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【目的】明确不同厚度的保鲜袋自发气调包装对‘新梨7号’采后生理和贮藏品质的影响。【方法】将‘新梨7号’分别采用厚度为0.02、0.03、0.04和0.05 mm的PE袋扎口处理形成自发气调环境,于温度(0±0.5)℃、相对湿度90%~95%条件下贮藏,并以0.02 mm PE袋不扎口为对照处理,定期测定各处理相关指标,并统计果实腐烂率、果柄保鲜指数。【结果】不同厚度保鲜袋内气体成分在第30天时达到平衡,气调能力水平由高到低依次为0.05 mm>0.04 mm>0.03 mm>0.02 mm PE袋,采用上述包装进行自发气调处理均能够抑制果皮h°值、Fm、Fv和Fv/Fm的下降;果柄保鲜指数随保鲜袋厚度增加显著升高,果实腐烂率显著低于对照;显著降低果实维生素C含量,冷藏后期货架期间各处理果实硬度、可滴定酸含量显著高于对照。各处理乙醛含量极低,乙醇检测不出。【结论】‘新梨7号’为较耐CO2且极不易发生褐变的梨果品种。筛选出适合‘新梨7号’自发气调包装袋为0.03 mm PE袋,可有效保持果面绿色,降低果实腐烂率但显著降低维生素C含量。 相似文献
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不同包装材料对生菜采后生理及保鲜效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探索低温条件下适宜的包装材料,以5种不同包装材料PA/PE、OPP/CPP、HDPE、PE、PD961包装的生菜为研究对象,研究不同包装材料对生菜采后生理及保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:经过包装处理的生菜贮藏效果优于无包装组,其中HDPE包装材料较好地保持了叶用生菜的叶绿素含量和感官品质,延缓了呼吸高峰的出现、抑制PPO酶活性,贮藏效果最好。不同包装材料对生菜采后生理及保鲜效果存在明显差异,其效果依次为HDPEOPP/CPPPEPA/PEPD961。 相似文献
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不同包装方式对1-MCP处理草菇的保鲜效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同包装方式对1-MCP处理后的草菇采后保鲜效果的影响,将1-MCP处理后的草菇分别用打孔PE袋、PE膜结合托盘、打孔PE膜结合托盘、双封袋气调包装、双封袋充氮包装的方式进行包装,于(15±1)℃下贮藏,以1-MCP处理后未包装的草菇为对照,同温度下贮藏。贮藏期间每天测定失重率、硬度、菇体表面色调角h°、褐变度、丙二醛含量、感官品质等指标。实验结果表明:打孔PE膜结合托盘包装的贮藏效果较好,能减缓草菇采后的失重和褐变现象,维持较好的硬度、菇体表面色调角和感官品质,抑制丙二醛含量的增加。 相似文献
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不同厚度聚乙烯膜包装处理对圆茄保鲜效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以圆茄为试材,采用聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)膜包装处理的方法,研究不同厚度PE膜包装处理对圆茄保鲜效果的影响,测定常温20℃下贮藏的圆茄外观指数、腐烂、硬度和失重等生理指标,确定最佳厚度PE膜包装处理。结果表明:20℃贮藏条件下,圆茄外观、腐烂、硬度和失重随贮藏时间的延长逐渐下降,外观品质下降导致商品性下降。0.06mm PE包装处理有效抑制了圆茄外观指数的下降,减缓了腐烂的发生和发展,抑制了水分的流失,维持了较佳的硬度和外观品质,保鲜效果较好。 相似文献
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自发气调包装(Modified At-mosphere Packaging MAP)作为一种投资小、使用方便的贮藏技术,越来越多地被应用在果蔬贮运保鲜中。本试验研究了0℃下自发气调贮藏保鲜青脆李的效果,结果表明,与聚乙烯(PE)打孔薄膜袋(对照)相比,聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和高渗出二氧化碳保鲜袋3种自发气调包装袋均可减缓青脆李果实硬度和可滴定酸含量的下降,延缓果实衰老。与聚氯乙烯、高渗出二氧化碳 相似文献
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不同包装对火龙果低温贮藏品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国果树》2016,(5)
以海南‘大红2号'红肉火龙果为试材,在(5±0.5)℃条件下,2%CaCl_2+0.1%抑霉唑混合溶液浸泡5 min,风干后装入PE膜、PVC保鲜袋和硅窗气调袋内,研究不同包装处理对其贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,不同包装处理均能抑制火龙果腐烂和失重,抑制可溶性固形物、维生素C含量下降速度,维持果实品质,其中,保鲜剂结合硅窗气调包装处理保鲜效果最佳,贮藏至45 d无腐烂,失重率3.6%,较好地保持了果实商品价值,与对照相比延长贮藏期25 d。 相似文献
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【目的】研究不同厚度的保鲜袋自发气调包装和乙烯吸收剂对‘玉露香’梨采后生理和贮藏品质的影响,为生产应用提供技术参考。【方法】分别将商业成熟的‘玉露香’梨采用0.02 mm PE袋、0.02 mm PE袋+乙烯吸收剂、0.03 mm PE袋、0.03 mm PE袋+乙烯吸收剂、0.04 mm PE袋和0.04 mm PE袋+乙烯吸收剂扎口处理形成自发气调环境,于温度(0±0.5)℃、相对湿度90%～95%条件下贮藏,并以0.02 mm PE袋不扎口为对照处理。定期监测不同包装袋内O2、CO2和乙烯浓度,在‘玉露香’梨冷藏150 d和210 d时测定各处理果实叶绿素荧光参数、叶绿素含量、果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸、货架期呼吸强度和乙烯释放量等理化指标,并调查果心褐变情况。【结果】采用扎口处理的不同厚度保鲜袋内气体成分在第35天时达到平衡,气调能力水平由高到低依次为0.04 mm PE袋0.03 mm PE袋0.02 mm PE袋,CO2浓度最高可达到3.2%,最低为0.9%。与其他厚度保鲜袋相比,采用0.03 mm PE袋包装进行自发气调处理能够抑制果皮叶绿素含量、Fm、Fv和Fv/Fm的下降,果实硬度与对照无显著差异,但果心褐变指数显著高于对照,可溶性固形物含量显著低于对照。【结论】0.03 mm PE袋的自发气调可使环境维持在O2为18.7%～19.5%、CO2为1.2%～1.5%时有效保持‘玉露香’梨果实果面绿色,但降低了果实可滴定酸、维生素C等内在品质,同时增加了果心褐变程度。乙烯吸收剂对保绿效果不明显,因此,需要自发气调结合1-MCP处理,从而既达到保绿效果,又能有效维持果实内在品质的目标。 相似文献
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Anna Lisek Danuta Kucharska Agnieszka Głowacka Elżbieta Rozpara 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(5):484-492
The sour cherry is known to exhibit the phenomenon of gametophytic self-incompatibility which prevents self-fertilization. In sour cherry, besides self-incompatible cultivars, there often occur self-compatible cultivars. This is due to the occurrence of natural mutations of the S-RNase or SFB genes and, consequently, loss of functionality of S-alleles. Here we present the results of the identification of S-haplotypes of 21 cultivars of sour cherry from various regions of Europe. The analyses were performed using methods based on the amplification of intron I and intron II of the S-RNase gene and fragments specific to the individual alleles of the S-RNase or SFB genes. The tested cultivars were found to contain 15 S-haplotypes: S1, S1?, S4, S6, S6m, S6m2, S9, S12, S13, S13?, S26, S35, S36a, S36b, and S36b2. The most frequently occurring S-haplotypes were S13? (61.9%), S36a (57.1%), and S26 (47.6%). On the basis of the results, 17 of the 21 cultivars were deduced to be self-compatible. The results will be of use in the production of sour cherry fruit by facilitating the selection of suitable pollinating cultivars. The results are also expected to be useful in the breeding of new cultivars of sour cherry when selecting genotypes for crosses. 相似文献
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Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are emitted by many plants. In this study, sixty common plant species of the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, India were examined for VOC (isoprene and monoterpene) emissions. Plant species VOC emission rates ranged from undetectable to 75.2 μg g?1 h?1. Dalbergia sissoo exhibited a maximum VOC emission rate of 75.2 μg g?1 h?1. Ozone forming potentials (OFP) of the sixty plant species were also estimated using the method of Benjamin and Winer (1998). Maximum ozone forming potential of 77 g O3 (tree)?1 d?1 was observed in the case of Mangifera indica. Out of 60 species, 26 species (43.3%) had low OFP (less than 1 g O3 (tree)?1 d?1), 18 species (30%) had medium OFP (less than 1–10 g O3 (tree)?1 d?1) and 16 species (26.7%) had high OFP (more than 10 g O3 (tree)?1 d?1). 相似文献
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金嘴蝎尾蕉切花苞片褐变的控制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究了金嘴蝎尾蕉切花最佳采收时期和对其苞片褐变具有良好控制效果的预处理保鲜液及瓶插方法。结果表明: 金嘴蝎尾蕉以中蕾期采收最佳; 整个花枝水平放置, 完全浸泡于500 mg·L - 1 H3BO4或500 mg·L - 1 MgSO4中1 h后, 结合2 mg·L - 1 6-BA + 200 mg·L - 1 Al2 ( SO4 ) 3瓶插保鲜及0.1%聚乙烯醇喷洒花枝, 可显著控制苞片褐变, 保持组织较低水平pH值, 减缓膜透性的上升。其瓶插寿命分别达12 d和11.5 d, 显著高于对照的4 d。 相似文献
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京白梨等品种S 基因型鉴定及新基因S28 和S30 的核苷酸序列分析 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
根据梨S基因高度保守区C1和C3区, 设计1对引物P1和P2, 对梨品种的基因组DNA进行S基因特异扩增、克隆、测序, 并在GenBank中BLAST比较, 确定S 基因特异性片段, 对京白梨等6个供试自交不亲和品种的S基因型比对结果为: 白梨中的‘库尔勒香梨’为S21 S28 , ‘苹果梨’为S17S19 ; 砂梨中的‘台湾蜜梨’为S11 S22 ; 西洋梨中的‘葫芦梨’为Sa Sb; 秋子梨中的‘京白’为S16 S30 , ‘早梨18’为S4 S28。其中S28和S30为首次登录的新S 基因, 在GenBank的登录号分别为AY562394 (库尔勒香梨) 和AY876945 (京白) 。 相似文献
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Comparison of anthocyanins in non-blotches and blotches of the petals of Xibei tree peony 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jingjing Zhang Liangsheng Wang Qingyan Shu Zheng’an Liu Chonghui Li Jie Zhang Xiaolei Wei Daike Tian 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
A comparison in non-blotches and blotches of 35 cultivars of Xibei tree peony was investigated to explore flower coloration of Xibei tree peony (the second cultivar group in Chinese tree peony). With high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, six anthocyanins including peonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside (Pn3G5G), peonidin 3-O-glucoside (Pn3G), cyanidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside (Cy3G5G), cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy3G), pelargonidin 3,5-di-O-glucoside (Pg3G5G), and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside (Pg3G) were detected in non-blotches and blotches of petals. Total anthocyanins (TA), total flavones and flavonols (TF), and the copigmentation index (CI) were also analyzed. Cyanidin-based glycosides, which accumulated abundantly at the basal petal, resulted in blotch formation. Some peculiar cultivars with only one kind of anthocyanins or without anthocyanins in non-blotches were found in this study. For example, ‘Feng Zi Xiu Se’, ‘Ou Duan Si Lian’, and ‘Xi Wang’ contained only Pn3G5G; ‘Bing Shan Cang Yu’ and ‘Jin Bo Dang Yang’ contained only Cy3G; while no anthocyanins were found in ‘Bing Shan Xue Lian’. Several cultivars were rich in Pg-based glycosides, such as ‘Ni Hong Huan Cai’, and ‘Ju Yuan Shao Nv’. These cultivars would be excellent parents for creating new cultivars with novel flower color in the future. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,104(2):169-178
The Japanese pear ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ (S2S4SM) (SM = stylar-part mutant) is a self-compatible bud mutant that originated from self-incompatible ‘Nijisseiki’ (S2S4). The S4-allele of the pear is deleted and it shows unilateral incompatibility to cultivar with an S2S4 genotype. However, when pollen-tube growth was compared between cross-compatible [‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ × ‘Okusankichi’ (S5S7)], unilateral-compatible [‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ × ‘Kikusui’ (S2S4)], self-compatible (‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ × ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’), and unilateral-incompatible pollination (‘Kikusui’ × ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’), pollen-tube growth clearly showed the following order: cross-compatible > unilateral-compatible > self-compatible > unilateral-incompatible. This indicates that the ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ style produces specific inhibitor(s) not only to S2- and S4-pollen but also “self-pollen”, because the phenotype of S4SM-pollen is the same as S4-pollen. Stylar protein analysis demonstrated that ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ produces S2-RNase (RNase associated with S2-allele) together with a small amount of S4-RNase. The purified S4-RNase possessed almost the same inhibitory action on the growth of S4-pollen-tubes in vitro at 1 μg μl−1 as that from original ‘Nijisseiki’. These results suggest that the depressed growth of unilateral-compatible and self-pollen-tubes in ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ is due to this biologically active S4-RNase. Growth of self-pollen-tubes may also be depressed by inhibitor(s) specific to “self-pollen” unrelated to S-alleles. 相似文献
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化学药剂对香椿休眠解除的影响及其机理 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用五元二次正交旋转组合设计, 探索6-BA、GA3 、(NH2) 2CS、ZnSO4 、KNO3 对香椿休眠解除的影响, 5 种化学药剂解除休眠的作用依次为ZnSO4 > (NH2) 2CS > GA3 > 6-BA > KNO3 。打破香椿休眠的最佳药剂组合是: 6-BA 20 mg/L + GA3 180 mg/L + (NH2) 2CS 1 % + ZnSO4 0.5 % + KNO3 2 %。用上述药剂处理可以使香椿提早23 d 萌芽。 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2001,89(1):9-21
This paper analyses the response of vegetative growth of greenhouse tomato to both root-zone salinity and shoot-environment (potential transpiration), with the purpose of explaining the observed lack of effect on dry matter yield. A reference salinity (EC) of 2 dS m−1 was compared in three experiments with, respectively, 6.5, 8 and 9.5 dS m−1. Another experiment investigated specific effects of sodium chloride, by comparing two high-EC treatments (both 9 dS m−1), one with a high concentration of nutrients and one with addition of sodium chloride to a normal nutrient solution. The shoot-environment was either a “normal” climate regime or the same regime but with depressed potential transpiration, mainly by adaptation of the humidity set point. There was no detectable effect of the potential transpiration treatment, neither of the sodium chloride. Salinity effects on vegetative growth only showed up at EC exceeding 6.5 dS m−1. The most evident EC effect was a reduction of leaf expansion; individual leaf area was reduced by 8% per dS m−1 exceeding 6.5. This was partly compensated by a slight increase (2% per unit EC) in the number of leaves, which explains why cumulative plant leaf area decreased by about 7% per unit EC in excess of 6.5 dS m−1. Therefore, leaf area index (LAI) at the highest EC was reduced by some 20% compared to the LAI at an EC of 2 dS m−1. It is estimated that this would cause a reduction of less than 8% in light interception, and thus in dry matter produced. Indeed, differences observed in dry weight between the EC treatments were never significant. 相似文献
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Seven chilli landraces of Manipur belonging to three cultivated species of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, and Capsicum chinense) form economically important food crops of the region. The genotypes were characterized using ten random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The cluster analysis based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient calculated by UPGMA method differentiated the genotypes into two main cluster groups. One cluster represented the C. annuum genotypes while the other cluster represented the C. frutescens and the C. chinense genotypes. C. chinense genotypes were more close to C. frutescens genotypes. Genetic variation between the C. frutescens genotypes was more than among the C. annuum genotypes and the C. chinense genotypes were the least similar ones. 相似文献
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5种国兰( Cymbidium ) 的光合特性 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
通过气体交换和叶绿素荧光分析等方法研究了5种国兰(Cymbidium ) 的光合特性。其光饱和点、光补偿点、CO2 补偿点和CO2 饱和点表明它们具有C3 植物特征; 光合速率在3.0 ～5.9 μmol·m- 2 ·s- 1之间, 在低于2 000 μmol·mol- 1 CO2 浓度下, 光合速率受CO2 浓度影响较大; 5种国兰的光合能力、表观量子效率、羧化效率等都有所差异; 光饱和点在350～650μmol·m- 2 ·s- 1之间, 属于喜阴植物,其中春兰、建兰耐阴性相对较低, 墨兰、春剑耐阴性相对较高, 蕙兰居中。从暗处暴露到强光下, 5种国兰的光化学反应启动差异较大, 启动后的光化学效率差异也较大, 这可能与国兰不同种起源地的生态环境,适应性及进化有关。 相似文献