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1.
燕麦愈伤组织诱导和分化再生影响因素的研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
以燕麦3个品种(系)幼胚、幼穗为材料,通过组织培养方法,研究了基因型、培养基、外植体对愈伤组织诱导、继代和分化再生的影响。结果表明,对愈伤组织的诱导,基因型和培养基起重要作用,对幼胚作用极显著,对幼穗作用显著;外植体不同也影响愈伤组织形成,随培养基成分改变而变化,且幼穗较幼胚更易培养;2,4-D浓度影响愈伤组织生长和胚性愈伤组织形成,3 mg/L 2,4-D有利于愈伤生长,促进胚性愈伤形成;草莜一号幼穗愈伤组织有很强的继代能力,继代培养330 d仍具有46.58%的分化率,该材料在组织培养和基因工程研究中具有很大潜力。 相似文献
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Optimization of mature embryo-based high frequency callus induction and plant regeneration from elite wheat cultivars grown in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We have developed an efficient procedure for plant regeneration of elite wheat cultivars using mature embryos. Firstly, we established the optimal combination of basal media, inoculation method and pretreatment method using biostatistical methods. The results indicated that the combination of MS medium and longitudinally bisected mature embryos showed the highest culture efficiency, whereas the pretreatment method had no significant effects on callus induction or plant regeneration. A 70% primary callus induction rate was achieved on MS medium containing 2 mg/l 2,4‐d for all tested cultivars. Primary calli were then transferred onto the subculture medium to initiate embryogenic calli. Supplementation of the subculture medium with the appropriate combination of phytohormones (2.0 mg/l 2,4‐d , 0.5 mg/l BA and 0.1 mg/l NAA) significantly enhanced embryogenic callus production. The addition of AgNO3 (10 mg/l) in regeneration medium promoted plant regeneration, whereas CuSO4 stimulated root formation. The use of this protocol achieved successful plant regeneration in eight tested cultivars. The culture efficiency ranged from 15.3% to 36.8%, suggesting this regeneration system may be an effective alternative for wheat genetic transformation. 相似文献
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Bermudagrass is an important warm‐season turfgrass species that is recalcitrant in regeneration in tissue culture. In a previous report, we observed that somatic embryogenesis of immature inflorescence culture was substantially improved when low levels of 2,4‐dichloro‐phenoxy acetic acid (1 mg/l) and 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP, 0.01 mg/l) were included in the callus induction medium. The object of this study was to further improve the culture conditions to enhance somatic embryo formation and plantlet regeneration. It was shown that the abscisic acid supplement (2 or 5 mg/l) to the above callus induction medium further enhanced somatic embryogenesis in hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon×Cynodon transvaalensis) cv. ‘Tifgreen’. The addition of gibberellic acid (0. 2 mg/l) to the BAP (1 mg/l)‐containing regeneration medium accelerated germination/regeneration of the somatic embryos. Secondary and repetitive somatic embryogenesis, which is rarely reported in monocots, was observed in common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon, cv. ‘Savannah’), and a full course of such a development was captured by a periodical microphotography. Scanning electron microscopy further confirmed the observation. 相似文献
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A protocol for in vitro induction of tetraploids via colchicine-treated somatic embryos from immature zygotic embryos of diploid grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is reported. Embryogenic callus was initiated from immature zygotic embryos cultured on Nitsch and Nitsch (NN) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). The callus was transferred to NN medium containing 1.0 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 mg/l benzyladenine (BA) to establish somatic embryogenesis. The vigorously growing globular embryos were selected and treated by 0, 10 or 20 mg/l colchicine for 1, 2 or 3 days, and then immediately transferred to NN medium supplemented with 0.03 mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l BA, for somatic embryo conversion and plant regeneration. The number of surviving embryos and regenerated plantlets following colchicine treatment decreased with increasing colchicine concentration and treatment time. Among 29 randomly investigated plantlets regenerated from colchicine-treated somatic embryos, five solid tetraploids (2n = 4× = 76) were identified by chromosome counting analysis; all others were diploid (2n = 2× = 38). Ploidy level of plant regenerated was also determined from leaves using flow cytometry. No chimeras with both 2C and 4C nuclei was produced from colchicine-treated somatic embryos. Significant differences in leaf stomata parameters were observed between diploid and induced tetraploid plantlets. 相似文献
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Protocols of plant regeneration have been developed for Brassica carinata for creating somaclonal variation for plant type and adaptability, so that this species can fit into cropping systems in Indian agriculture. The response of cotyledonary and stem explants was assessed for callus induction and shoot regeneration on MS and B5 basal media containing different combinations of auxin and cytokinin concentrations. MS medium supplemented with BA and NAA favoured callus induction. Supplementing MS with combinations of BA and IAA, as also with BA alone, regenerated shoots from the ex pi ants with a high frequency. The frequency of shoot regeneration and the mean number of shoots per explant were higher in cotyledons than in stem explants on identical growth regulator combinations. On B5 medium, supplemented with BA (2 mg/l) and IBA (0.4 mg/l), compact callus was produced which regenerated shoots on transfer to medium containing BA (0.8 mg/l). Genotypic differences among carinata accessions for regeneration were also observed. 相似文献
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Factors influencing tissue culture responses of mature seeds and immature embryos in turf-type tall fescue 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
In an effort to optimize tissue culture responses of turf‐type tall fescue for genetic transformation, the effects of five culture medium supplements on tissue culture responses were investigated with immature embryos and mature seeds of an elite cultivar, ‘Coronado’, as explant tissues. For both explants, calli induced on 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP)‐containing medium had significantly improved regeneration ability. The optimal concentration of BAP for the induction of regenerable callus from mature seeds was 0.1 mg/l. Thidiazuron also improved callus regeneration frequency of mature seeds. Casein hydrolysate, L‐proline and myo‐inositol improved callus induction of immature embryos but not mature seeds. They did not improve callus regeneration frequencies with either explant tissue. By simply slicing the mature seeds into two halves longitudinally, the callus induction frequencies, as well as the corresponding overall plant regeneration frequencies, were increased approximately three‐ to six‐fold in all three combinations of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and BAP in callus induction media. 相似文献
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Callus induction and plant regeneration from immature and mature embryos of winter durum wheat genotypes 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Seven genotypes of winter durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) were cultured to establish an efficient method of callus formation and plant regeneration from mature embryo culture, and to compare the responses of immature and mature embryo cultures. Immature embryos were aseptically dissected from seeds and placed, with the scutellum upwards, in dishes containing Murashige and Skoog's (MS) mineral salts and 2mg 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) per litre. Calli and regenerated plants were maintained on 2,4-D-free medium. Mature embryos were moved slightly on the imbibed seeds. For callus formation, the seeds with moved embryos were placed, furrow downwards, in dishes containing 8 mg 2,4-D per litre. The developed calli and regenerated plants were maintained on the MS medium. Plants regenerated from both embryo cultures were vernalized and grown to maturity in soil. Variability was observed among the wheat genotypes tested for various culture responses in both explant cultures. Callus induction rate and regeneration capacity of callus were independent of each other. Mature embryos have a low frequency of callus induction but a high regeneration capacity. Considering availability, rapidity and reliability, this form of mature embryo culture can be used as an alternative method for immature embryo culture. 相似文献
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宁夏优质水稻品种D10高效再生体系的建立 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为了利用基因沉默技术定向改良宁夏香稻品种,短期内建立可获得成苗的高效成熟胚再生体系,以宁夏优质水稻品种D10成熟胚作为外植体,通过植物组织培养的方法,研究了培养基、外源激素、光照和温度对外植体培养及再生的影响。结果表明：不同培养基对愈伤组织诱导率有着不同的影响,MS培养基最低,N6D培养基最高;32℃持续光照培养的愈伤组织明显优于30℃ 12 h/d光照培养;在分化培养基中添加TDZ,发现浓度为1 mg/L的TDZ与低浓度的IAA结合使绿苗分化率提高到100%;另外添加2 mg/L ABA的N6D培养基中愈伤组织诱导率为100%。最终该品种的最优再生体系为：32℃持续光照培养并添加ABA 2 mg/L的N6D培养基;分化培养基为B5+TDZ 1mg/L+IAA 0.2mg/L;生根培养基为1/2MS+KT 2 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L+CH 2 g/L+Sorb 30 g/L。本研究建立了宁夏优质水稻品种D10成熟胚再生体系。 相似文献
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大豆幼荚子叶原生质体培养及植株再生 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
本文研究了13个栽培大豆（Glycine max L.）品种原生质体培养的再生能力。从大豆幼荚子叶酶解游离原生质体,用Gellan Gum进行株状包埋,悬浮在含2,4-D 0.1-0.2mg/L,BA0.5-1.0mg/L的改良MS液体培养基中,原生质体培养3天后开始第一次分裂,以后持续分裂。供试基因型间的10天植板率差异显著,变幅为33-67%。30天内形成大量的 相似文献
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为建立4个玉簪新品种的组培再生体系,以MS为基本培养基,添加不同质量浓度6-BA和2,4-D,研究其外植体组培苗的愈伤组织诱导以及继代扩繁的最适生长培养基。愈伤组织的诱导中,高浓度的6-BA(≥3.0mg/L)与低浓度的2,4-D(≤0.1mg/L)配比有利于愈伤组织的生成。MS+1.0mg/L6-BA+0.3mg/LNAA+35g/L蔗糖+12g/L琼脂的培养基可以使HostaBigDaddy（编号H1）和‘金鹰’（编号H2）的增殖倍数分别达2.54和2.78,而MS+1.0mg/L6-BA+0.2mg/LNAA+30g/L蔗糖+11g/L琼脂可以使‘小黄金叶’（编号H6）的增殖倍数达3.01,而最适宜H15增殖的培养基则是MS+3.0mg/L6-BA+0.1mg/LNAA+30g/L蔗糖+12g/L琼脂。研究结果为4个新品种玉簪愈伤组织的诱导及组培扩繁研究提供了有利数据依据,在此方法下愈伤组织诱导率最大,并且扩繁增殖倍数最大。 相似文献
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植物激素配比对大蒜茎盘愈伤组织再生体系的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
植物激素对大蒜茎盘愈伤组织再生的各个环节都发挥着重要的作用。试验结果表明：2,4．D对茎盘愈伤组织的诱导具有主要作用，高浓度的2，4-D有利于大蒜愈伤组织的诱导，但并不利于其增殖分化。MS＋NAA 2mg／L＋BA 1mg／L培养基适宜于愈伤组织的继代增殖，MS＋NAA 1mg／L＋BA 5mg／L培养基适宜不定芽的分化，只添加NAA或无激素的MS培养基有利于不定芽生根。 相似文献
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AgNO_3在小麦幼胚组织培养中的应用研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了提高小麦幼胚体细胞再生频率,以河南省大面积推广的豫麦49号、豫麦18号和兰考906为研究对象,研究了不同浓度AgNO_3对小麦幼胚胚性愈伤组织培养特性和草酸盐氧化酶活性的影响.结果表明:基因型间、不同AgNO_3浓度间小麦幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率、愈伤组织绿点率和草酸盐氧化酶活性差异均达到0.01显著水平,基因型间以豫麦18最高、兰考906最低;不同AgNO_3浓度间以MS培养基上附加2.5～5.0 mg/L处理较高.不同浓度AgNO_3条件下小麦幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率与草酸盐氧化酶活性相关系数为0.920,达0.01显著水平.可见,在小麦幼胚组织培养过程中可以加入Ag~+提高再生频率. 相似文献
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几个温敏不育水稻品种组织培养特性的研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
以我国特有的温敏不育系籼稻品种安农S-1,及其转育的不育系安湘S和香125S为实验材料,对愈伤组织的诱导、继代和再生体系的建立进行了研究.结果表明:不同水稻品种和不同的外植体种类愈伤组织的诱导存在比较明显的差别:对成熟种子来说,安农S-1的愈伤组织诱导率最高;而对幼胚而言,香125S的诱导率最高.不同的水稻品种所适用的培养基不同,形成的愈伤组织的状态也存在差别,香125S所适用的培养基种类比较广泛,形成的胚性愈伤组织状态最好,也最容易形成.在愈伤组织的分化阶段,添加3 mg/L 6-BA 1 mg/L NAA分化成苗率最高;随继代时间的延长,愈伤组织的再生率下降,形成的幼苗的状态也存在明显的差别. 相似文献
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为建立橡胶树不同品系的体胚发生和植株再生体系,为不同品系橡胶树良种生产奠定基础。以橡胶树优良品系‘热研106’、‘热试59’、‘热试62’的花药为材料,采用正交设计,对不同品系、不同植物生长调节剂配比培养基的花药愈伤和体胚诱导效果进行了研究。[结果]结果表明：3个品系的愈伤诱导率和体胚诱导效率差异明显,同一品系不同培养基的愈伤诱导率和体胚诱导效率差异明显;愈伤诱导培养基中的植物生长调节剂对下一阶段的体胚诱导有明显影响。根据本研究,‘热研106’的花药愈伤诱导最佳浓度组合为2,4-D 1 mg/L+NAA 2 mg/L+KT 1 mg/L,‘热试59’的花药愈伤组织诱导最佳浓度组合为2,4-D 0.5mg/L+NAA 1 mg/L+KT 1 mg/L,‘热试62’的花药愈伤组织诱导最佳浓度组合为2,4-D 1 mg/L+NAA 1 mg/L+KT 1 mg/L。‘热试62’的体胚发生最佳浓度组合为KT 3 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L+GA3 0.05 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L。[结论]本研究获得了不同品系的愈伤诱导和体胚发生最佳培养基组合,为多品系橡胶树花药植株再生体系的建立奠定了基础。 相似文献
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盾叶薯蓣组织培养及四倍体诱导技术的初步研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以盾叶薯蓣的茎段、叶柄、叶作为外植体进行离体组织培养,其效果以茎段和叶柄最好。诱导愈伤组织的培养基以MS+2,4-D 2.0mg/L+BA 0.5mg/L为佳;在培养过程中,可用MS+BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L作为分化培养基,后逐步转为MS+BA 1.Omg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L作为继代培养基;生根培养可使用MS+NAA 1.0mg/L的培养基。在组织培养条件下,对盾叶薯蓣进行了多倍体诱导的研究。结果表明,用0.15%的秋水仙素处理24小时后,诱导率可达50%,效果较好。经秋水仙素诱导的变异株,与正常的二倍体植株相比,植株粗壮,叶片变大变厚,叶色浓绿,部分还出现畸形叶。叶片表皮气孔检测发现,多倍体植株叶片表皮气孔变大,且单位面积下的气孔数目减少;进行细胞学研究发现,正常植株的染色体的数目为2n=2x=20,变异植株染色体数目为,变异植株染色体数目为2n=4x=40,为四倍体。 相似文献