea liquor characteristics, viz. infusion,
color, strength, and briskness were higher even at the lower concentration of ascorbic acid treatment. Results suggest that
foliar application of ascorbic acid (400 ppm) proved to be a useful measure to improve the yield, physiological attributes,
and antioxidant properties of tea. 相似文献
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利用棉花远缘杂交技术,用海岛棉（G.barbadense）、野生瑟伯氏棉(G.thurberi)、陆地棉(G.hirsutum)进行杂交,对杂交铃喷(滴)GA3(50ppm)、NAA（40ppm）、杂种胚离体培养,试管内染色体加倍,对获得的种间杂种进行回交较育,南繁北育,异地鉴定选育而成棉花新品种“石远321”。1993~1994年国家黄河流域棉花品种区域试验,亩产子棉、皮棉、霜前皮棉均居八个参试品种第一位,其中霜前皮棉产量885 kg/hm2,比对照增产19.7%,是1982~2000年19年间国家黄河流域棉花品种区域试验中霜前皮棉增产幅度最大的一个品种。 相似文献
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Studies were carried out to understand the effect of mepiquat chloride (1,1–dimethyl piperidinium chloride) on some important physiological and yield characteristics of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Mepiquat chloride was sprayed at the concentration of 100, 125 and 150 ppm on 25 DAS (days after sowing), 35 DAS and 45 DAS respectively and compared with CCC (2–Chloro ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) which was sprayed at 100 ppm on 45 DAS. Response of the crop for both chemicals was almost similar but varying in magnitude. Among the treatments application of mepiquat chloride at 125 ppm on 35 DAS was found to be the best which reduced the shoot length and Leaf Area Index (LAI) and enhanced the root length and Crop Growth Rate (CGR). Yield characteristics such as Total Dry Matter Production (TDMP), number of flowers, and pod yield were also increased by the application of mepiquat chloride at 125 ppm on 35 DAS. This treatment recorded the maximum pod yield of 2611 Kg per hectare accounting for 24 % increase over CCC which is currently recommended to improve the yield of groundnut. The results of the present investigation indicated that foliar spray of mepiquat chloride at 125 ppm concentration on 35 DAS was optimum and improved the physiological efficiency of groundnut leading to higher yield. 相似文献
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Summary A maize plant resistant to 5-methyltrytophan (5MT) was selected from M2 seeds (Zea mays L. Danggin, inbred line) originating from ears treated with ethylmethane sulfonate (0.2%) at 6 hr after self-pollination. Genetic analysis of the progeny of plants selected from a medium containing 50 ppm 5MT showed that 5MT resistance was inherited as a single dominant nuclear gene. This resistance was also expressed in callus and seedling. Analysis of the free amino acids in kernels and calli showed that homozygous resistant plants (MR1) contained higher levels of total free amino acids than sensitive plants and calli. In particular, the their kernels the levels of tryptophan, threonine and serine were, respectively, 4.5, 5.9 and 6.3 times higher than those of the sensitive plants. From the results, it may be expected that mutants resistant to amino acid anologs will be useful not only for studying amino acid biosynthesis but also for improving the nutritional quality of maize.Abbreviations EMS
Ethylmethane sulfonate
- 5MT
5-methyltryptophan
- 2,4-D
2-4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 相似文献