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甘肃陇南小麦不同品种类型抗条锈性变化特点分析 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
1973~2002年的30年间,在我国小麦条锈病常发易变区的陇南,对小麦主要生产品种的抗条锈性变化动态进行了系统的观察,选择具垂直抗性、慢条锈性、高温抗性和持久抗性等不同类型的7个品种的观测数据进行了分析,认为里勃留拉和N.斯特拉姆潘列长期保持了稳定的抗锈性。里勃留拉的抗性可能由多对微效基因控制,N.斯特拉姆潘列的抗性可能由主效基因控制,兰天12号所具有的慢锈性和兰天1号的高温抗性以及抗条锈基因的合理布局对延长品种抗性也有一定作用。 相似文献
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小麦条锈菌鉴别寄主尤皮Ⅱ号抗条锈性遗传分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
小麦品种尤皮Ⅱ号是重要的中国小麦条锈菌鉴别寄主.为研究尤皮Ⅱ号的抗条锈性遗传基础,将该品种分别与感病品种铭贤169及其它抗病品种杂交,获得各组合的F1、BC1和F2代群体.在温室对各组合亲本及F1、BC1和F2代群体进行了苗期抗性鉴定.结果表明,尤皮Ⅱ号对CY29菌系的抗性由两对隐性基因独立或重叠遗传控制;对CY23的抗性由两对显性基因互补遗传控制;对CY31的抗性亦由两对显性基因互补遗传控制,而对Su-1的抗性则由一对显性基因控制.抗CY29的两对基因不抗CY23、CY31和Su-1,因此将这两对基因暂定名为YrJu1和YrJu2.抗CY23的两对基因中,其中一对同时抗CY31和Su-1,该基因与Spaldings prolific中的一对基因等位或紧密连锁,将该基因暂定名为YrJu3;另一对则与抗引655中的一对抗性基因等位或紧密连锁,暂定名为YrJu4.YrJu1、YrJu2、YrJu3和YrJu4均与其它供试品种中的已知抗性基因不同. 相似文献
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1983—1985年在北京进行了洛夫林10号等15个国内小麦主要抗源成株期对条锈病的抗性遗传研究。供试抗源分别与感病品种铭贤169杂交,用条中25号小种的单孢子菌系在田间对各组合的亲本、F_1、F_2和F_3代进行接种鉴定。试验结果表明,洛夫林10号、洛夫林13号、洛夫林18号、阿芙乐尔、山前麦、NS2625和抗引655等7个抗源的抗性系由1对显性和1对隐性基因所控制;高加索和F16-71两个抗源的抗性由两对显性基因控制;保加利亚10号的抗性由两对隐性基因控制;HWY1775的抗性由1对完全显性基因控制。初步看出,F33-70、9D-27-2、48111和无芒4号等4个抗源各携带两对抗性基因。供试抗源所携带基因的异同需进一步研究。 相似文献
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小麦品种C591的抗条锈性遗传分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
C591是原产于印度的普通小麦品种,苗期和成株期均对中国小麦生产上流行的条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici)主要生理小种表现良好抗性。本文以感病品种Taichung29作母本、C591作父本通过杂交制备了F1代、F2代和BC1代种子,用人工接种方法研究了C591及其杂交后代对小麦条锈菌不同生理小种的苗期抗性并进行了遗传分析。结果显示,C591与Taichung29杂交F1代植株对小麦条锈菌条中19号、条中29号和条中32号小种均表现出与C591相似的高抗,说明C591中的抗条锈基因主要为显性表达。根据杂交F2代、BC1代植株的抗性分离情况和F1代植株及亲本的抗性表现,说明C591中至少具有3对抗条锈基因,针对条锈菌不同的生理小种其有效性是不同的。对条中32号小种的抗性受1对显性基因控制,对条中29号小种的抗性受1对显性基因和2对隐性基因的独立控制,对条中19号小种的抗性受2对显性基因独立控制。结果表明,C591作为抗源在我国小麦抗锈育种中具有较大应用价值。 相似文献
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洛夫林10和洛夫林13是中国小麦条锈菌重要鉴别寄主,为明确其抗条锈性遗传基础,本文采用常规杂交分析和等位性检测相结合的方法,将洛夫林10、洛夫林13分别与完全感病品种铭贤169杂交、自交和测交,获得各组合的正反交群体,在温室对其进行苗期抗性鉴定和统计分析,并分别与已知基因载体品系杂交和自交进行等位性检测。结果表明,洛夫林10对CYR17和CYR26的抗性分别由1对显性基因控制,属核遗传,洛夫林10抗CYR17和CYR26的基因与Moro、洛夫林13、K733所含的抗条锈病基因等位或紧密连锁;洛夫林13对CYR17和Su-1的抗性均由2对显性互补基因控制,对CYR26的抗性由1对显性和1对隐性重叠或独立基因控制,均属核遗传,洛夫林13抗CYR17、CYR26、Su-1的2对基因中有1对基因与Moro中的抗性基因等位或紧密连锁,抗CYR17的另1对基因与Hybrid46中的抗性基因等位或紧密连锁。表明洛夫林10和洛夫林13同含Yr9,洛夫林10的Yr9可能来源于无芒1号,洛夫林13的Yr9和另1对基因均来源于Skorospelka3B,未知基因可能位于6B或6A染色体上。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Genetic analysis for resistance to bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) of 21 rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars was carried out. These cultivars were divided into two groups based on their reactions to Philippine races of bacterial blight. Cultivars of group 1 were resistant to race 1 and those of group 2 were susceptible to race 1 but resistant to race 2. All the cultivars were crossed with TN1, which is susceptible to all the Philippine races of X. oryzae pv. oryzae. F(1) and F(2) populations of hybrids of group 1 cultivars were evaluated using race 1 and F(1) and F(2) populations of hybrids of group 2 cultivars were evaluated using race 2. All the cultivars showed monogenic inheritance of resistance. Allelic relationships of the genes were investigated by crossing these cultivars with different testers having single genes for resistance. Three cultivars have Xa4, another three have xa5, one has xa8, two have Xa3, eight have Xa10, and one has Xa4 as well as Xa10. Three cultivars have new, as yet undescribed, genes. Nep Bha Bong To has a new recessive gene for moderate resistance to races 1, 2, and 3 and resistance to race 5. This gene is designated xa26(t). Arai Raj has a dominant gene for resistance to race 2 which segregates independently of Xa10. This gene is designated as Xa27(t). Lota Sail has a recessive gene for resistance to race 2 which segregates independently of Xa10. This gene is designated as xa28(t). 相似文献
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ABSTRACT The Chinese native cv. Q14 expresses a high level of resistance to many isolates of Pyricularia grisea collected from Japan, Thailand, and China. Q14 was crossed to an indica-susceptible cultivar, Q61. To rapidly determine the chromosomal location of the major resistance gene present in the cultivar, a linkage analysis using microsatellite markers was performed in the F(2) population segregating 3R:1S (resistant/susceptible) through bulked-segregant analysis (BSA) in combination with recessiveclass analysis (RCA). A total of 189 microsatellite markers selected from each chromosome equally (with approximately 10 centimorgans) were tested with the BSA approach. Only two markers, RM151 and RM259, located on chromosome 1 showed positive and negative polymorphisms, respectively, for a resistance gene segregating in the population. To confirm the polymorphic markers, a total of 155 viable susceptible individuals were tested with the RCA approach. The markers RM151 and RM259 were found to link to the resistance gene with recombination frequencies of 11.9 +/- 2.8% and 9.7 +/- 8.0%, respectively. For further characterization of the resistance gene, 3 resistance genes mapped on chromosome 1, as well as 15 major resistance genes that might be employed in the breeding program, were selected for differential tests with 85 Chinese isolates. The resistance gene identified in this research conveys reactions distinct from those conditioned by the 18 resistance genes. This new resistance gene tentatively was designated Pi27(t). 相似文献
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为挖掘新的小麦抗条锈病基因,掌握小麦生产主栽品种的抗条锈病基因携带情况,有效防控小麦条锈病,采用抗性鉴定、基因推导分析和分子标记技术对22份小麦生产上主栽品种进行了研究,通过抗性鉴定比较22份小麦主栽品种与已知基因载体品种的抗谱。结果显示,共推测出14份供试品种携带已知抗条锈基因,8份供试品种携带未知抗条锈基因,是新的抗锈基因资源;聚类分析结果显示,供试22份小麦品种可分为2个大类6个亚类;利用SSR分子标记检测抗条锈病基因Yr1、Yr10和Yr24的携带情况发现,11份品种携带Yr1基因,2份品种携带Yr10基因,22份品种均不携带Yr24基因。部分生产主栽品种携带新的抗条锈病基因,表明小麦品种选育中避免了抗性基因单一化,并加强了未知基因的利用。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Pathogen- and host-derived resistance have been shown to suppress infection by many plant viruses. Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus (TSWV) is among these systems; however, it has easily overcome nearly all host resistance genes and has recently been shown to overcome resistance mediated by the TSWV N gene. To better understand the resistance-breaking mechanisms, we have chosen TSWV N gene-derived resistance (TNDR) as a model to study how plant viruses defeat resistance genes. A defined viral population of isolates TSWV-D and TSWV-10, both suppressed by TNDR, was subjected to TNDR selection by serial passage in an N-gene transgenic plant. The genotype analysis demonstrated that the mixed viral population was driven to form a specific reassortant, L(10)M(10)S(D), in the presence of TNDR selection, but remained as a heterogeneous mixture in the absence of the selection. A genotype assay of 120 local lesion isolates from the first, fourth, and seventh transfers confirmed the shift of genomic composition. Further analysis demonstrated that the individual L(10), M(10), and S(D) RNA segments were each selected independently in response to TNDR selection rather than to a mutation or recombination event. Following the seventh transfer on the N-gene transgenic plants, TSWV S RNA remained essentially identical to the S RNA from TSWV-D, indicating that no intermolecular recombination occurred between the two S RNAs from TSWV-10 and TSWV-D nor with the transferred N gene. These results support the hypothesis that TSWV utilizes genome reassortment to adapt to new host genotypes rapidly and that elements from two or more segments of the genome are involved in suppression of the resistance reaction. 相似文献
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Harder DE 《Phytopathology》1999,89(12):1214-1217
ABSTRACT Infection types produced by Puccinia graminis f. sp. avenae on plants of Avena sativa with the stem rust resistance gene Pg10 are characterized by moderate-sized uredinia surrounded by an area of chlorosis and a larger variable zone of dark brown necrosis. This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of gene Pg10 as a source of resistance to stem rust and to determine the interactions of this gene with other common Pg genes. A derived Pg10 line was tested with 58 distinct pathotypes of P. graminis f. sp. avenae and was crossed to substituted single-gene lines carrying the resistance gene Pg1, Pg2, Pg3, Pg4, Pg8, Pg9, Pg13, Pg15, Pg16, or Pga. The Pg10 line showed moderate resistance to all 58 patho-types, and there was no indication of specificity in virulence by any isolate. Gene Pg10 was inherited independently of the other Pg genes and had a complementary effect on the expression of resistance by these genes. An effective level of resistance conferred by Pg10 was demonstrated in a field nursery artificially inoculated with P. graminis f. sp. avenae. It was concluded that Pg10 is a potentially useful source of stem rust resistance in oat breeding, with its main attributes being an apparent broad base of resistance, ease of combining with other Pg genes, and complementary effects on the expression of other Pg genes. 相似文献
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为明确小麦体细胞无性系4-8(WS4-8)抗条锈病的遗传稳定性及抗性遗传特点,采用基因推导、抗性鉴定、遗传分析等方法对其进行了抗条锈性的鉴定和等位性分析。结果表明,WS4-8所携带的抗性基因与已知抗性基因不同;WS4-8的条锈病抗性表现优异,遗传稳定;用CY33小种对WS4-8和铭贤169的正交、反交组合F1和F2代植株人工接种鉴定表明,F1全部抗病,F2群体符合3R∶1S单基因控制的抗性遗传规律,WS4-8对CY33的抗性由1对显性核基因控制;用CY33对WS4-8分别与Yr5/6×Avocet S、Yr10/6×Avocet S、Yr15/6×Avocet S及92R137(Yr26)组配的杂交组合F1及F2代植株人工接种鉴定表明,F1全部抗病,而F2中有感病植株,说明WS4-8所携带的抗条锈病基因与Yr5、Yr10、Yr15、Yr26不等位。研究表明,WS4-8的抗条锈性是由1对显性核基因控制,与已知抗性基因不同,可能是一个新的抗条锈病基因。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Septoria tritici leaf blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph Septoria tritici), is an economically important disease of wheat. Breeding for resistance to STB is the most effective means to control this disease and can be facilitated through the use of molecular markers. However, molecular markers linked to most genes for resistance to STB are not yet available. This study was conducted to test for resistance in the parents of a standard wheat mapping population and to map any resistance genes identified. The population consisted of 130 F(10) recombinant-inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between the synthetic hexaploid wheat W7984 and cv. Opata 85. Genetic analysis indicated that a single major gene controls resistance to M. graminicola in this population. This putative resistance gene is now designated Stb8 and was mapped with respect to amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite markers. An AFLP marker, EcoRI-ACG/MseI-CAG5, was linked in repulsion with the resistance gene at a distance of approximately 5.3 centimorgans (cM). Two flanking microsatellite markers, Xgwm146 and Xgwm577, were linked to the Stb8 gene on the long arm of wheat chromosome 7B at distances of 3.5 and 5.3 cM, respectively. The microsatellite markers identified in this study have potential for use in marker-assisted selection in breeding programs and for pyramiding of Stb8 with other genes for resistance to M. graminicola in wheat. 相似文献
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小麦材料PI31抗条锈性鉴定及其抗性基因SSR标记 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
小麦材料PI31对我国当前流行的条锈菌小种条中30、31和32免疫;遗传分析表明,PI31携带一个显性抗条锈病基因。等位性测定显示,PI31所携带的抗条锈病基因与已知抗锈基因Yr5、Yr10和Yr15不等位。抗源系谱分析表明,该基因来源于叙利亚普通小麦品系叙18;故将此材料携带的抗条锈病基因暂定名为Yr-XU。利用分组分析(BSA)法,筛选到1个位于1 BS的SSR标记WM S11-193 bp片段与Yr-XU紧密连锁,将Yr-XU定位于小麦1BS上;对F2分离群体142个单株分析结果表明,Yr-XU与WM S11-193 bp的遗传距离为2.1 cM,可将此标记用于小麦抗条锈病分子标记辅助育种。 相似文献
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大豆对灰斑病菌15号小种的抗病基因定位及标记检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为明确大豆对灰斑病菌15号小种的抗性位点,以大豆抗病品种垦丰16、感病品种绥农10及其杂交F2、F3代群体为试验材料,在接种鉴定的基础上,运用SSR标记技术及分离群体组群分析法(BSA法)对垦丰16抗病基因进行了定位,并应用108份大豆新品系对标记进行了符合性检测。结果表明,垦丰16对15号小种的抗性受1对显性基因控制,抗病基因位于大豆染色体组的J连锁群上,将该基因定名为Rcs15。用Mapmaker/Exp 3.0 b进行连锁分析,获得了5个与抗病基因紧密连锁的SSR标记:Satt 529、Satt 431、Sat_151、Satt 547和Sat_224,标记与抗病基因间的排列顺序和遗传距离为Sat_151-10.7 cM-Satt 529-18.5 cM- Rcs15-6.7 cM-Satt 547-7.8 cM-Sat_224-10.7 cM-Satt 431。标记符合性检测结果显示,Satt 547和Sat_224的检测准确率达到85%以上,可用于分子标记辅助选择育种和抗源筛选。 相似文献